美国儿童营养计划WIC项目的最新报告

 

今天读文献，是结合音频摘要进行的。我先将摘要音频内容听写出来，最后英译汉。今天读文献的内容是关于美国WIC计划，旨在帮助儿童及其家庭建立健康的饮食模式。该项目很有借鉴意义。成年的慢性疾病越来越高发，健康饮食模式越来越重要，健康的饮食习惯要从小抓起。今天我们就边听边读吧。

音频资料

美国儿童营养计划WIC项目.mp3

来自永军文献学习笔记

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我是希瑟·哈姆纳医生，是疾病控制和预防中心营养、体育活动和肥胖部门的健康科学家。 

I'm Doctor Heather Hamner, A health scientist of the division of nutrition physical activity and obesity at the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. 

我在这里讨论《儿科》杂志文章《12-23个月儿童饮食摄入：WIC调查报告》。WIC项目是针对妇女、婴儿和弱势人群的美国特殊补充营养计划，提供营养教育咨询、营养食品、母乳喂养支持和妇女保健转诊等服务。在美国，该项目特别针对那些低收入、怀孕或产后者。 

I'm here to talk about the pediatrics article food and beverage intake among children 12 to 23 months of age by WIC status, a USA special supplemental nutrition program for women, infants and children or weak, provides nutrition education counseling, nutritious foods, breast-feeding support and referrals to healthcare and other services for women in the US who are low income and pregnant or postpartum. 

 它还为存在营养风险的低收入家庭的儿童（从出生到五岁）提供服务。 

It also provides services for low income children from birth to five years of age who were in nutritional risk. 

 2014年，约有一半的婴儿和四分之一的1至4岁儿童参加了WIC。 

In 2014, about half of all infants and about a quarter of all one to four-year-olds participating in WIC. 

 2009年，WIC计划修订了其食品提供计划，以符合最新的营养科学。 

In 2009, the WIC program revised its food packages to align with updated nutrition science. 

儿科医生和其他医疗专业人员将想知道这些修订可能会对儿童的饮食产生怎样的影响。 

Pediatricians and other healthcare professionals will want to know how these revisions might impact how children are eating. 

今天，我将讨论一项研究，研究WIC项目儿童与非WIC项目儿童在12到23个月龄期问饮食摄入上的差异。 

Today I'm going to talk about a study that looked at the differences in food and beverage intake among children 12 to 23 months of age by whether or not the child was participating in WIC. 

我们研究这个年龄段是因为这个年龄段还没有被评估过。 

We looked at this age because this age group has not been evaluated yet. 

我们知道早期的饮食模式对以后的饮食行为和健康至关重要。 

We also know how important early dietary patterns are for later dietary behaviors and health outcomes. 

例如，研究人员已经表明，不吃水果和蔬菜的幼儿甚至在六岁后也会继续这样的模式。 

For example, researchers have shown that young children who did not eat fruits and vegetables very often continue that pattern even six years later. 

在我们的研究中，我们研究了三类儿童：参加WIC的儿童、有资格但没有参加WIC的儿童和没有资格参加WIC的儿童。 

For our study, we looked at three categories of children: those who were participating in WIC, those who are eligible but not for participating in WIC and those who were not eligible for WIC.  

我们发现，参加WIC有助于减少某食品类别的日消费差异。 

We found that participation in WIC may help reduce disparities in the consumption of certain food categories on a given day. 

例如，与参加WIC或不参加WIC的儿童相比，符合条件但不参加WIC的儿童食用不同的食物，如蔬菜和蔬菜（不包括白土豆）。 

For example, a lower percentage of children who are eligible but not participating in WIC were eating different foods like greens and vegetables (excluding white potatoes）compared to children participating in WIC or children not eligible for WIC. 

儿科医生在帮助儿童及其家庭建立健康的饮食模式、确定符合WIC条件的儿童、鼓励他们参与并坚持该计划时，可以发挥重要作用，这可能会对他们以后的饮食行为和健康结果产生积极影响。 

Pediatricians can play an important role when it comes to helping children and their families establish healthy dietary patterns identifying children eligible for WIC and encouraging them to participate and stay in the program could have positive impacts on their later dietary behaviors and health outcomes. 

这项研究有一些局限性。 

There are some limitations to the study. 

这项研究着眼于某一时刻的观察结果，可能并不代表孩子通常吃什么。 

The study looks at one moment in time and may not represent what a child usually eats. 

 饮食数据可能难以估计。 

Dietary data can be difficult to estimate.  

我们依赖父母和照顾者报告他们的孩子饮食情况，但他们可能不知道全部情况。 

We rely on parents and caregivers to report with their child ate and they might not know everything. 

最后，我们没调查儿童在一个时期的饮食情况，只看他们在一天吃了什么。 

Lastly we did not look at how much children were eating only what food they ate on a given day. 

 参加WIC可能有助于减少幼儿与饮食相关的差异，是可靠的信息来源。 

Participation in WIC could potentially help reduce some diet related disparities among young children and is a trusted source of information. 

 儿科医生和医疗专业人员应鼓励健康或患病儿童参与WIC项目。 

Pediatricians and healthcare professionals have an opportunity to encourage participation and continued participation in the WIC program during well or sick child visits. 

 WIC项目可以帮助所有符合条件的儿童获得有关营养的服务和支持，帮助改善他们的健康和营养状况。 

The WIC program can help all children who are eligible get services and support around nutrition to help improve their health and nutritional status.

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文献作者：

Hamner HC, Paolicelli C, Casavale KO,  et al 

单位： 

Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia 

文献来源： 

Pediatrics 2019年暂未分卷 

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