nature where surrounded by soft green plants with birds'twitter

and fragrance of flowers.So people try to imitate remote nature

within urban environment.In the early phase of landscape design

industry,landscape architecture became the representative or

symbol of nature.A park,a potted flower and a line of street

trees became illusion of nature deep in mind.

在美国，人们认为景观和自然是同一种事物，所以在精神层面上，景观

必须代表自然。美国人有一种观点：看不见人的景观就是好的景观(麦克

哈格)。于是，景观师设计的看上去“不自然”的景观就成为一个孤儿，他不

属于自然的范畴，沦为一个建筑的容器。

In the USA,landscape and nature are understood to be the

same thing,so that the general notion is that any built landscape

has a moral imperative to represent nature.Most Americans

believe that"A Good Landscape is One Where You Cannot See

the hand of Man"(Ian McHarg).As a result,the works done by

landscape architects but doesn't look like nature tumble out of the

nature category and into a nether-world where it becomes empty

space—a repository for our buildings and services.

一个缺乏想法和个性的景观不能称之为设计的景观。与其他设计行业

相比，景观设计还有很长一段路要走。人们在着装上追求个性，希望给人留

下过目不忘的印象：优雅、华贵、迷人、朴素、低调、激进、张扬等。服装设计

是人们辨别和认识品牌的重要依据，不同的服装设计还能体现特定的文化

内涵和表达喜好感和厌恶感。在重要场合，嘉宾的着装需要深思熟虑和仔细挑选，

尽量使自己区别于其他人，体现自身独特的身份地位、喜好和个性，女士撞衫还被认为

是件十分尴尬的事情。然而目前在景观界里，还缺少体现自我的设计氛围，缺少吸引人们眼球的

设计。设计师往往着重于体现自然而忽视了个性设计成分的存在，于是“撞衫”的情况也时有发

生。如同其他设计行业一样，景观设计需要设计师勇敢地表达新奇的想法和突出的个性。

A landscape lack of thoughts andindividuality shouldn't be called designed

landscape.Compared with other designindustries,landscape architecture is still in

premature stage.People want to expressthemselves and make impression

(graceful,charming,noble,simple,low-key,radical and etc.)by wearing

designed clothes.Costume design helpspeople to recognize brand names.

Different dress can let people know yourculture background,education

background,personality,favor and etc.On special occasions,guests have to

carefully think about their dress and pickthe ones can distinguish them from

others.It even is a seriousembarrassment if lady guests dress up

the same as others.However,inlandscape design industry,designers

sometimes feel reluctant to expresspersonality to attract eye balls.Landscape

designers usually emphasis on makingthings looked natural rather than creatively

designed.That's why,when people visitparks,gardens or city plazas,they may

feel that they have seen very similarthings somewhere else before.Just like

designers in other design industries,landscape architects have to fearlessly

express their creative ideas and distinctiveidentity.

西安世界园艺博览会的6号园是一个重在展示个性的设计。我们希望展示的不是美国的

传统景观，而是美国一贯坚持，并使美国强大的思想基础：个性自由与创新。经过多次推敲和探索，最终确定了“迷宫园”这个方案。灵感来自于欧洲的古典迷宫园和莫妮卡·博文悉尼(Monica

Bonvicini)的公共艺术品“透明公共洗手间”。西安的青砖墙是古典欧洲迷宫园里树篱的现代诠释代码。玛莎希望人们通过游园观赏体会到景观的重要元素不一定是软质的，硬质无生命的建筑材料也可以成为景观重要

的一部分。莫妮卡·博文悉尼“透明洗手间”的单向透视镜则是另一个创新选择。单向透视镜一面反光成像，而一面可以透视对方。这样出园的人们可以悄无声息地在暗处观察游人的行为和举动。

The design of Plot 6 of Xi'an 2011 IHE aims to expressdesigner's identity.What Mrs.Martha Schwarz wants to exhibitin the garden is not traditional American gardens,but

American's consistent ideologies:freedom and innovation.Through long exploration of variety of ideas,Martha chooses thevery distinctive idea:the Maze Garden.She was inspired bytraditional European maze garden and artist Monica Bonvicini'spublic art"Transparent Public Toilet".Xi'an's local grey brick wallis the modern interpretation of the hedge of traditional European

maze garden.Martha wants to let visitors understand thatimportant landscape elements don't have to be soft.They canalso be hard architectural elements.The one-way mirror of

Monica Bonvicini's public art is another Martha's innovativedecision.A transparent mirror has a mirror side which appearedfully reflective,and a glass side which provide a transparent viewing window,with littledistraction from reflections.Visitors in the dark corridor can observe people in thegarden without being noticed.

迷宫的“树篱”由一系列3m高，1.4m厚的青砖墙组成，它们把这个35m×35m的小花园分割

成6个狭长的小空间。由于每个“树篱”在平面上的角度都有所不同，所以围合空间的大小和形状

也各不相同。青砖墙每隔5m有个1m宽的拱门，且列阵完美。方便游客从自选的角度穿行于不同

走廊。每个走廊的2个末端都有3m高的大镜子，无限延伸走廊的长度。游人能够走进相邻的走

廊，但有时会闯入一个周围布满镜子的小房间，于是奇妙的事情发生了：无数个自己出现在面前，

你甚至会分不清方向和出口。也许这个时候，某个镜子后面就有游人正在观察着你，你的不知所

措和迷茫完全呈现在他们的面前。

The hedges of maze garden consist of a series of brick archways 1 meter wide

by 1.4 meter deep x 2.25 meters high.These hedges break this 35m×35m garden

down to 6 linear small corridor spaces.The archways occur every 5 meters and are

in perfect alignment between adjacent walls so that one can walk from corridor to

corridor at approximately right angles.The ends of corridors are fitted with 3 meter

high mirrors,creating an illusion of endless length.Usually visitors can pass into an

adjacent corridor,but sometimes they may be confronted with a little mirrored room or

other aberration to the rule.Then magical things happen.You will see endless

reflection of yourselves and be confused and lost in the mirror room.Meanwhile,there

may be some visitors behind the one-way mirror are watching you.Any of your

reaction in the mirror room and your confusion will be clearly seen by them.

人们看到的1.4m厚的墙其实是由2堵薄墙共同组成的，墙与墙之间留有1.1m宽的空隙，让垂

柳的树冠伸展出来，游人从墙外看到的只是3m高墙上柔软下垂的绿油油的柳枝。109棵垂柳均

等地分布在园子中，每棵垂柳的枝条上都系了许多大小不等的铜铃，每当微风拂过，柳枝摇曳，优

美的铃声随之响起。不经意间，游人也许会摘根低垂的柳条以留作游园的纪念。

The 1.4m thick wall is actually made up of two pieces of thin walls with 1.1m

cavity between them allowing willow crown showing up on the top.Visitors will only

see green soft willow branches hanging down from 3m high wall.There are 109

willow trees planted evenly in the garden with over 1 000 small tuned bronze bells

hung on their branches.Once there is wind blowing off the site,branches will sway

gently with lovely chime.Visitors may also pluck willow branches as souvenir.

空间微妙地变化着，伸展或者收缩，变宽或者变窄。镜子的反射更加夸大了空间变化的效

果。在镜子反射的幻境中，游人也许会迷失而不知所措，也许会停留欣赏片刻。游人在经过最后

一道拱门后进入一道封顶的黑暗走廊，走廊的北面立着约17.5m长，3m高的单向镜面。通过单向

镜面，游客看到的是一个大的三角形镜面空间，这里种有常绿的地被植物，还有垂柳相伴。虽然三

角形空间内只有几棵垂柳，但是经过无穷尽次镜子的反射，游客看到的是一个变幻多样、没有尽头

的绿色森林。

While walking in the garden,spaces will subtlyexpand,contract,and go into and out of alignment.

The mirror reflection even enhances and exaggeratesthe space changes.In the illusion created by reflection,visitors may be lost or stay for a while to enjoy the

scene.Across the last corridor,one enters a dark,roofed-over corridor at the back.There is 17.5 meterlong x 3 meter high panel of one-way mirror to thenorth of the dark corridor.Through one-way mirror,people will see a large,mirrored triangular space filledwith a grid of willow trees on a lush green plane of anevergreen groundcover.Due to the multiple reflectivesurfaces,although there are only a few trees within thetriangle little space,visitors are confronted with acomplex and perhaps bewildering vision of an endlessgreen forest just beyond the glass.

游客随后经过两旁的暗走廊走出花园。不经意间，游人会发现之前走廊尽端的镜子其实是单向镜。离开的游人能够在探索穿行的同时，通过单向镜面秘密地观察正在园内游园的游人的行为。迷宫里人们的各种活动和窘境，真实、原始、全面地展示在即将出园的游人面前。在即将结束游园之际，游人终于明白了镜子在迷宫园中的奥妙：一种真实反映自己的仪器。

Visitors leave via one of two flanking darkroofed-over exit corridors.One discovers along the way

that the mirrored end-walls of all the corridors one hadjust walked through are actually also one-way mirrors,and that one had been surreptitiously observed byothers from the way out all the while whilst exploringthe piece on the way in.People's activities,embarrassment and any real reactions will be clearlyshown to other people walking off from the darkcorridors.Just before visitors leave the maze garden,they will finally realize secrete of this maze garden:This garden is a devise to reveal your true self.

迷宫园的游园过程就像在看一部电影，人们把自己喜怒哀乐的真实情感毫无保留地在游园过程中展现出来。

The experience of the tour in the Maze Garden isjust like watching a movie that people reveal their trueemotion and reaction to others during the garden visit.

玛莎·施瓦茨、唐·夏普、周梁俊、詹姆斯·菲可西罗、玛缇娅·加

姆巴德拉、克丽斯特贝尔·李、杰克·沃克和丹·葛斯

Martha SCHWARTZ,Don SHARP,Liangjun ZHOU,

James FICOCIELLO,Mattia GAMBARDELLA,Christabel

LEE,Jake WALKER and Dan GASS