大家一起学习——SCA3与线粒体异常
(2010-08-26 22:50:18)
标签:
sca3线粒体ataxin-3杂谈 |
分类: 神经遗传病 |
脊髓小脑共济失调3型(SCA3)为一种常染色体显性遗传神经退行性疾病,临床表现为行走不稳,视物成双,构音不清等。SCA3致病基因定位于14q24.3-32.1,编码ataxin-3蛋白,在其第3号外显子内存在一段CAG重复序列,正常重复为12-40次,异常重复为51-86次,而异常重复的CAG可以导致编码蛋白中多聚谷氨酰胺链延长以致病,为一种多聚谷氨酰胺疾病(polyglutamines disease,PolyQ病)。
近来证实ataxin-3蛋白不仅定位于细胞的胞浆和核内,同时也定位于线粒体中,损伤线粒体的形态与功能,而导致能量代谢异常。
参考文献:
Study of subcellular localization and proteolysis of ataxin-3.
Pozzi C, Valtorta M, Tedeschi G, Galbusera E, Pastori V, Bigi A, Nonnis S, Grassi E, Fusi P. Neurobiol Dis. 2008 May;30(2): 190-200.
Abstract
In this work we investigate subcellular localization and proteolytic cleavage of different forms of ataxin-3 (AT-3), the protein responsible for spinocerebellar ataxia type 3. Normal (AT-3Q6 and AT-3Q26) and pathological (AT-3Q72) ataxins-3, as well as two truncated forms lacking poly-Q, were studied. Full-length proteins were also expressed as C14A mutants, in order to assess whether AT-3 autoproteolytic activity was involved in its fragmentation. We found that both normal and pathological proteins localized in the cytoplasm and in the nucleus, as expected, but also in the mitochondria. Microsequencing showed that all ataxins-3 underwent the same proteolytic cleavage, removing the first 27 amino acids. Interestingly, while normal ataxins were further cleaved at a number of caspase sites, pathological AT-3 was proteolyzed to a much lesser extent. This may play a role in the pathogenesis, hampering degradation of aggregation-prone expanded AT-3. In addition, autolytic cleavage was apparently not involved in AT-3 proteolysis.
摘要:本项研究针对SCA3的编码蛋白ataxin-3(AT-3),其不同片段形式在细胞中的定位和被蛋白水解酶切割的情况,包括正常(AT-3Q6和AT-3Q26)、致病(AT-3Q72)和两种缺失polyQ的截短形式的ataxin-3,同时表达C14A突变的全长ataxin-3,是为了鉴定突变的ataxin-3全长片段是否具有自我蛋白酶解活性。我们发现正常和致病蛋白都定位在胞浆和核内,另外还定位于线粒体中。蛋白序列分析显示:ataxin-3的所有片段形式都经过相同蛋白水解酶的切割,切割掉N端的27个氨基酸。有趣的是,正常ataxin-3可以在许多caspase位点进一步切割,而致病ataxin-3不能再进一步水解切割,这一现象可能对SCA3的发病具有重要作用,因为这种蛋白酶的水解效应可能阻碍了易于聚集的扩展ataxin-3的有效降解。另外,蛋白自身的酶解作用不参与ataxin-3的水解切割过程。

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