Unit 13

1.fat  u.n. 脂肪adj.肥胖的(反) thin adj. 瘦的

 put on fat 发胖a fat person 肥胖的人

2.stomach c.n. 胃，肚子 （pl. stomachs ）

 (固定搭配) lie on one’s stomach 趴在地上

e.g. He lay on his stomach to see insects fighting.

stomachache  n.胃痛，肚子痛

考查： The doctor asked him to lie down on his s____________.

3.fever n. 发烧；狂热 /have a fever发烧/ have a high (slight) fever 发高（低）烧

feverish adj.

考查： Yesterday evening he had a high fever and we took him to a hospital.

4.ripe adj. 熟的，成熟的（反） green

 ripe  fruit / corn  成熟的水果/ 谷物

Is the peach ripe or green? 桃是成熟的还是生的？

考查：Those bananas aren’t r_______ yet—they are still green.

5.ought v. aux. 应该，应当

ought to 应当，应该（本身没有变化，一定与不定词to 连用）指客观上有责任、有义务做某事或按道理应该如何。

should 指主观上有责任、有义务做某事，即“按我的想法应该如何”，常表示劝告、建议、命令等语气。

ought to 应该， 语气比should 强；必须，比must 弱。

ought to 的否定式： needn’t 表示某一动作不必要做；oughtn’t to = ought not to表示某一动作是错误的。与shouldn’t 类似，语气更强。

e.g. You ought to see a doctor.

 I should report it to the police.

We ought to / should respect our parents and teachers.

4 个用法：

①表示责任，义务：应该

“Ought he to go?” “Yes, he ought (to ). 或No, he needn’t.”

Such things ought not to be allowed, ought they? A. oughtn’t to B. can’t C. won’t D. needn’t

②表示劝告、建议：

We ought to go now, shouldn’t / oughtn’t we?

This room ought to be cleaned before 5 o’clock.

③表示猜测：比较肯定，说话留有余地

It’s nearly seven o’clock. Jack ought to/should be here at any moment.

-When can I come for the photos? I need them tomorrow.

-They ought to be ready by 12:00.

A. can    B. should   C. might   D. need

④表示责备，遗憾：

ought to have done/

should have done   （指过去）本应该。。。（却没有）

oughtn’t to have done /

shouldn’t have done   (指过去)本不该。。。（却做了）

I ________ her, but I never could.

   A. ought to help    B. must help    C. ought to have helped  (√)   D. must have helped

You oughtn’t to have stopped on the motorway.你本不该在高速路上停车。

6. examine vt. 检查，考试，询问

~ sth. 仔细检查

~ sb. 诊察

~ sb. in (on) 对...进行考试/ ~ sb. in physics考某人物理

examination/ exam  c.n. 考试，检查

 take ~s / an ~ 参加考试

pass an ~ 考试及格

have  a medical examination 体格检查

 拓展： check  n. & v. 核实，查证，检查（对错） test 测试 inspect 视察 survey 勘察 scan 扫描

1）The doctor examined my teeth.

2）I have a toothache. I’ll have my teeth examined.

3）At the airport, the officials examined my luggage carefully.

4）She will have a medical examination to morrow.

5）Have you passed the maths examination/ exam you took last week?

6）You’ll be examined on everything that has been studied in the course.

7）My bags were carefully _____ when I entered that country.

    A. tested      B. examined (√)C. watched       D. checked

8）When I checked my shopping list, I found I’d forgotten to buy eggs.

9) You’d better check your answers before you hand your paper in.

10) Is the baby asleep? I’ll go and check.

7.plenty n. 充足，大量，富裕

  “Another cup of coffee?” “No, thank you. I’ve had plenty/ enough.

  in plenty 许多，丰富 （一般做状语）

 They live in ~. 译：他的生活富裕。

This district has oil in ~. 译； 该地区有丰富的石油。

plenty of + c.n./ u.n. 许多，大量（多用于肯定陈述句；疑问句常用enough; 否定句用many 或much）但不说a plenty of.

e.g. We still have plenty of time to get ready.

There are plenty of good books to read.

 Is there enough food?

 We haven’t much money with us.

（2006·浙江）We always keep ____ spare paper, in case we run out.(本题测试表示数量的短语)

  A. too much    B. a number of    C. plenty of （√）   D. a good many

8.energy u.n. 精力；能量 ，指物理学上的能和人的精力。 / be full of energy

/ apply/ devote one’s energies to sth./doing sth. 致力于...

energetic  adj. 经理旺盛的 / an energetic player

1) People need energy to live, which is measured in calories.

2) We should make good use of solar energy.

3) Old as he is, he is full of energy.

9. soft adj. 不含酒精的

  a soft drink  c.n. ( cold , sweet and non-alcoholic drink, eg. fruit juice (often charged with gas)

软饮料（不含酒精的冷饮，如果汁或带果汁味的汽水等）

cola  (a type of non- alcoholic drink) 可乐

10.fuel u.n. 燃料， 营养物 add fuel to the fire 火上浇油

c.n. (特定种类的)燃料 / Gas, oil and coal are the most common heating fuels.煤气、石油、煤炭是最常见的暖气燃料。

The fuel we need for our bodies is different.养料

考查：The old farmer cut up the old tree for his winter f______.

11. diet n. 日常饮食，常吃的习惯食物或规定的食品/ a special ~/ a balanced ~/ healthy ~s/ be on a diet  正在节食/ go on a diet进行节食

 vi. 按规定进食，实行节食

food n. 人和动物食用的任何食品

1) Proper diet and exercise are both important for health.

2) This diet only allows you to eat fresh fruit.指定饮食

3) On sugar in my coffee please; I’m dieting/ on a diet. 正在节食

4) They gave us plenty of food and drink.

5）The sick man must not go without____, but he must have a ____ without salt.

   A. diet; food   B. food ; diet  (√)  C. food; food   D. diet; diet

12.keep up with 跟上， 不落后于/keep up with the times与时俱进

catch up with 赶上/ catch up with sb. from behind 后来居上

put up with忍受，容忍

come up with提出，产生

end up with以。。。结束

Would you slow down a bit, please? I can’t ____ you.

  A. keep up with （√）  B. put up with  C. make up to    D. hold on to

 make up to 讨好，拍马屁，献殷勤，报答hold on to抓住，抓牢，坚持

13. pace u.n. (一步)， 速度， 步调

 quicken one’s pace加快步伐

the pace of life in Washington华盛顿的生活节奏

the high pace of modern life现代生活的快节奏

（固定搭配）

keep pace with sb./ sth.跟上

at the pace 设定速度，树立榜样

at a snail’s pace（走的）极慢

14. choice c.n. ( pl. choices)

   make / take a choice挑选，做选择

make a careful choice仔细挑选

have no choice but to do 只好，除了。。。之外别无选择

Be careful in your choice.

I have no choice but to ask for help.

choose / chose/ chosen  v.

choose sth.表示选择出来的结果/ choose from sth.表示选择的范围

choose to do sth.愿意做某事/ I choose to join the army after graduation.

cannot choose but do sth. 只好/ He cannot choose but obey the order.

You need to make a choice about what career to take up in the future.

15. fit adj. 健康的；合适的 （同） suitable (反) unfit

 (固定搭配) be fit for 适合，胜任，合格

 He is fit for the job.

be fit to do sth./ The shoes are not fit to wear.

  keep fit 保持健康

fit v. 适合，安装 n. 适合 / fit in with 适合，适应

  We should fit in with the changed situation.

(词语辨析)：

fit 多指大小、形状合适，引申为 吻合、协调。/ The new coat fit me well.

match 多指大小、色调、形状、性质等方面的搭配。/ The curtain matches the floor.

suit 多指合乎需要、口味、性格、条件、地位等。 / Does the time suit you?/ No dishes suits all tastes.

16. unit c.n.单元；单位　a unit of energy/ a social unit

 The metre is a unit of length.

 Unit 16

17.gain vt. 增加；获得(指通过努力或奋斗获得某种利益)/ gain experience/ weight/ wealth

  n. 利益/No pains, no gains.

（同） get, obtain   (反)lose 

（2006 开封）The Bull team ____ the football match and they ____ much experience in playing football.

   A. gained; got   B. won; gained（√）   C. won; won     D. gained; obtained

18.now and then  = sometimes 时而；不时；偶尔；经常

  Marcia still appears on TV now and then.玛西娅仍然不时出现在电视上。

We play computer games ______,, but not as often as we used to.

19. brain n. 脑 /have a brain as his father有一个像他父亲一样的脑袋

  头脑；智能/ have a clear brain 清晰的头脑

 Use your bain(s). 动动脑筋。

20. steam vt. 蒸 vi.蒸发  u.n. 水蒸气

  ~ fish 蒸鱼/ ~ engine蒸汽机/ ~ boiler 蒸汽锅炉/ ~ed bun (bread)馒头

21. boil vt. vi. 煮沸 （水、液体） 沸腾

 eg. Water boils at 100 ℃.水在100 ℃沸腾。

She boiled two eggs. 她煮了两个鸡蛋。

boiling water沸腾的水/ boiled water 煮开过的水

考查：Boil the water before drinking it.

基础预览

1.Those bananas aren’t r_____ yet,-- they’re still green.

2.–Would you like some fried fish?- No, thanks. I’m on a d_____.

3.Riding a bike helps developing a child’s sense of b_______.

4.“Well, let me see,”he said slowly, trying to g____ time before answering the question.

5._____ the water before drinking it.

6.The doctor asked him to lie down on his s_________.

7.Professor Morrey let us study at our own p_____.

8.The television was f___________ normally until yesterday.

9.Could you p_____ an orange for me?

10.You shouldn’t go swimming until you food has a chance to d________.

(1.ripe2.diet3.balance4.gain5.Boil6.stomach7.pace8.functioning9.peel10.digest)