Module 2 Changes

Unit 7 Travelling in Garden City

 

语法

1.      一般过去时

 定义：过去发生的动作或状态

标志词：in the past，two days ago，yesterday，just now, this morning,  last night….

句型：

肯定句：主+动词过去式+其它（eg. He played football yesterday..）

否定句：主+didn’t+动词原形+其它 (eg.  He didn’t play football yesterday.)

一般疑问句：Did+主+动词原形+其它 (eg.  Did he play football yesterday？)

 

2.      There be 句型的过去时及将来时

句型：

肯定句：There be +某人/某物+某地/某时 （某地有某人或某物）

否定句：There be ++not+某人/某物+某地/某时 （某地有某人或某物）

一般疑问句：Be there +某人/某物+某地/某时 （某地有某人或某物）?

回答：Yes, there +be ./  No, there be+not.

a.       be可以有多种形式：如is, are, was ,were, will be, must be….

b.      be和后面跟的名词在树上要保持一致。当后跟两个后两个以上的名词是，be 要跟与它最近的名词在数上一致。（就近原则）

Eg.  There is a book and two pens on the desk.

There are two pens and a book on the desk.

c.       There be …表示某处存在某物或某人，表示的是存在关系；have表示某人拥有某物/某人，表示的时所有、拥有关系。

Eg. There are 36 students in our class.

   I have two good friends.

 

3.      In the past, all passengers had to buy tickets from a bus conductor.

   In the past, all passengers didn’t have to buy tickets from a bus conductor.

 had to 是have to 的过去式，have 是实意动词，因此注意句型变化时须添加助动词。

 

4. What will traveling in Garden City be like in 10 years’ time?

  What will sb/sth be like ? ….怎么样

1) 问长相:

What is he like?

 What does he look like?

 How does he look?

2) in 10 years’ time 十年以后

   “in +表示时间段的名词短语 ”， 用于一般将来时

   注意：in 1 year’s time

   “after +时间段”，一般用于过去时态

 

 

5. They put their money in a fare-box or use a public transportation card instead. 他们把钱放在投币箱里或用一张交通卡替代。

 instead这个副词有“代替”的意思，在一定的上下文中使用。

Eg.   He is tired, let me go instead.他累了，让我去吧。

 instead of 是一个介词短语，意思是“代替”，“而不是…”。后面常跟名词或v-ing形式。如：We’ll have pizza instead of rice today.我们今天pizza而不吃饭。

He spent his time sleeping instead of working.

 

6. None of the bus drivers were women.

none 用于否定三者以上，既可指人，也可指物，表示没有人和物，作主语时，可作单数也可作复数，常与of 连用。no one(nobody)只指人，不指物，作主语时视为单数。

（none---all,    neither---both）

Eg.  1)All of the answers are right.

      None of the answers are/is right.

2)Both of my parents are doctors.

 Neither of my parents is a doctor.

 

7. Most of the bus-drivers are still men.

  some of ,none of ,most of ,all of 后面既可接可数名词，也可接不可数名词，由“some(all,most)of ”修饰的词语作主语，谓语可以是单数，也可以是复数，取决于这个名词是否可数。

（1）Some of the students have lunch at school.

（2）Some of the water is polluted.

 

8. Perhaps none of the people will travel by ferry r.

 1) perhaps 意思是“也许”，常位于句首。相当于maybe

  2)“by +交通工具”表示乘坐方式。如：I go to school by bike.

 

9. Perhaps there will be fewer traffic jams.

 1）fewer是few的比较级，意为“较少的”。few的反义词是many, fewer的反义词是more。

 2）traffic jams 交通堵塞， 是可数名词，traffic 交通，是不可数名词 。

  eg. The traffic in Shanghai is heavy.

 

 

10.词组

1. in the past 在过去                   2. travel by bus 乘公交车旅行

3. buy tickets 买票                     4.collect … from…从…收集…

5. put… in …放…进…                   6. in 10 years ’ time 十年后

7. fewer traffic jams 交通堵塞少了       8. do not have to do sth 不必做某事

9. use a public transportation card instead用公共交通卡取而代之

10. make a poster 制作一张海报        11. none of …. 没有一个…

12. most of… …中的大部分             13. more crossings 更多的人行横道

14. an air-conditioned bus 一辆空调车   15. women drivers 女司机

 

练习

I. Choose and complete.

1.      In the past,____________(all/ none) of the bus-drivers were double-decker buses. ________(None/ Most) of them were air –conditioned.

2.      In the past,_________(some/all)of the bus-drivers were  men._________(None/ Some) of them were women.

3.      _________(All/ None) of the passengers had to buy tickets from the bus conductors.

4.      Nowadays,_________(Some/all)of the buses have a fare box.. _____(None /Some ) of the passengers use a public transportation card instead.

5.      The traffic in Shanghai is much______(good, better) than before.

6.      We need___________ ( much, more) car parks because many people have their own cars now.

7.      There are about sixty ___________(woman, women ) teachers in our school.

8.      There not any ________(fly, flyovers ) in Shanghai thirty years ago.

9.      ________( None. Not ) of us finished the homework, so Mr. Zhang was angry.

10.  --.Who is the lady standing at the ________(cross, crossing) with James?

--She is James` aunt.

11.In the past, the farmers________(grow/grew) food with their hands.

12.______(Nowadays/ In 10 years` time), perhaps each family will have their own cars in our city.

13.________(None/Some) of the students is late for school.

14.I_______(will/won`t) go swimming any longer.

15.It`s too hot today. Please give_______(she /her) a bottle of orange juice.

16.You should eat________(fewer/ less)food and take _______(more/less) exercise.

17.---Would you like some more rice?     ---Yes. Just______(a few/ a little).

18.Mary is very careful and she makes ______ (a few/ few) mistakes in her work.

21. In the past ,many people like ______by bus.(travel, travelling)
20.Mum, this t-shirt is much too small for me. Would you buy me a _______(smaller/larger) one?

II. Complete the sentences with the given words in their proper forms

1. ___________(conduct) collect money from passengers.

2. It is comfortable to stay in an _________(air-condition) room.

3. There will be ________(few) buses in the future than now.

4. It is _________(interest) to take the double-decker bus.

5. There will  ________(possible) be more flyovers in Shanghai.

6. Perhaps we need to park our car in a car________(parking).

7. What will_______(travel) in our city be like?

8. None of ______(they) is late for school.

9.There are no ______(air-condition) in the buses.

10.I only have one book. I want _________(many).

 

IV. Rewrite the sentences as required

1. I have a lot of homework to do.（改为一般疑问句）

  _____________you _________a lot of homework to do?

2. There will be more roads.  （改为定句）

  There will be________ ________ .

3. All of  teenagers are boys.（保持原句意思）

  ________ _______the teenagers is a girl.

4.Nowdays, more people go to work by underground. (对划线部分提问）

________  _______more people go to work by underground ?

5. In the past, many people went to work on foot（对划线部分提问）

 ________ _______ many people go to work in the past?

 

V．Choose the best answer

（   ）1.In the past, people ______by bus.

A. travel    B. travelled       c. travelling        d. travels

(    )2.—What did Mr Jones do before he moved here?

       ---  He ______ a bus.

     A. is driving     B. drives        C. drove        D. has driven

(    ) 3 . This is ______empty bottle. Could you give me ______full one?

     A. a … a      B. an…a     C.  the…the          D. / …a

 (    )4._________of us likes playing football.

     A. All        B. Most       C. None          D. Many

 (    )5. They _______ to wear sunglasses in writer .

     A. haven`t      B. have not       C.  don`t have       D. have

 (    )6. In summer, more people like taking____________buses.

     A. cold        B. hot        C. different      D air-conditioned

 (    )7. There are few________in the fridge. Let`s go and buy some peas, carrots and cabbages.

     A. vegetables   B. fruit       C. meat       D. eggs

(    )8.---I have _______money with me. Would you please lend me some?

        ---Of coures. Here.

     A. a few      B. a little        C.  few      D.  little

 (    )9. There ________a sports meeting in our school next week.

     A. will have    B. will hold     C. is going to be     D  is going to have

 (    )10. _______ people like to travel by ferry._______people like to take the underground because it is faster.

     A. Fewer… fewer   B. Less…less    C. Fewer… more    D Less…fewer

 (    )11. He________in three days.

    A. won`t come      B. didn`t      C. doesn`t come    D.   hasn`t  come

(    )12. Sam and Sandy are my little brothers._________of us like playing basketball.

     A  Both      B. All        C None       D Some

(     )13. We are going to Qingdao______ ship.
       A. at B. by C. in D. for

(     )14._____,we usually went to school by train.
       A. In the past B. In past C. Nowadays D. Now