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The traditional belief that a woman’s place is in the home and that a woman ought not to go out to work can hardly be reasonably maintained in present conditions.It is said that it is a woman’s task to care for the children, but families today tend to be small and with a year or two between children.Thus a woman’s whole period of childbearing may occur within five years. Furthermore, with compulsory education from the age of five or six her role as chief educator of her children soon ceases.Thus, even if we agree that a woman should stay at home to look after her children before they are of school age, for many women, this period would extend only for about ten years.

It might be argued that the house-proud woman would still find plenty to do about the home. That may be so, but it is certainly no longer necessary for a woman to spend her whole life cooking, cleaning, mending and sewing.Washing machines take the drudgery out of laundry, the latest models being entirely automatic and able to wash and dry a large quantity of clothes in a few minutes.Refrigerators have made it possible to store food for long periods and many pre-cooked foods are obtainable in tins.Shopping, instead of being a daily task, can be completed in one day a week. The new man-made fibers are more hardwiring than natural fibers and greatly reduce mending, while good ready-made clothes are cheap and plentiful.

Apart from women’s own happiness, the needs of the community must be considered. Modern society cannot do well without the contribution that women can make in professions and other kinds of work.There is a serious shortage of nurses and teachers, to mention only two of the occupations followed by women.It is extremely wasteful to give years of training at public expense only to have the qualified teacher or nurse marry after a year or two and be lost forever to her profession.The training, it is true, will help her in duties as a mother, but if she continued to work, her service would be more widely useful.Many factories and shops, too, are largely staffed by women, many of them married.While here the question of training is not so important, industry and trade would be seriously short of staff if married women did not work.

18.   The author holds that ________.

[A] the right place for all women, married or otherwise, is the home, not elsewhere

[B] all married women should have some occupation outside the home

[C] a married woman should give first priority to her duties as a mother

[D] it is desirable for uneducated married women to stay at home and take care of the family

19.     A house-proud woman ________.

[A] would devote her whole life to her family

[B] would take her own happiness and that of her family as her chief concern

[C] would still need some special training at public expense to help her in her duties as a housewife

[D] would take full advantage of modern household appliances

20.     According to the author, modern society ________.

[A] can operate just as well even without women participation

[B] has been greatly hampered in its development by the shortage of women nurses and women teachers

[C] cannot operate properly without the contribution of women

[D] will be seriously affected by the continuing shortage of working women in heavy industries and international trade

Text 3

【试题精解】

18.   The author holds that ________.

18．作者认为________。

[A] the right place for all women, married or otherwise, is the home, not elsewhere

[A] 不论已婚与否，所有女性的正确位置都属于家庭而非其他地方

[B] all married women should have some occupation outside the home

[B] 所有已婚女性都应该在家庭之外有一份职业

[C] a married woman should give first priority to her duties as a mother

[C] 已婚女性应当以母亲的责任为重

[D] it is desirable for uneducated married women to stay at home and take care of the family

[D] 没有接受教育的已婚女性应当留在家中照顾家庭

【题型】细节题

【答案】B

【解析】题干中没有可以进行定位的关键点内容，所以以选项为定位内容，进行反向排除。A选项的内容出现在第一段第一句，这一内容是“The traditional belief”，但在文中有“can hardly be reasonably maintained”，即说明作者认为其为不合理的内容，所以该内容不能作为作者的观点。B选项内容出现在最后一段最后一句，该句说明已婚女性不工作的后果，即通过上文总结，已婚女性应该工作，所以B为正确答案。C选项的内容出现在第二段第一句，但后续内容都是对其的否定，故该内容不是作者的观点，故排除。D选项中的没有受过教育的相关内容在文中没有直接体现，所以该选项中“应该留在家庭”的内容也属于无中生有的内容，所以予以排除。

19.   A house-proud woman ________.

19．以家庭为重的女性________。

[A] would devote her whole life to her family

[A] 把她的整个生活都奉献给家庭

[B] would take her own happiness and that of her family as her chief concern

[B] 把自己与其家庭的幸福放在首位

[C] would still need some special training at public expense to help her in her duties as a housewife

[C] 还需要社会支付费用来接受特殊培训以实现其作为家庭主妇的责任

[D] would take full advantage of modern household appliances

[D] 应当充分利用现代家庭设备

【题型】细节题

【答案】D

【解析】题干关键点“house-proud woman”出现第二段第一句。该句说明，有人认为他们“总有很多事情可做”。后面的句子说明，现代化的发展可以减少这些工作，从而也批驳了第一句的观点。D选项正确是对这一段后文内容的一个推理，符合上下文含义。

A选项的内容是传统观念，并非文章中作者所论述的观点，属于主观干扰，排除。B选项利用第二段中原文“women’s own happiness”来进行干扰，与题干无关，不能选择。C选项也是利用原文training at public expense和help her in duties as a mother进行干扰，所以排除。

20.   According to the author, modern society ________.

20．作者认为现代社会________。

[A] can operate just as well even without women participation

[A] 即使没有女性参与其中也能很好地运行

[B] has been greatly hampered in its development by the shortage of women nurses and women teachers

[B] 由于缺乏女性护士与教师而大大阻碍了其发展

[C] cannot operate properly without the contribution of women

[C] 没有女性的贡献而无法良好运行

[D] will be seriously affected by the continuing shortage of working women in heavy industries and international trade

[D] 将继续受到重工业与国际贸易中女性工作人员短缺的严重影响

【题型】细节题

【答案】C

【解析】题干考查作者对现代化的看法。我们可结合选项，进行逐一排除。

A选项“没有女性”的内容与第三段第二句的内容不一致，原文中指出没有职业女性，则“现代社会无法良好运行”。所以该选项与原文内容不一致，予以排除。B选项“护士与教师”的内容出现在第三段第四句，但在原文中，只是说明这是一种“浪费”，而没有说明对于“社会的阻碍”。该选项属于对于原文的过度推理，应予以排除。C选项的表述与第三段二句内容相一致，即如果没有女性的贡献，现代社会将无法良好运行，所以该项为正确答案。D选项中的“重工业与国际贸易”在文中并没有提及，属于无中生有，故排除。

【核心词汇】

traditional [trə'dɪʃ(ə)n(ə)l] adj. 传统的；惯例的

reasonably ['riːznəblɪ] adv. 合理地；相当地；适度地

condition [kən'dɪʃ(ə)n] n. 条件；情况；环境；身份vt.决定；使适应；使健康；以…为条件

compulsory [kəm'pʌls(ə)rɪ] n. （花样滑冰、竞技体操等的）规定动作adj. 义务的；必修的；被强制的

cease [siːs] n. 停止vi. 停止；终了vt.停止；结束

drudgery ['drʌdʒərɪ] n. 苦工，苦差事

laundry ['lɔːndrɪ] n. 洗衣店，洗衣房；要洗的衣服；洗熨；洗好的衣服

refrigerator [rɪ'frɪdʒəreɪtə] n. 冰箱，冷藏库

staff [stɑːf] n. 职员；参谋；棒；支撑adj. 职员的；行政工作的vt.供给人员；给…配备职员

【参考译文】

①The traditional belief that a woman’s place is in the home and that a woman ought not to go out to work can hardly be reasonably maintained in present conditions.②It is said that it is a woman’s task to care for the children, but families today tend to be small and with a year or two between children.③Thus a woman’s whole period of childbearing may occur within five years. ④Furthermore, with compulsory education from the age of five or six her role as chief educator of her children soon ceases.⑤Thus, even if we agree that a woman should stay at home to look after her children before they are of school age, for many women, this period would extend only for about ten years.

①传统观念认为女性属于家庭而非外出工作，但这一观念已经不再适用于当今情况。②人们认为照顾孩子是女性的天职，但是如今的家庭规模变小，孩子之间的年龄仅相差一两岁，这样女性生育孩子的整个期限也不过五年。③此外，由于孩子在五六岁时开始接受义务教育。④女性作为其子女主要教育者的角色也随之终止。⑤因此，即使我们都赞同女性在孩子入学之前应当留在家中照顾他们，这段时间最长也不过十年。

①It might be argued that the house-proud woman would still find plenty to do about the home. ②That may be so, but it is certainly no longer necessary for a woman to spend her whole life cooking, cleaning, mending and sewing.③Washing machines take the drudgery out of laundry, the latest models being entirely automatic and able to wash and dry a large quantity of clothes in a few minutes.④Refrigerators have made it possible to store food for long periods and many pre-cooked foods are obtainable in tins.⑤Shopping, instead of being a daily task, can be completed in one day a week. ⑥The new man-made fibers are more hardwiring than natural fibers and greatly reduce mending, while good ready-made clothes are cheap and plentiful.

①有人可以辩解说，以家庭为重的女性在家庭中总有很多事情要做。②这或许是事实，但是很显然，女性没必要花一辈子时间来做饭、打扫和缝缝补补。③洗衣机承担了洗衣这一苦差事，最新型的全自动洗衣机可以在几分钟之内清洗并甩干大量衣物。④电冰箱可以长时间存储食物，并且现在很多冷冻食物都是罐装，方便获取。⑤购物已经不是每日必做的事情，你可以在一天之内完成一周的采购。⑥新型的人造纤维比自然纤维更耐穿，这大大减少了缝缝补补的需要，而成装既价格便宜又货源充足。

①Apart from women’s own happiness, the needs of the community must be considered. ②Modern society cannot do well without the contribution that women can make in professions and other kinds of work.③There is a serious shortage of nurses and teachers, to mention only two of the occupations followed by women.④It is extremely wasteful to give years of training at public expense only to have the qualified teacher or nurse marry after a year or two and be lost forever to her profession.⑤The training, it is true, will help her in duties as a mother, but if she continued to work, her service would be more widely useful.⑥Many factories and shops, too, are largely staffed by women, many of them married.⑦While here the question of training is not so important, industry and trade would be seriously short of staff if married women did not work.

①除了女性本身的幸福之外，社会的需要也必须纳入考虑之中。②如果没有女性在职业领域和其他各种工作中的贡献，现代社会无法良好运行。③护士与教师领域人才短缺，而这只是两种女性主导的职业。④社会花费大量时间与财力培养合格教师或护士，而她们工作一两年之后便结婚，从此便不再工作，这是多大的浪费啊！⑤确实，这种培训会帮助她们做一个更好的妈妈，但是如果她们继续工作，她们的服务将为社会带来更多的利益。⑥很多工厂与商店的工作人员也是女性，大多数都是已婚者。⑦尽管培训在这种情况下不是主要问题，但是如果已婚女性不再工作的话，工业和贸易就会遭遇人员短缺的窘境。

【核心词汇】

traditional [trə'dɪʃ(ə)n(ə)l] adj. 传统的；惯例的

reasonably ['riːznəblɪ] adv. 合理地；相当地；适度地

condition [kən'dɪʃ(ə)n] n. 条件；情况；环境；身份vt.决定；使适应；使健康；以…为条件

compulsory [kəm'pʌls(ə)rɪ] n. （花样滑冰、竞技体操等的）规定动作adj. 义务的；必修的；被强制的

cease [siːs] n. 停止vi. 停止；终了vt.停止；结束

drudgery ['drʌdʒərɪ] n. 苦工，苦差事

laundry ['lɔːndrɪ] n. 洗衣店，洗衣房；要洗的衣服；洗熨；洗好的衣服

refrigerator [rɪ'frɪdʒəreɪtə] n. 冰箱，冷藏库

staff [stɑːf] n. 职员；参谋；棒；支撑adj. 职员的；行政工作的vt.供给人员；给…配备职员

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