英语教学中的warm-up 艺术

调兵山市第六中学  朱晓红

    各行各业都有自己的艺术，而每一行业中的每一过程也都有专门的艺术，那么英语教学中的每个环节也就有每个环节的艺术，下面我就来说说warm-up艺术。

warm-up也可称为warmers,体育人士称它为热身，它是英语教学环节中的第一个步骤，也是“六环”“三步”教学法中的第一环“提出问题”。一堂课的成功与否warm-up起着非常大的作用，能否激发学生的学习兴趣，积极主动地参与本节课的学习，复习前一课的语言点，就要看老师怎样设计warm-up。我在warm-up环节中主要采取以下的活动：

    一、在单词复习方面采用以下几种方法：

1、Blackboard Bingo: vocab revision: write 10-15 words on board and tell students to choose 5 of them and write them on their books.  Read out the words one by one in any order. If the   

students have written down one of the words you call out they cross it off. When they have  crossed off all their five words, they shout out “BINGO !”

2、 Word Associations:  write a word on left and right side of board.  Teams compete to brainstorm/write up as many associated words around it as possible in 1- 2 minutes.

3、 Fruit Salad (Bananas, Apples, Oranges, Fruit Salad……change seats!)

4、 Everyone who………change seats! (you need an open area and chairs for 1. & 2.)

   二、在句子复习方面采用以下几种方法：

1. Introductions: (reciting names around a circle)

                   “My name is Mary.” 

                      “My name is John, and this is Mary.”

                      “My name is Grace and this is John and Mary” 

                      “My name is David and this is Grace, John and Mary”

2. 1^st person:  “I went shopping and I bought an apple.”

2^nd person: “I went shopping and I bought an apple and some rice.”

3^rd person:  “I went shopping and I bought an apple, some rice and some tissues.” 

Vocab game for food, clothing and other consumer items (around the class, the list gets longer and the learners must remember all the items) Can also revise a/an/some.

3. Gossip Game: reported speech game. Groups of 3: A B C (eg John, Mary, David)

John (goes outside) 

Mary tells David everything she can about John

“I think John  is very handsome.  He can play the piano. He goes hiking on the weekends…..” etc

John returns to class

David tells John what Mary said (using backshifted tenses for reported speech))

“Mary said you were very handsome! She also said you could play the piano and that you didn’t like smoking.  She told me you went hiking on the weekends…..etc”

4. If I won a lot of money I would….. sentence completion 2^nd Conditional

1^st student   “If I went to America, I would visit the White House.” 

2^nd student  “If I visited the White House, I would meet the President..”

3^rd student “If I met the president, I would take him out to dinner.”  etc

三、在语法复习方面采用以下几种方法：

1、Compare Yourselves: pairs try to find as many similarities and differences between each other as possible: You are taller than I am; I am older than you are; you live closer than I do; I eat more than you do…..etc Revise question forms (How tall are you? Where do you live?)

2、 What has changed? Tell class to look around room carefully. Send a person outside the room.  Change several things (position of chairs/desks; writing on board; equipment, windows; student seating etc.)  When person returns to room ask “What has changed?” (or “What is different?”)  Person must find as many changes as possible: “the chairs have been moved; someone has opened the window; there’s writing on the board; there’s a mess on the floor; the students have changed seats” etc. (useful to revise Present Perfect for a result/evidence of recent past action, or Present Simple to describe a state or appearance)

3、 Grammar Race:  7 Sentences with errors (appropriate to level of English), cut in strips (2 sets) on a chair in middle of the room. Teacher stands next to chair.  Each team has a ‘runner’ who fetches 1 sentence at a time, for the team to correct together (orally – no writing).  The runner then tells the teacher the ‘corrected’ sentence. If correct, the runner puts back the sentence and takes another one. If still incorrect, Teacher gives a ‘clue’ about the error and sends the runner back to the team to recorrect together. The first team to properly correct all sentences wins the race. Keep score on board. At the end, give each learner a complete written copy of the sentences to correct for Homework.  Rules: only 1 sentence at a time; the runner must go back to the group each time and for recorrections; no pushing and shoving; groups must not write anything on the strips of paper. NB: This can be played in the classroom without changing furniture, but ‘runners’ need to have access to the chair/teacher.

4、 Grammar Auction: present two teams with a list of 10 sentences, some of which have errors.  Give each team the same amount of fake money. Teams compete to ‘buy’ as many correct sentences as they can with their money in  auction style sale:  Write a sentence on the board and ask the groups to bid (offer a buying price) If they really want to buy the sentence they must offer a high price until a buyer wins the bidding. t

    warm-up 艺术在英语教学中更能体现“六环”“三步”教学模式，促进学生的自主、合作、探究的学习方法的应用，使英语课更加适合新课改下的任务型教学。