大学英语重点语法练习

句法练习

一、请判断下列句子的结构类型

1. He is running.

2. The loud voice from the upstairs made him angry.

3. The little boy is asking the teacher all kinds of questions.

4. She seemed angry.

5. My father bought me a beautiful present.

6. Why do you keep your eyes closed?

7. Will you tell us an exciting story.

8. We must keep our classroom tidy and clean.

9. I heard the baby crying in the sitting room.

10. Can you push the window open

 

二、分析并翻译下列句子

1. Bille’s lenses are expected to reach the market in the year 2000, and one tentative plan is to use the Internet to transmit information on patients’ visual defects from the optician to the manufacturer, who will then produce and mail the contact lenses within a couple of days.

 

2. Our enormously productive economy demands that we make consumption our way of life, that we convert the buying and use of goods into ritual, that we seek our spiritual satisfaction, our ego satisfaction, in consumption.

 

3. When I think about all the problems of our overpopulated world and look at our boy grabbing at the lamp by the sofa, I wish I could have turned to Planned Grandparenthood when my parents were putting the grandchild squeeze on me.

 

4. At the same time, the politicians demand of scientists that they tailor their research to “economic needs”, that they award a higher priority to research proposals that are “near the market” and can be translated into the greatest return on investment in the shortest time.

 

5. While it’s true that we all need a career, it is equally true that our civilization has accumulated an incredible amount of knowledge in fields far removed from our own and that we are better for our understanding of these other contributions---be they scientific or artistic.

 

6. Now Germany’s Nobel Prize winning author Gun ter Grass has revived the memory of the 9,000 dead, including more than 4,000 children---with his latest novel Crab Walk, published last month.

 

动词的时态和语态

1.            Before the first non-stop flight made in 1949, it ______ necessary for all planes to land for refueling.

    a. would be     b. has been     c. had been     d. would have been

2.            Once environmental damage ______, it takes many years for the system to recover.

    a. has done     b. is to do     c. does     d. is done

3.            Until then, his family ______ from him for six months.

    a. didn’t hear   b. hasn’t been hearing      c. hasn’t heard   d. hadn’t heard

4.            If she doesn’t tell him the truth now, he’ll simply keep on asking her until she ______.

    a. does     b. has done    c. will do     d. would do

5.            While people may refer to television for up-to-the-minute news, it is unlikely that television ______ the newspaper completely.

   a. replaced    b. have replaced    c. replace    d. will replace

6.            She ought to stop work; she has a headache because she _______ too long.

     a. has been reading    b. had read     c. is reading    d. read

7.            My train arrives in New York at eight o’clock tonight. The plane I would like to take from there ______ by then.

    a. would leave     b. will have left     c. has left    d .had left

8.            A thief who broke into a church was caught because traces of wax, found on his clothes, _____ from the sort of candles used only in churches.

    a. come     b. that came    c. coming    d. had come

9.            You should have put the milk in the ice-box; I expect it ______ undrinkable by now.

    a. became    b. had become    c. has become     d. become

10.         Whenever we visited them, they _____ television.

    a. have watched     b. had watched    c. watch    d. were watching

11.         He has been looking everywhere for you, and he still _______.

    a. does    b. has been    c. has    d. is

12.         It was only after some progress _____ in the use and development of electric current that men began to realize the importance and possibilities of magnetism.

    a. was made  b. would have been made  c. has been made  d. had been made

13.         The company ______ a rise in salary for ages, but nothing has happened yet.

    a. promised   b. is promised    c. is promising   d. has been promising

14.         This is one of the rarest questions that _______ at such a meeting.

    a. has ever been raised    b. is raised   c. are raised  d. have ever been raised

15.         In this experiment, they are wakened several times during the night, and asked to report what they ________.

    a. have just been dreaming     b. are just dreaming

    c. had just been dreaming      d. had just dreamed

16.         Tom is the only one of the students in his class who ______ studied in China.

    a. have    b. had    c. hadn’t    d. has

17.         Henry will not be able to attend the meeting tonight because _______ a class then.

    a. he will be teaching     b. he must be teaching     

       c. he will have been teaching  d. he is teaching

18.         Ever since the Smiths moved to the suburbs a year ago, they _______ better health.

  a. are enjoying   b. have been enjoying   c. could have enjoying  d. had enjoying

19.         Those who have applied for the post ______ in the office.

  a .are being interviewed      b. are interviewing

    c. interviewing              d. to be interviewing

20.         After driving for thirty miles, she suddenly realized that she _______ in the wrong direction.

    a. was driving   b. has been driving    c. had been driving  d. drove

21.         On his next birthday he _______ married for ten years.

    a. has been    b. will be     c. will have been     d. would have been

22.         By the time the applicant makes up his mind, the offer _______.

  a. will cancel  b. will have been cancelled  c. will be canceling d. is cancelled

23.         He will come to the discussion the moment he _____ his work.

     a. finishes     b. had finished    c. will finish    d. finished

24.         He _______ with Smith at least four times in the past three years.

    a. has been seen to meet     b. was seen to meet

    c. had been seen meeting     d. is seen meeting

25.         When it rained, a football match _____ in the sports ground.

     a. was being held    b. was held    c. had been held    d. was holding

 

 虚拟语气

1.             It is essential that the application forms ________ back before the deadline.

   a. must be sent     b. would be sent              c. be sent             d. were sent

2.             I don’t think it advisable that Tom _______ to the job since he has no experience.

     a. is assigned       b. will be assigned       c. be assigned   d. has been assigned

3.             We desire that the tour leader ________ us immediately of any change in plans.

     a. inform             b. informs                  c. informed     d. has informed

4.             Jean doesn’t want to work right away because she thinks that if she ______ a job she probably wouldn’t be able to see her friends very often.

     a. has to get        b. were to get                     c. had got            d. could have got

5.             _______ before we depart the day after tomorrow, we should have a wonderful dinner party.

     a. Had they arrived   b. Would they arrive        c. Were they arriving  d. Were they to arrive

6.             Had he worked harder, he _______ the exams.

       a. must have got through      b. would have got through

       c. would get through         d. could get through

7.             It is of the utmost importance that you ______ here on time.

       a. be                    b. shall be                 c. are to be        d. must be

8.             It’s time _______ about the traffic problem downtown.

       a. something was done    b. everything is done

       c. anything will be done   d. nothing to be done

9.             _______ for your help, we’d never have been able to get over the difficulties.

     a. Had it not                       b. If it were not    c. Had it not been    d. If we had not been

10.          He always talks as though he _______ a public meeting.

     a. is addressing                 b. addressed             c. addresses             d. address

11.          I’d rather you ______ anything about it for the time being.

     a. do                           b. didn’t do    c. won’t do        d. hadn’t done

12.          I would have told him the answer had it been possible, but I _______ so busy then.

     a. had been                  b. were              c. would be         d. was

13.          ________ the English examination, I would have gone to the concert last Sunday.

     a. In spite of       b. But for           c. Because of     d. As for

14.          ______ today, he would get there by Friday.

      a. Would he leave         b. Was he leaving

      c. Were he to leave        d. If he leaves

15.          If her husband _______ in the war, she would not be helping others with the housework now.

     a. had not been killed      b. hadn’t killed

     c. wasn’t killed           d. would not have been killed

16.          She didn’t tell anybody where she would go lest her husband ______ her.

       a. find         b. had  found         c. finds                    d. would find

17.          I would just as soon _______ politely to her.

       a. you speak     b. you will speak           c. your speaking   d. you spoke

18.          I would sooner you ______ against buying a new TV.

       a. decide       b. will decide            c. have decided    d. decided

19.          Linda did tell me what to do. If only I _______ her advice.

        a. take        b. took                     c. would take      d. had taken

20.          If Tom intended to start out this morning, he ______ everything ready last night.

    a. has got     b. would have got     c. would get        d. got

 

非谓语动词

1. The project ______ by the end of 2000, will expand the city’s telephone network to cover 1,000,000 users.

 a. accomplished    b. being accomplished   c. to be accomplished    d. having been accomplished

2. I missed the last bus. I could do nothing but ________in the village for the night.

a. stay           b. to stay      c. staying        d. stayed

3. The bank is reported in the local newspaper _______ in broad daylight yesterday.

a. robbed         b. to have been robbed  c. being robbed    d. having been robbed

4. Tim cannot but ______ his supervisor to help him solve the difficulty he has in

  doing his project.

a. ask                  b. to ask      c. asking    d. asked

  5. I’d rather have a room of my own, however small it is, than _______ a room with someone else.

a. to share            b. to have shared     c. share     d. sharing

  6. The pressure _______ causes Americans to be energetic, but it also puts them under a constant emotional strain.

a. to compete         b. competing    c. to be competed    d. having competed

  7. Could you find someone __________?

a. for me to play tennis with    b. for me to play tennis 

c. play tennis with            d. playing tennis

  8. Everyone had an application form in his hand, but no one knew which office room _______.

a. to send it to    b. to send it    c. to be sent to    d. to have it send

   9. They are going to have the serviceman _______ an electric fan in the office tomorrow.

 a. install   b. to install     c. to be installed     d. installed

   10. People appreciate ______ with him because he has good sense of humor.

a. to work      b. to have worked  c. working    d. having worked

11.I don’t mind ______ the decision as long as it is not too late.

  a. you to delay making    b. your delaying making

  c. your delaying to make    d. you delay to make

12. The match was cancelled because most of the members ______ a match without a standard court.

a. objected to having     b. were objected to have

c. objected to have       d. were objected to having

13. No one had told Smith about _______ a lecture the following day.

a. there be      b. there would be     c. there was      d. there being

 14. The traditional approach _______ with complex problems is to break them down into smaller, more easily managed problems.

a. to dealing     b. in dealing    c. dealing    d. to deal

  15. It is no use ______ me not to worry.

a. you tell    b. your telling    c. for you to have told  d. having told

  16. He thought that ________.

      a. the effort doing the job was not worth.     b. the effort was not worth in doing the job

      c. it was not worth the effort doing the job  d. it was not worth the effort by doing the job

  17.Your hair wants ______ . You’d better have it done tomorrow.

a. cut    b. to cut     c. cutting      d. being cut

  18. There’s a man at the reception desk who seems very angry and I think he means ______ trouble.

a. making    b. to make    c. to have made     d. having made

19 I’ll never forget ______ you for the first time.

a. to meet     b. to have met    c. meeting   d. having to be meeting

  20. John regretted ______ to the meeting last week.

a. not going     b. not to go     c. not having been going    d. not to be going

  21. Soon, Americans hope, the rains will return and ease the hardship _______ U.S. Farmers.

a. faced     b. faces     c. facing      d. to face

  22. ________ in a seemingly endless war, the general was forced to evaluate the

  situation again.

  a. Since the loss of 50,000 soldiers    b. Because of 50,000 soldiers having lost

  c. Having lost over 50,000 soldiers    d. 50,000 soldiers were lost

23.________ the earth to be flat, many feared that Columbus cold fall off the

  edge of the earth.

  a. Having believed    b. Believing     c. Believed     d. Being believed

24. The computer works very fast, _______ data at the spread of light.

  a. having handled   b. handling    c. handled     d. handles

25. A new technique _______, the yields as a whole increased by 20 percent.

  a. working out              b. having worked out    

  c. having been worked out     d. to have been worked out

26. All the tasks ________ ahead of time, they decided to go on holiday for a

  week.

   a. had been fulfilled     b. were fulfilled    c. having been fulfilled  d. been fulfilled

27.________ left before the deadline, it doesn’t seem likely that John will accomplish the job.

a. With so short time           b. Since such a short time

c. Although such a short time    d. With such a short time

28. Such ______ the case, there were no grounds to justify your complaints.

a. was    b. being    c. had been     d. be

   29.Corn originated in the New World and thus was not known in Europe until

  Columbus found it _______ in Cuba.

  a. being cultivated  b. been cultivated    c. having cultivated   d. cultivating

30._______ the way, we set off on foot into the dark night.

a. The guide leads    b. The guide led    c. With the guide leading    d. with the guide lead

31.The president promised to keep all the board members ________ of how the negotiations were going on.

   a. informed    b. inform     c. be informed    d. informing

32. If you want _____ you have to get the fund somewhere.

   a. that the job is done    b. the job done   

c. to have done the job  d. the job that is done

33. There was so much noise that the speaker couldn’t make himself ______.

   a. hearing    b. to hear     c. being heard     d. heard

34. After a whole day’s heavy work, the old worker returned home, _______.

a. hungry and felt exhausting                            b. hunger and exhausted

c. hungry and exhausted                                  d. hungry and having been exhausted

    35. We were greatly encouraged by the news of China ____ another man-made satellite.

a. to have launched             b. to launch           c. launched            d. having launched

 

    从句（定语和状语从句）练习

1.           _______ he’s only a child, he does very well.

    a. Assuming      b. Considering      c. Supposing     d. Now that

2.           You can arrive there earlier for the meeting _______ you don’t mind taking the night train.

    a. unless         b. provided         c. until         d. though

3.           _______ there is no opposition, we shall hold the meeting here.

    a. Supposing    b. Supposed          c. Provide      d. Giving

4.           ________ they are inexperienced, they’ve done a good job.

    a. Given that    b. Unless               c. As long as     d. If only

5.           ________ I forget, please remind me of my promise.

    a. Although     b. Nevertheless      c. In case     d. So that

6.           _______, I shall still go outside.

       a. As the sun is hot         b. Hot as the sun is

       c. Hot as is the sun        d. Though is the sun hot

7.           ________ I sympathize with your point of view, I cannot accept it.

    a. While             b. When      c. What           d. Which

8.           The book New Concept English has been well received by learners of English ________ it helps them to develop their basic English skill.

    a. so that            b. in that      c. in which      d. now that

9.           English words are not always spelled _________.

    a. the way they sound         b. the way how they sound

    c. the way they are sounding    d. as they are sounding

10.       _______ he uttered these words there was a dead silence.

       a. Directly     b. Direct      c. As directly      d. Directly as

11.       ________ seen me than he left the room

       a. As soon as he had     b. Once he had    c. No sooner he had   d. No sooner had he

12.       Scientists say it may be five or ten years ______ it is possible to test this medicine on human patients.

    a. since        b. before      c. after      d. when

13.       The president must reject this proposal ______ it should cause strife and violence.

    a. so that            b. in order that    c. that      d. lest

14.       Tom is going to have trouble _______ his father knows what he has done.

    a. till     b. while     c. when      d. now that

15.       Do ______ right and respect the opinions of others.

    a. what you believe is      b. that you believe is

    c. which you believe is     d. which you believe

16.       The poet wrote the famous poem when he made a tour to _______ was once a battlefield.

    a. where     b. that      c. what      d. which

17.       He didn’t live up to _______ had been expected of him.

     a. what              b. which      c. that     d. all which

18.       Many newspapers printed the mayor’s statement ______ he would support a tax cut.

    a. that         b. which     c. what        d. in which

19.       Word came from Mrs. Kane ______ she would arrive on the Wednesday following.

    a. when     b. that      c. which      d. as

20.       ______ he didn’t have the special knowledge will be a good excuse for not accepting the job.

    a. What      b. That     c. Which       d. How

21.       ________ we need the document or not hasn’t been considered yet.

   a. That             b. What      c. If         d. Whether

22.       He is not such a fool ______ can not realize it is wrong to do that.

   a. who                  b. as                 c. but      d. that

23.       There are few of us ________ admire your determination.

   a. but that     b. but not        d. but         d. but who

24.       Perhaps the day will come ______ people will be able to breathe clean air in cities.

   a. when         b. as                 c. if           d. which

25.       ______ is mentioned above, a lot of work had been done to create man-made materials.

   a. That                   b. Whether       c. As          d. If

   26. Read the book from the beginning to the end ______ you’ll find the answer to the question between the lines.

      a. or                   b. unless       c. so       d. and 

   27.______ I get the money soon, I can’t go on my vacation.

   a. Otherwise          b. Unless      c. Provided     d. Either

   28 .The British are not so familiar with different cultures and other ways of doing things, _______ is often the case in other countries.

      a. as                      b. what                   c. so        d. that

 29. The course normally attracts 20 students per year, _______ up to half will be from overseas.

    a. in which            b. for whom      c. with which     d. of whom

 30. We agreed to accept ______ they thought was the best tourist guide.

    a. whatever                   b. whomever     c. whichever       d. whoever

 31. There was such a long line at the exhibition ________ we had to wait for about half an hour.

    a. as　         b. that　　           c. so  　　　　    d. hence

 32. Language is a city, to the building of ______ every human being brought a stone.

    a. which                        b. that               c. it                         d. this

 33. The goals _____ he had fought all his life no longer seemed important to him.

    a. after which         b. for which      c. with which      d. at which

 34. The minister was the person ______.

   a. whom the state dinner was given in honor

   b. whose honor the state dinner was given

   c. for whom the state dinner was given honor

   d. in whose honor the state dinner was given

 35. There is hardly an environment on earth ________ some species of animal or other has not adapted successfully.

   a. to which     b. wherever         c. so that     d. as

 36. An investigation was made into the accident, ______ fifty people were killed.

   a. for that         b. where          c. when      d. in which

37. Criticism and self-criticism is necessary _____ it helps us to find and correct our mistakes.

   a. by that         b. at that           c. on that     d. in that

38. Not that John doesn’t want to help you,  ______ it’s beyond his power.

   a. but that      b. for that                   c. and that     d. in that

39.. ______ , he does get annoyed with her sometimes.

   a. Although much he likes her                b. Much although he likes her

   c. As he likes her much                    d. Much as he likes her

40.  _______ you decide to take up, you should try to make it a success.

   a. If only     b. Unless       c. Whatever     d. Whenever

41. The trumpet player was certainly loud. But I wasn’t bothered by his loudness _______ by his lack of talent.

   a. than              b. more than    c. as                   d. so much as

42. Fifty years ago, wealthy people liked hunting with animals for fun ______ sightseeing.

   a. than to go    b. rather to go    c. more than going     d. other than going

43. Americans eat ________ as they actually need every day.

   a. twice as much protein     b. twice protein as much twice

   c. twice protein as much     d. protein as twice much

44. If tap water is as dangerous as some people think, ______ would be getting sick.

   a. a lot of more us   b. more a lot of   c. a lot of us more   d. a lot more of us

 

英语特殊句子

1.             It is not what you are studying but ________ you study it that counts.

     a. where     b. how      c. since        d. what

2.             It is to let the fresh air in ______ I often keep the windows wide open.

     a. which     b. that      c .what         d. where

3.             It was because he had a lot of work to do _____ he went to the factory at once.

     a. that       b. what     c. which       d. for

4.             From when was it _______ our industry began to develop rapidly?

     a. which     b. in        c. where        d. that

5.             _______ that he accepted the job.

    a. Very reluctant was it        b. It was very reluctant

    c. It was very reluctantly      d. It being very reluctantly

6.             He didn’t know what it was _____ bothered him.

    a. it       b. which            c. that               d. as

7.             ________ that the most powerful microscopes cannot detect them.

    a. So small these particles are    b. So small are these particles

    c. Such these particles are small   d. These particles are small so

8.             Not only ______ be interesting to us, but also its English will help us in composition.

    a. the novel is     b. is the novel     c. will the novel     d. the novel will

9.             By no means ______ look down upon the poor.

    a. we should         b. should we     c. ought we        d. we shall

10.         Rarely _______ such a silly thing.

       a. have I heard of    b. have heard I of     c. have heard of I    d. I heard of

11.         “Look, here _______.”

    a. the teacher comes   b. comes he     c. he comes  d. is coming the teacher

12.         Only by reading extensively _______ your horizons of knowledge.

    a. so you can widen  b. you may widen  c. can you widen   d. you will widen

13.         My sister had a cold last week, so _______.

    a. I had     b. I did      c. had I     d. did I

14.         That scientist isn’t too happy with the project, and ______.

    a. so are her supervisors    b. either are her supervisors

    c. neither are her supervisors     d. so her supervisors are

15.         ______, he failed at last.

    a. Try as he may  b. As he may try   c. What he may try   d. How he may try

16.         ________, he knows a lot of things.

    a. As is he a child     b. Child as he is    c. As a child is he      d. Child he as is

17.         ______, I shall still go outside.

    a. As the sun is hot     b. Hot as the sun is   c. Hot as is the sun     d. Though is the sun hot

18.         No longer are contributions to computer technology confined to any one country; ______ is this more true than in Europe.

    a. hardly   b. little    c. seldom     d. nowhere

19.         ________ mainly for the invention of the telephone, Alexander Graharm Bell devoted his life to helping the deal.

    a. He is remembered     b. While being remembered

    c. To be remembered     d. Though remembered

20.         The engineer looked at me closely, ______ one of the factory’s products.

    a. so that he could examine    b. in order to examine

    c. as if examining           d. like he was examining

21.         It would be difficult for a man of his political affiliation, ______, to become a senator from the South.

    a. though charming and capable     b. charming and having capability

    c. even with charm and so capable   d. however charming and capable

22.         _______ on a clear day, far from the city crowds, the mountains give him a sense of infinite peace.

    a. While walking     b. When one is walking      c. If walking        d. Walking

23.         When _______ with a strong enemy, they had always retreated.

    a. being faced     b. facing    c. faced     d. being facing

24.         When ______ about substances, the scientist find it convenient to classify them into solid, liquid and gas.

    a. thought             b. thinking                 c. to think          d. having thought

25.         Bob’s leg got hurt while ______ up Mount Huangshan.

     a. climbing                 b. we climbed    c. he climbed     d. we were climbing

26.         Don’t leave the building unless ______ to do so.

     a. being told       b. to be told       c. told               d. you will be told

27.         I didn’t go to the party, but I ________.

    a. planned it         b. planned         c. planned this    d. planned to

28.         You need to find a better dictionary, ________?

    a. don’t you         b. needn’t you     c. won’t you            d. need you

29.         _______ she wondered if she had made a mistake.

    a. Not until long afterwards that          b. Not long until after wards that

  c. It was not until long afterwards that   d. It was long afterwards until

30.         I’m very keen of hearing, ______ I?

    a. amn’t        b. aren’t I    c .ain’t              d. isn’t 

   31. There used to be a theatre years ago, ______ ?

       a. didn’t it            b. usedn’t it    c.didn’t there    d. didn’t there use to

   32. Let’s stop to take up another subject, ______ we?

    a. won’t        b. don’t          c. should           d. shall

   33. I don’t suppose you’re leaving this evening, ______ you?

  a. aren’t you          b. are     c. won’t      d. will

34. Have a cup of tea, _______ you?

   a. don’t       b. won’t       c. would      d. aren’t

 35. I wish to have a talk with you. ______I?

  a. would          b. will         c. may      d. couldn’t

    36.“You must always obey your parents.” “Oh, I must, _____ I?”

  a. must            b. mustn’t     c. needn’t     d. shouldn’t

    37. They had to leave early, _______ they?

     a. hadn’t         b. did                 c. needn’t      d. didn’t