生姜可以减少化疗引起的呕吐

Ginger Can Reduce Chemotherapy-Induced Nausea

Ginger supplements can reduce chemotherapy-associated nausea when cancer patients take them along with anti-emetic drugs, according to the results of a placebo-controlled study of 644 patients.
一项664例病人的有安慰剂对照的研究表明，与止吐剂一起服用时，姜补充剂能够减低化疗引起的恶心呕吐。
Capsules containing 0.5 g and 1 g of ginger reduced the severity of nausea by 40% at the beginning of chemotherapy cycles, investigator Julie Ryan, Ph.D., reported during a press teleconference held May 14 by the American Society of Clinical Oncology.
含有0.5和1克姜的胶囊减少了40%的化疗伊始的严重呕吐。
"We found that all doses of ginger significantly reduced nausea compared to placebo in both study cycles," said Dr. Ryan, who is an assistant professor of dermatology and radiation oncology at the University of Rochester (N.Y.). The largest reductions in nausea were seen in the 0.5 g and 1 g groups.
该项研究中，与安慰剂比较，不同剂量的姜制剂都可显著减少呕吐副反应，罗切斯特大学皮肤学和放射肿瘤学助理教授Ryan说，其中，0.5和1克的剂量组作用最为明显。
The study included chemotherapy patients who had experienced nausea during any treatment previous cycle and who were scheduled for at least three additional cycles. Patients were randomized to receive 0.5 g, 1 g, or 1.5 g ginger daily or placebo. Both placebo and ginger were given as capsules.
研究挑选了在之前的治疗中都有恶心副反应出现，并还需进行至少3个月的化疗的病人。病人被随机分为4组，分别接受0.5g，1g和1.5g剂量的姜制剂或安慰剂。姜制剂和安慰剂都是以胶囊给药。
Nausea was assessed during a baseline chemotherapy cycle and at two subsequent cycles on treatment/placebo. Patients reported their nausea level in the morning, afternoon, evening, and at night using a seven-point scale (1 represented no nausea, 7 represented extreme nausea).
在基础化疗期以及随后的两个治疗周期，评估副反应的程度，病人报告他们在早晨，下午，傍晚以及夜间他们呕吐的情况， 采用7点评分法作为评估标准（1代表没有呕吐，而7代表非常严重呕吐）。
Patients started ginger or placebo 3 days before the start of each cycle and continued for 3 more days, for a total of 6 days. All patients received standard anti-emetic drugs - ondansetron (Zofran) or granisetron (Kytril) - on day 1 of each chemotherapy cycle.
在每个治疗周期开始前3天开始服用姜制剂或安慰剂的病人，连续服用3天以上，一共服用6天，所有病人接受了标准的抗呕吐药物ondansetron (Zofran) 或granisetron (Kytril)在治疗周期的第一天。

A total of 644 patients were randomized - 90% female and 92% white, with a mean age of 53 years. The most common cancer types were breast (66%), alimentary (6.5%), and lung (6.1%).
"Most patients report the most severe nausea on day 1 of chemotherapy, so we examined the change in nausea in the four study arms on day 1" of each cycle, said Dr. Ryan.
644名病人随机选取，90%为女性，92是白色人种，平均年龄为53岁。最常见的癌症是乳腺癌（66%）消化道癌症（6.5%）和肺癌（6.1%），大部分病人在化疗第一天都会经历比较严重的恶心呕吐，所以我们在每个化疗周期的第一天检查4组病人在呕吐症状上的不同。
The researchers also observed a statistically significant linear decrease in nausea over 24 hours. This trend was most easily seen on day 1 of cycle 3.
在24小时之后研究者也观察到了显著呈线性的减低呕吐程度，作用在第三期化疗的第一天最为明显。
The findings are likely to generate significant interest among patients and oncologists, noted incoming ASCO president Dr. Douglas Blayney. "This will be an interesting abstract for a lot of patients, who often ask us as oncologists 'is there anything more that I can do to deal with my chemotherapy-induced nausea and vomiting?'," said Dr. Blayney, professor of internal medicine at the University of Michigan and medical director of the Comprehensive Cancer Center at the University of Michigan.
这些结果对病人和医生对都十分有意义，包括ASCO主席Douglas Blayney先生。对很多病人来说这是一个很有意义的研究，他们经常询问作为诊断医生的我能对化疗引起的恶心和呕吐做些什么，Douglas Blayney博士说。
Reporters asked whether patients could do as well consuming gingersnaps or ginger ale, but it's unclear how the findings will translate into the use of ginger-containing products. Dr. Ryan noted that 1 g of ginger is roughly equivalent to ½ teaspoon of ground ginger.
对于含有含姜的食物或饮料，如姜汁小甜饼姜汁酒等，并不明确是否也有同样的作用，Ryan博士指出1克的姜是指大约是二分之一茶匙分量的姜的粉末。
Dr. Ryan is scheduled to present data from the trial May 30 at the annual meeting of ASCO in Orlando. As for why ginger would protect against nausea, Dr. Ryan said investigators do not know the exact mechanism but other research suggests it may be "a potent anti-inflammatory agent in the gut."
Ryan博士准备在奥兰多ASCO年会上公布这次试验的数据报告。而姜能止呕的原因，他说研究者并不了解确切的机制但是有一些研究表明这种机制可能与肠道的一种潜在的抗炎物质有关。