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基于MATLAB的图像边缘检测

摘  要

    图像边缘检测技术是图像预处理技术之一，边缘作为图像的一种基本特征，经常被应用到较高层次的图像应用中去。它在图像识别，图像分割，图像增强以及图像压缩等的领域中有较为广泛的应用，也是它们的基础。

图像边缘检测的手段多种多样。本文介绍的检测方法是通过一些差分算子，由图像的亮度计算其梯度的变化，从而检测出边缘，主要有Robert、Sobel、Prewitt、Canny、Log等算子。以图像Lena、Car、香烟为例以上述算子做出仿真。

    本文在第一章对图像的边缘进行了一个一般的概述，接着，在第二章中先介绍了比较经典的检测算子，并做出了比较。在第三章中比较了各种算子在没有噪声以及在各种噪声情况下的边缘检测能力，分别给出了仿真的结果。

    关键词：边缘检测；图像处理；去噪

ABSTRACT

Edge detection is one of image preprocessing , as a basic characteristic, the edge of the image,which is widely used in the recognition, segmentation, intensification and compress of the image, is often applied to high-level domain.

There are many kinds of ways to detect the edge. Anyway it get the edge according to the variety of the pixel gray. The main techniques are Robert, Sobel, Prewitt , Canny and Log algorithm. Take picture Lena, Car, the cigarette make the simulation as the example by the above operator.

In chapter one, we give an over view of the image edge. And in chapter two, some classic detection algorithms are introduced. Also has made the comparison. In the third chapter of the various operators in the absence of noise and the noise of various edge detection capabilities were given the simulation results.

Keywords:  edge detection；image processing；goes chirp