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中文注释　　English

　

   杜甫（712－770），字子美，自称少陵野老，唐代伟大诗人。作品充满对祖国、对人民、对美好事物的热爱，各种诗体都写得很好，是公认的中国古代诗歌创作的典范；他本人则被尊为“诗圣”。杜甫和李白是好朋友，他们二人在中国文学史上就象两座并立的高峰。

    ①白鹭――一种水羽毛鸟，羽毛白色，腿很长，捕食鱼虾。

    ②西岭――指岷山，在成都西面。

    ③东吴――指现在江苏省一带地方，古代是吴国所在地。

    杜甫晚年，住在成都西郊的浣花溪旁。这一天，风和日暖，天朗气清，他闲坐在草堂里，透过窗口和门口欣赏外界的景物。

    最先引起诗人注意的是黄鹂的只有两个，各自占据一株青青杨柳的梢头，你一句，我一句，甜蜜舌，嫩声泣语，比唱歌还要动听。诗人又把目光投向水边上的沙滩，那里正有一行白鹭展翅起飞，向高高的蓝天忘记翩翩而去，它们雪白的身影映着碧蓝的晴空，显得十分潇洒，优美。黄鹂、翠柳、白鹭、青天，一幅多么明媚秀丽的天然画，而黄鹂的叫声，白鹭的动态，更使画面充满勃勃生机。诗人足不出户，却好像置身在欣欣向荣的大自然之中了。

    草堂的四壁并没有限制诗人的视野，更没有妨碍诗人的想象，反而给他的观赏增添了几分艺术情调。那终年戴雪、千古不化的西山群峰，被小小窗口从百里之外收纳进来，不恰好成为一幅山水壁画？那停泊在门前的几艘航船，听说正准备扬帆万里，定然是下岷江、转长江、远到东吴去吧！西岭远隔百里，却说它含在自家窗口；航船泊在门外，又说它要远下东吴。远景把它移近，近景将它推远，在远和近的推移变化之间，千秋西岭和万里东吴，全都聚拢到诗人的草堂跟前来了。

    这首四名小诗，句句都是写景。远远近近、大大小小、形形色色的景物，发声的，飞行的，静止的，静而欲动的，纷然呈现在草堂　周围，与诗人共同组成一个多姿多彩、生动和谐的广阔天地，在这个天地里，寄托着诗人浓而美好的生活情趣和对自然万物、对祖国山河的无限深情。

    This is poem composed by Du Pu, a Tang Dynasty poet, to show the natural beauty of the western suburb of Chengdu City, Sichuan Province, where he lived for years in his old age.

    One bright sunny day with fresh air and a gentle breeze, Du was sitting leisurely in his hatched cottage, admiring through the window and doorway the scenery outside.

    What attracted the attention of the poet was the singing of birds. He saw two orioles singing to one another amongst the green willows. The singing was very sweet and pleasing. Then he looked beyond the trees and spotted a team of egret soaring to the blue sky. Although Du was at home, the description in the first two lines makes readers feel that he was himself outside his cottage, enjoying the scenery.

    The hatched cottage neither limited the vision of the poet nor restricted his poetic imagination. What’s more, it added some artistic flavours to his observation. Looking through the window, he saw the rolling range of snow-clad Western Mountains (refer ring to Minshan Mountain to the west of Chengdu). He thought this was really like a beautiful painting of snow-covered mountains framed by his window. And peering through the doorway, he noticed the boats moored by the river were about to sail off, perhaps for Dong Wu (referring to an ancient kingdom of Wu, located in a place which now is part of Jiangsu Province ), about ten-thousand-li (two li equals one kilometer) away. From where he sat, Du thought those boats seemed so near as if they were just moored outside his doorway.

    Although this short poem contains only four lines, the poet managed successfully to describe scenic subjects far and near, big and small, and moving and still outside his cottage in a well-coordinated and poetic manner. The poem shows Du’s keen interest in nature and life as well as his deep love for the scenery of his motherland.