Mark Twain (pseudonym of Samuel Langhorne Clemens, 1835-1910), was an American writer, journalist and humorist, who won a worldwide audience for his stories of the youthful adventures of Tom Sawyer and Huckleberry Finn. Clemens was born on November 30, 1835 in Florida, Missouri, of a Virginian family. He was brought up in Hannibal, Missouri.

Famous work of Mark Twain, The Adventures of Huckleberry Finn, is essential to the understanding of the American soul. The novel’s background is St. Peter's Buzhen on the Mississippi River. It tells the story of a teenaged misfit who finds himself floating on a raft down the Mississippi River with an escaping slave, Jim. In the course of their perilous journey, Huck and Jim meet adventure, danger, and a cast of characters who are sometimes menacing and often hilarious. Though some of the situations in Huckleberry Finn are funny in themselves, this book’s humor is found mostly in Huck’s unique worldview and his way of expressing himself. Describing his brief sojourn with the Widow Douglas after she adopts him, Huck says: After supper she got out her book and learned me about Moses and the Bulrushers, and I was in a sweat to find out all about him; but by and by she let it out that Moses had been dead for a considerable long time; so then I didn’t care more about him, because I don’t take stock in dead people. Underlying Twain’s good humor is antebellum cruelty and injustice that makes The Adventures of Huckleberry Finn a frequently funny book with a serious message.

In the innocent childhood of every person, they have innate sense of justice in their spirit. It makes our world view very simple that only has sense of good and sense of bad. In the story of childhood, we can become a naughty kid always making jokes with others. However, in our mind we can’t become a bad person. I don’t know whether you can remember in our childhood, all the games need a bad character and a good character and we always want to be the good one and then will be very proud of it.   

All the things indicate that in the childhood the sense of justice is a very firm life-belief. Justice is always one thing which must be protected in our childhood. This point is firmly believed by Mark Twain. In the novel Tom and Huck see a murder case. Because they are so afraid, they swear tell no words to others. It is unimaginable how much the two young hearts bear. Because of this Tom is hit by a serious of difficulties and the justice in his deep heart always hit his conscience.       

Although the hero in the novel is a naughty boy; still we have a lot of fine quality to study in him. He is honesty, integrity, calm when in difficulty. He takes great interest, imagination and curiosity on this world and has bravery to try, to explore the world and to pursuit freedom. He lives in a world which is filled with happiness and sunshine and dreams. Tom also has features of his contemporary: he is lovely, pure, and likes fighting. In his boring life, he has to face boring classes, hypocritical doctrine, and strict discipline from his aunt. In order to escape from this kind of life, Tom arranged a team with his naughty friends, and began their adventures.

In this novel, there are some symbols which represent abstract ideas or concepts.
    The Mississippi River is a symbol in the novel. For Huck and Jim, the Mississippi River is the ultimate symbol of freedom. Alone on their raft, they do not have to answer to anyone. The river carries them toward freedom: for Jim, toward the free states; for Huck, away from his abusive father and the restrictive “civilizing” of St. Petersburg. Much like the river itself, Huck and Jim are in flux, willing to change their attitudes about each other with little prompting. Despite their freedom, however, they soon find that they are not completely free from the evils and influences of the towns on the river’s banks. Even early on, the real world intrudes on the paradise of the raft: the river floods, bringing Huck and Jim into contact with criminals, wrecks, and stolen goods. Then, a thick fog causes them to miss the mouth of the Ohio River, which was to be their route to freedom.
    As the novel progresses, then, the river becomes something other than the inherently benevolent place Huck originally thought it was. As Huck and Jim move further south, the duke and the dauphin invade the raft, and Huck and Jim must spend more time ashore. Though the river continues to offer a refuge from trouble, it often merely affects the exchange of one bad situation for another. Each escape exists in the larger context of a continual drift southward, toward the Deep South and entrenched slavery. In this transition from idyllic retreat to source of peril, the river mirrors the complicated state of the South. As Huck and Jim’s journey progresses, the river, which once seemed a paradise and a source of freedom, becomes merely a short-term means of escape that nonetheless pushes Huck and Jim ever further toward danger and destruction.