1 一般将来时的几种语法形式
 初中英语中表示一般将来时的语法形式有四种：shall/will＋动词原形；be going to＋动词原形；现在进行时和一般现在时。 
    现将这四种形式分述如下： 
    一. shall/will＋动词原形 
    1. will可用于所有人称，但shall 仅表示单纯将来时，用于第一人称I和we，作为will的一种替代形式。以You and I为主语时通常避免用shall。例如： 
    He will be back soon.  他很快就会回来。 
    I shall/will be free on Sunday.  星期天我有空。 
    You and I will work in the same factory.  你和我将在同一工厂工作。 

    2. will , shall可用来预言将来发生的事。如说出我们设想会发生的事，或者请对方预言将要发生什么事。例如： 
    It will rain tomorrow. 明天将要下雨。 

    3. will , shall除可表示单纯的将来时以外，还可以带有意愿的色彩，仍指的是将来。例如： 
    I’ll buy you a bicycle for your birthday. 你过生日时，我给你买一辆自行车。（表示允诺） 
    Will you open the door for me please? 请你帮我开门好吗？（表示请求） 
    Shall I get your coat for you?  我可以为你拿外套吗？（表示提议） 

    二. be going to＋动词原形 
    1. 表示说话人根据现在已有的迹象，判断将要或即将发生某种情况。这类句子的主语可以是人，也可是物。例如： 
    There is going to be a football match in our school tomorrow afternoon. 明天下午我们学校将有一场足球赛。（已有告示） 
    I feel terrible . I think I’m going to die. 我感到难受极了，我想我快不行了。 
    Look at those black clouds ! It’s going to rain. 看看那些乌云！天快要下雨了。 

    2. 表示主语现在的意图或现已作出的决定，即打算在最近或将来进行某事。这种意图或决定往往是事先经过考虑的。例如： 
He isn’t going to see his elder brother tomorrow. 他明天不准备去看他哥哥。 
    Mary is going to be a teacher when she grows up. 玛丽决定长大了当一名教师。 

    3. 只是单纯地预测未来的事，此时可与will互换。例如： 
    I think it is going to/will rain this evening. 我认为今晚要下雨。 
    注意：  
    （1）be going to和will在含义和用法上略有不同。be going to往往表示事先经过考虑的打算；will多表示意愿、决心。两者有时不能互换。例如： 
    He is studying hard and is going to try for the exams. 他正努力学习，准备参加考试。（不能用will替换） 
    —Can somebody help me? ——谁能帮我一下吗？ 

    —I will. ——我来。（不能用be going to替换） 

    （2）在if之后，通常不用will表示预言，但可以用be going to表示意图。例如： 
    If you are going to go to the cinema this evening , you’d better take your coat with you. 你若今晚去看电影，最好带着外套。 
    be going to也常可以用于主句之中。例如： 
    If you invite Jack , there’s going to be trouble. 如果你邀请杰克，那就要惹麻烦了。 
    如果表示将来的意愿，will可用于条件从句。此时will为情态动词。例如： 
If you will learn to play football , I’ll help you. 如果你想学踢足球，我可以帮你。 

    三. 现在进行时 
    表示位置转移的动词（如go，come，leave，start，arrive，return，send，move，travel，fly等）和其它几个动作动词（如do，begin，work，spend，play，stay，happen，have，finish，join，eat，die，meet等）常与现在进行时和表示将来的时间状语连用，表示在最近将要发生某事。这些事是事先安排好的。例如： 
    The Browns are coming to dinner tomorrow. 明天布朗夫妇要来吃晚饭。 

2 一般将来时的几种语法形式
     What are you doing tomorrow? 明天你做什么？ 
  The train is arriving at nine o’clock. 火车将在九点钟到。 
    在特定的上下文中，这类动词有时也可不带时间状语。例如： 
    —Come to school in your old clothes tomorrow . 
    —Why ? What’s happening ? 
    ——明天穿你的旧衣服来上学。 
    ——为什么？有什么事？ 

    四. 一般现在时 
    1. 动词be；表示位置转移的动词（如go，come，arrive，leave，return等）和表示“开始，结束”的动词（如start，begin，open，finish，end，close等）与一般现在时和表示将来的时间状语连用，表示时间表、节目单或日程表上所安排好的动作或事态将要发生，日程不易改变，口气肯定。例如： 
    School finishes on January 18th. 学期一月十八日结束。 
    Are you free next Tuesday evening? 下周二晚上你有空吗？ 
    The party starts at four thirty , doesn’t it? 晚会四点半开始，是吗？ 
    Mr Green leaves Beijing for home tomorrow. 格林先生定于明天离京返家。 

    2. 在由when，before，as soon as，until/till引导的时间状语从句和由if引导的条件状语从句中，常用一般现在时表示将来。例如： 
    If it doesn’t rain tomorrow , we’ll go to the East Lake. 如果明天不下雨，我们就去东湖。 
    I must finish my homework before my mother returns. 我必须在妈妈回来之前做完家庭作业。 

    3. 在hope后接表示将来时间的宾语从句中，也可用一般现在时代替一般将来时，hope的主语往往是第一人称。例如： 
    I hope you (will) have a good holiday. 我希望你假日愉快。 
    I hope he comes (will come). 我希望他会来。 

    练习：将下列句子改为将来时，相应地更改或增添时间状语。 
    (1) I write to him once a month . 
    (2) Lucy is working hard . 
    (3) At what time do you have dinner ? 
    (4) Don’t you play football on Saturdays ? 
    (5) Do you go to work by bus ? 
   答案： 
   (1) I shall/am going to write to him tomorrow . 
    (2) Lucy will/is going to work hard . 
    (3) At what time will you have dinner ? /At what time are you going to have dinner ? 
    (4) Won’t you play football on Saturdays ?/Aren’t you going to play football on Saturdays ? 
    (5) Will you go to work by bus ? /Are you going to go to work by bus ? 

英语学习—语法—一般将来时
谓语动词构成： I/ we shall be working

he/ she/ it/ you/ they will be working

(1) 表示人们确信某事肯定会发生

When I arrive at the airport, my whole family will be waiting for me.

全家人都会来机场迎接我.

I shall be traveling this time next year. 明年的这个时候我正好在旅行.

(2) 表示预测或希望某事会发生

When I get home, my wife will probably be watching TV.

到家时，我太太大概在看电视.

I hope it won’t still be raining when we have to go to school.

我希望到非得去上学的时候不要还是在下雨.

(3) 用于询问别人的安排，特别是当你想得到别人帮助的时候

Will you be passing the post office when you’re out?

你出去的时候会不会经过邮局？

Will you be using your bicycle tomorrow morning? 明天早上你会不会用自行车？
英语学习—语法—将来进行时
谓语动词构成： I/ we shall be working

he/ she/ it/ you/ they will be working

(1) 表示人们确信某事肯定会发生

When I arrive at the airport, my whole family will be waiting for me.

全家人都会来机场迎接我.

I shall be traveling this time next year. 明年的这个时候我正好在旅行.

(2) 表示预测或希望某事会发生

When I get home, my wife will probably be watching TV.

到家时，我太太大概在看电视.

I hope it won’t still be raining when we have to go to school.

我希望到非得去上学的时候不要还是在下雨.

(3) 用于询问别人的安排，特别是当你想得到别人帮助的时候

Will you be passing the post office when you’re out?

你出去的时候会不会经过邮局？

Will you be using your bicycle tomorrow morning? 明天早上你会不会用自行车？

 

各种时态专项练习题答案1
一般现在时专项练习
一、写出下列动词的第三人称单数
drink drank  go goes  stay stays  make  makes
look  looks  have has  pass passes carry carries
come comes  watch watches  plant plants fly flies
study studies brush biushes do does teach teaches
二、用am, is, are 填空
1. I am a boy. Are you a boy?   No, I am not.
2. The girl is Jack's sister.
3. The dog is tall and fat.
4. The man with big eyes is a teacher.
5. Is your brother in the classroom?
6. Where is your mother?   She is at home.
7. How is your father?
8. Mike and Liu Tao are at school.
9. Whose dress is this?
10. Whose socks are they?
11. Who am I?
12.Here is a scarf for you.
13. Here are some sweaters for you.
14. The black gloves are for Su Yang.
15. This pair of gloves is for Yang Ling.
16. Some tea is in the glass.
17. Are David and Helen from England?
18. There is a boy, two girls, three men and ten women in the park.
19. There is some bread on the plate.
20. Are there any kites in the classroom?
三、用括号内动词的适当形式填空。
1. He often has have) dinner at home.
2. David and Tom are (be) in Class One.
3. We don’t watch (not watch) TV on Monday.
4. Mike does’t go(not go) to the zoo on Sunday.
5. What do they often do（do) on Saturdays?
6. Mike likes (like) cooking.
7. You always do(do) your homework well.
8. I am (be) ill. I'm staying in bed.
9. Liu Tao does(do) not like PE.
10. The child often watches(watch) TV in the evening.
四、按照要求改写句子
1. David watches TV every evening.(改为否定句)
David doesn’t watch TV every evening.
2. I do my homework every day.(改为一般疑问句，作否定回答)
Do you do your homework every day?
3. She likes milk.(改为一般疑问句，作肯定回答)
Does she like milk?  Yes, she does.
4. Tom and David like going skating.(改为否定句)
Tom and David don’t like going skating.
5. He speaks English very well.(改为否定句)
He doesn’t speaks English very well.
6. I like taking photos in the park.(对划线部分提问)
Where do you like taking photos?
7. Jim comes from Canada.(对划线部分提问)
Where does Jim come from?
8. She is always a good student.(改为一般疑问句，作否定回答)
Is she always a good student? No, she isn’t.
五、改错(划出错误的地方，将正确的写在横线上)
1. Is your brother speak English?      Does
2. Does he likes going fishing?         like
3. He likes play games after class.    playing
4. Mr. Wu teachs us English.          teaches 
5. She don't do her homework on Sundays. doesn’t
 
现在进行时专项练习
一、写出下列动词的现在分词：
sit sitting run running swim swimming make making
go going like liking write writing read reading
have having sing singing dance dancing put putting
see seeing buy buying love loving live living
take taking come coming get getting begin beginning
二、用所给的动词的正确形式填空：
1.The boy is drawing ( draw)a picture now.
2. Listen .Some girls are singing( sing)in the classroom .
3. My mother is cooking  (cook )some nice food  now.
4. What are you doing ( do ) now?
5. Look . They are having ( have) an English lesson .
6.They aren’t watering (not ,water) the flowers now.
7.Look! the girls are dancing (dance )in the classroom .
 8.What is our granddaughter doing? She is listening (listen ) to music.
9. It's  5  o'clock now. We are having (have)supper now
10.Is Helen washing (wash )clothes? Yes ,she is .
三、句型转换：
1. They are doing housework .(分别改成一般疑问句和否定句)
They aren’t doing housework.
Are they doing housework?
2.I’m playing the football in the playground.(对划线部分进行提问)
What are you doing in the playground?
3．Tom is reading books in his study. (对划线部分进行提问)
Where is Tom reading books?
一般将来时专项练习
1. Nancy is going to go camping.（改否定）
Nancy isn’t going to go camping.
2. I’ll go and join them.（改否定）
I won’t go and  join them.
3. I'm going to get up at 6:30 tomorrow.（改一般疑问句）
Are you going to get up at 6:30 tomorrow?
4. We will meet at the bus stop at 10:30.（改一般疑问句）
Will you  meet at the bus stop at 10:30.
5. She is going to listen to music after school.（对划线部分提问）
What is she going to do  after school?
6. My father and mother are going to see a play the day after tomorrow.(同上)
Who are going to see a play the day after tomorrow.
二、用所给词的适当形式填空。
1. Today is a sunny day. We will have (have) a picnic this afternoon.
2. My brother will go (go) to Shanghai next week.
3. Tom often goes (go) to school on foot. But today is rain. He will go (go) to school by bike.
4. What do you usually do at weekends?
I usually watch (watch) TV and catch(catch) insects.
5. It's Friday today. What is she going to do(do) this weekend? She is going to watch(watch) TV and  (catch) insects.
6. What did(do) you do last Sunday? I picked (pick) apples on a farm.
 What did(do) next Sunday? I will milk(milk) cows.
7. Mary is going to visit (visit) her grandparents tomorrow.
8. Liu Tao flew (fly) kites in the playground yesterday.
9. David is going to give  (give) a puppet show next Monday.
10. I am planing (plan) for my study now.
 
一般过去时专项练习
一、写出下列动词的过去式
is\am was fly flew plant planted are were
drink drank play played go went make made
does did dance daced worry worried  ask asked
taste tasted eat ate draw drew  put put
throw threw kick kicked  pass passed do did
二、用be动词的适当形式填空
1．I was at school just now.
2．He was at the camp last week.
3．We were students two years ago.
4．They were on the farm a moment ago.
5．Yang Ling was eleven years old last year.
6．There was an apple on the plate yesterday.
7．There is some milk in the fridge on Sunday.
8．The mobile phone was on the sofa yesterday evening.
9．Look, there are lots of grapes here.
10．Today is the second of June. Yesterday was the first of June.
三、用动词的适当形式填空
1. I watch (watch) a cartoon on Saturday.
2. Her father read (read) a newspaper last night.
3. We went to zoo yesterday, we went to the park. (go)
4. Did you visit (visit) your relatives last Spring Festival?
5. Did he fly (fly) a kite on Sunday? Yes, he did.
6. What did she find (find) in the garden last morning?
 She found (find) a beautiful butterfly.
7. It was (be) Ben's birthday last Friday.
8. We all had (have) a good time last night.
9. She likes reading newspapers, but she read a book yesterday. (read)
10. He is playing football now, but they played basketball just now. (play)
四、句型转换
1. It was exciting.
否定句：It was not exciting.
一般疑问句：was it exciting?
肯、否定回答：Yes it was.  No,it wasn’t.
2. Su Hai took some photos at the Sports day.
否定句：Su Hai didn’t take any photos at the Sports day.
一般疑问句：Did Su Hai take any photos at the Sports day?
肯、否定回答：Yes,he did.  No,he didn’t.
3. Nancy went to school early.
否定句：Nancy didn't go to school early.
一般疑问句：Did Nancy go to school early?
肯、否定回答:Yes,she did.  No,she didn’t.
 
现在完成时专项练习
一、用所给动词的适当形式填空。
1.I have already seen(see)the film.I saw(see)it last week.
2.Has he finished(finish) his work today ? Not yet .
3.Have you been(be)to Hong Kong ?Yes,I have been(be)there twice .
4.I have worked (work) here since 1999.
5.How long have the Wangs stayed(stay) here?For two weeks.
二、句型转换(每空一词)。
1.I have been to Macau before.(改为否定句)
  I have not been to Macau before.
2.He hasn't come to school because he's ill.   (就划线部分提问)
Why hasn’t he come to school?
3.He has learned English for 5 years.(就划线部分提问)
How long has he learned English ?
4.We began to learn English three years ago.(改为同义句)
We have learned English for three years
5.He has never gone here, has he?（改成反意疑问句）
三、用for 或since填空。
1. Jill has been in Beijing since Monday.
2. Jill has been in Beijing for three days.
3. My aunt has lived in Australia for 15 days.
4. Margaret is in her office.She has been there since 7 o'clock.
5. The bus is late.We've been waiting for 20 minutes.
6. Nobody lives in those houses.They have been empty for many years.
7. Mike has been ill for a long time. He has been in hospital since October
8. Mrs Li has been in hospital since last week.
9.I have stayed at my aunt’s for two weeks.
四、用have gone或 have been
1) Where are the students ? They have gone to the school factory.
2) Is your father in? No, he has gone to Shenzhen.
Has he ever been there before?Yes, he has been there several times.

 一般将来时的几种语法形式

　　初中英语中表示一般将来时的语法形式有四种：shall/will＋动词原形；be going to＋动词原形；现在进行时和一般现在时。现将这四种形式分述如下：

　　一、shall/will＋动词原形

　　1. will可用于所有人称，但shall 仅表示单纯将来时，用于第一人称I和we，作为will的一种替代形式。以You and I为主语时通常避免用shall. 例如：

　　He will be back soon.  他很快就会回来。

　　I shall/will be free on Sunday.  星期天我有空。

　　You and I will work in the same factory.  你和我将在同一工厂工作。

　　2. will，shall可用来预言将来发生的事。如说出我们设想会发生的事，或者请对方预言将要发生什么事。例如：

　　It will rain tomorrow. 明天将要下雨。

　　3. will，shall除可表示单纯的将来时以外，还可以带有意愿的色彩，仍指的是将来。例如：

　　I'll buy you a bicycle for your birthday. 你过生日时，我给你买一辆自行车。（表示允诺）

　　Will you open the door for me please？请你帮我开门好吗？（表示请求）

　　Shall I get your coat for you？ 我可以为你拿外套吗？（表示提议）

　　二、be going to＋动词原形

　　1. 表示说话人根据现在已有的迹象，判断将要或即将发生某种情况。这类句子的主语可以是人，也可是物。例如：

　　There is going to be a football match in our school tomorrow afternoon. 明天下午我们学校将有一场足球赛。（已有告示）

　　I feel terrible.I think I'm going to die. 我感到难受极了，我想我快不行了。

　　Look at those black clouds！It's going to rain. 看看那些乌云！天快要下雨了。

　　2. 表示主语现在的意图或现已作出的决定，即打算在最近或将来进行某事。这种意图或决定往往是事先经过考虑的。例如：

　　He isn't going to see his elder brother tomorrow. 他明天不准备去看他哥哥。

　　Mary is going to be a teacher when she grows up. 玛丽决定长大了当一名教师。

　　3. 只是单纯地预测未来的事，此时可与will互换。例如：

　　I think it is going to/will rain this evening. 我认为今晚要下雨。

　　注意：

　　（1）be going to和will在含义和用法上略有不同。be going to往往表示事先经过考虑的打算；will多表示意愿、决心。两者有时不能互换。例如：

　　He is studying hard and is going to try for the exams. 他正努力学习，准备参加考试。（不能用will替换）

　　—Can somebody help me？ ——谁能帮我一下吗？

　　—I will. ——我来。（不能用be going to替换）

　　（2）在if之后，通常不用will表示预言，但可以用be going to表示意图。例如：

　　If you are going to go to the cinema this evening，you'd better take your coat with you. 你若今晚去看电影，最好带着外套。

　　be going to也常可以用于主句之中。例如：

　　If you invite Jack，there's going to be trouble. 如果你邀请杰克，那就要惹麻烦了。

　　如果表示将来的意愿，will可用于条件从句。此时will为情态动词。例如：

　　If you will learn to play football，I'll help you. 如果你想学踢足球，我可以帮你。

　　三、现在进行时

　　表示位置转移的动词（如go，come，leave，start，arrive，return，send，move，travel，fly等）和其它几个动作动词（如do，begin，work，spend，play，stay，happen，have，finish，join，eat，die，meet等）常与现在进行时和表示将来的时间状语连用，表示在最近将要发生某事。这些事是事先安排好的。例如：

　　The Browns are coming to dinner tomorrow. 明天布朗夫妇要来吃晚饭。

　　What are you doing tomorrow？ 明天你做什么？

　　The train is arriving at nine o'clock. 火车将在九点钟到。

　　在特定的上下文中，这类动词有时也可不带时间状语。例如：

　　—Come to school in your old clothes tomorrow .

　　—Why？What's happening ？

　　——明天穿你的旧衣服来上学。

　　——为什么？有什么事？

　　四、一般现在时

　　1. 动词be；表示位置转移的动词（如go，come，arrive，leave，return等）和表示“开始，结束”的动词（如start，begin，open，finish，end，close等）与一般现在时和表示将来的时间状语连用，表示时间表、节目单或日程表上所安排好的动作或事态将要发生，日程不易改变，口气肯定。例如：

　　School finishes on January 18th. 学期一月十八日结束。

　　Are you free next Tuesday evening？ 下周二晚上你有空吗？

　　The party starts at four thirty，doesn't it？ 晚会四点半开始，是吗？

　　Mr Green leaves Beijing for home tomorrow. 格林先生定于明天离京返家。

　　2. 在由when，before，as soon as，until/till引导的时间状语从句和由if引导的条件状语从句中，常用一般现在时表示将来。例如：

　　If it doesn't rain tomorrow，we’ll go to the East Lake. 如果明天不下雨，我们就去东湖。

　　I must finish my homework before my mother returns. 我必须在妈妈回来之前做完家庭作业。

　　3. 在hope后接表示将来时间的宾语从句中，也可用一般现在时代替一般将来时，hope的主语往往是第一人称。例如：

　　I hope you（will）have a good holiday. 我希望你假日愉快。

　　I hope he comes（will come）. 我希望他会来。

 

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　　练习：将下列句子改为将来时，相应地更改或增添时间状语。

　　（1） I write to him once a month .

　　（2） Lucy is working hard .

　　（3） At what time do you have dinner ？

　　（4） Don't you play football on Saturdays ？

　　（5） Do you go to work by bus ？

　　答案：

　　（1） I shall/am going to write to him tomorrow .

　　（2） Lucy will/is going to work hard .

　　（3） At what time will you have dinner？/At what time are you going to have dinner ？

　　（4） Won't you play football on Saturdays ？/Aren't you going to play football on Saturdays ？

　　（5） Will you go to work by bus？/Are you going to go to work by bus ？