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中文注释　　English

　　康有为（1858－1927），字祖诒，号长素，清末政治家，“戊戌变法”的倡导者。

1.虎门——在广东省珠江入海处，海防要塞。

2.二虎——虎门东有大虎山，西有小虎山，如二虎守门。

3.粤海——广东省海防前线。

4.遗垒——指废弃的虎门炮台。

　　珠江入海处的虎门，是个具有历史意义的地方。鸦片战时期，林则徐曾在此主持销毁外商私运的鸦片战争时期，林则徐曾在此主持销毁外商私运的鸦片，率领军民打退英国侵略军的进攻。林则徐罢官以后，虎门驻军继续奋战，四百多名将士壮烈牺牲。由于朝廷卖国求和，战争终于失败了，但爱国军民的英雄气概却是可歌可泣的。

　　时光过了近半个世纪，列强侵略愈加嚣张，民族危机愈加严重。康有为，这位为寻求救国真理而积极奔走的青年，在一次从香港回广州途中，船行过此，不禁慨然兴叹，吟诗抒怀。

　　诗人写道：虎门，这祖国南方的海上门户，大小二虎，东西对峙，雄踞两旁，何等威武、尊严啊！遥想鸦片战争当年，林则徐领导爱国军民抗击英军，有如万条巨龙，倒海翻江，那轰轰烈烈的激战场景，而今在那里呢？诗的前两名，分别用虎和龙来作比喻，赞美虎门要塞形势的雄壮险要，展现虎门激战的浩老太太声势和爱国将士的丰采。龙的比喻更富有民族特色，龙是中华民族的象征，当时国旗就是以龙为图像的。

　　虎门之战已经成为历史，战争的遗迹却未消失，林则徐当年在山上增筑的炮台，虽被英军炸毁拆除，但那一处处旧址不是仍有断壁残石留给后人凭吊吗？啊，虎门，光荣的虎门，壮丽的虎门，使人悲愤、发人深思、催人变革图强的虎门啊，今日我又与你相见了！“白浪如山过虎门”，诗的末句既是写景又是抒情。从写景来看，它以雪山般的白浪渲染虎门惊心动魄的壮观；从抒情来说，它烘托着诗人过虎门时那汹涌激荡、波峰迭起的心潮。


  Kang Youwei（1858-1927）was a politician of the late Reform Movement in 1898.

  Humen or Tigers'Gate,located at the mouth of the Pearl River in Guangdong Province,with the Big Tiger Hill in the east and the Small Tiger Hill in the west ,is a defensive fortress of historical significance.During the first Opium War,it was there Imperial Commissioner Lin Zexu had large quantities of smuggled foreign opium burnt and defeated the invadin British forces.After Lin had been dismissed from office,the Chinese garrison continued to fight heroically and over four hundred officers and soldiers died in the fierce battles.Because the imperial court betrayed the country by signing a humiliating truce,the war was lost.About fifty year later,foreign powers were becoming more and more aggressive and the Chinese nation was plunged into worsening crisis.It was against this historical background that Kang Youwei,a young political activist,chanted this poem at Humen while returning from Hong Kong to Canton by boat.

  In his poem,Kang said the two tigers（referring to the Big and Small Tiger Hills ）guarding the gateway to south China were magninficent and powerful.Now where could I see the fierce bat tles with ten thousand gigantic dragons （a dragon is the symbol of the Chinese nation,here it referred to the defending army of heroic soldiers and civilians led by Lin Zexu）charging for ward there for people to see.Today I could see mighty waves like snow mountains surging through the Tiger's Gate.The mighty waves were the expression of both natural beauty and the poet's emotional feeling for a stronger China.

  Humen Fortress is a glorious as well as sad place.It makes people feel grief,plunges them into deep thoughts and encourages them to work hard for strong China.