高一第十二单元语法---复习定语从句
(2009-05-06 08:01:59)
标签:
教育英语语法定语从句 |
分类: 4.单元重点单词和句子 |
高一第十二单元语法---复习定语从句
在复合句中,修饰名词或代词的从句叫定语从句,被修饰的名词或代词叫先行词,引导定语从句的
连词叫关系代词(作主语、宾语、表语或定语)或关系副词(作各种状语),它们在从句中必须作
成分,现归纳总结如下:
一、基本用法:
1.当先行词是表示人的名词时,在从句中作主语,用who或that,但在非限制性定语从句中只能用
1).He
2).My brother, who now lives in Shanghai, is a teacher.
2.当先行词是表示人的名词时,在从句中作宾语,用whom, who或that,连词可省,但作介词的宾语
1).Where is the comrade (whom/who/that) I saw yesterday morning?
2).The comrade (whom/who/that) you spoke to is a model worker.
3).His mother, whom he loved dearly, died in 1818.
3.当先行词是表示物的名词时,在从句中作主语或宾语,用which或that,作宾语时连词可省(但作
1).They
2).The
3).They
4).Now I live in a building, which was built last year.
4.当先行词是表示人或物的名词时,从句中作定语,用whose
(先行词是物时可换成of
1).They
2).He was the man from whose room the thief had stolen the bag.
3).He borrowed a book whose auther (=the auther of which) was a peasant.
which 在从句中有时也 作定语,如:
1).The Beijing Olympic games are in three years, by which time I will be 21.
2).It might snow this weekend, in which case we won’t go hiking in the mountains.
5.当先行词是表示人或物的名词时,从句中作表语,用that,如:
1).Mary is no longer that she was.
2).Beijing is not the city that it was.
6.当先行词是minute,day,week,month,year,time等时间名词时,从句中作时间状语,
1).The day when (=on which) I met him first was May 1st.
2).I'll never forget the year (which/that) we spent together.
7.当先行词是factory,school,hospital,position,spot,place,condition,situation等地点名词时,
1).This is the factory where (in which) he works.
2).We stood at the top of the hill, from where (=from which place) we can see the
3).This is the factory (that/which) he visited last year.
8.当先行词是reason,explanation,excuse等原因名词时,从句中作原因状语,用why或for.+ which,
1).Do you know the reason why (for which) she was late?
2).The reason (that/which) he told me sounded reasonable.
9.当先行词是way,manner等方式名词时,从句中作方式状语,用that或in./by + which或连词可省,
1).I don’t like the way (that/in which) she spoke to me.
2).This is not the way (that/by which) I came last time.
二、特殊用法:
1.当先行词是he,one,someone,those等表示人的代词时,常用who,如:
1).He who doesn't reach the Great Wall is not a true man.
2).Anyone who leaves the room last ought to turn off the lights.
3).Those who want to go to the Great Wall sign up here.
2.当先行词是all,
1).There was little (that) the doctor could do for the patient.
2).You told me to take anything (that) I wanted.
3.当先行词既是人又是物时,只用that,作宾语时可省,如:
1).They
2).He spoke of the men and the things (that) he had seen abroad.
4.当先行词被all,
1).Tell us all things (that) you know.
2).There is no dificulty (that) they can’t overcome.
5.当先行词被形容词最高级或序数词修饰时,常用that,在从句中作主语或宾语(作宾语时可省),
1).This
2).The first book (that) the scholar wrote is about population.
6.当先行词被the very (only, last) 等词修饰时,常用that,如:
1).The very problem that I want to solve is like this.
2).You are the only friend that I have.
7.当先行词是整个主句或主句的谓语部分,引导非限制性定语从句,用which,连词不可以省略,如:
1).He tore up my photo, which upset me.
2).He
8.当主句是以who或which开头的特殊疑问句时,用that,如:
1).Who is the person that is standing at the gate?
2).Which of the person that knows something about physics does not know this?
9.当先行词与as, so, such, the same连用或先行词本身就是such, the same时,关系代词用as,
1).That’s as good a place as I can find.
2).Here is so big a stone as no man can lift.
3).He was such a good listener as every teller would like to have.
4).The middle school student is not the same man as he was before.
5).I feel just the same as you do.
10.as 引导非限制性定语从句,其位置可以位于句首、句中或句末,在从句中作主语、宾语或表语,
1).As we know, smoking is harmful to one’s health.
2).Money, as someone once said, is the root of all evils.
3).Taiwan is a part of China, as is known to all.