牛津高二英语Module 7Unit 2 Grammar and usage学案
(2012-02-29 14:48:22)
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牛津短语动词介词副词不及物动词杂谈 |
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牛津高二英语M7U2
Grammar and usage
第一部分:重点讲解
短语动词通常以动词为中心,通常由动词加副词或介词构成。英语中大量短语动词难以从字面意义上来判定其释义,很多时候应根据具体语境判断它们的意义。有的短语动词相当于及物动词,有的则相当于不及物动词。
1 短语动词的构成
2 短语动词使用时须注意的几点
(1) 在短语动词中,副词可以放在动词宾语前或后。但是如果宾语是代词,则应放在动词和副词之间。如:
This method is very new and you can try it out to solve the hard
problem.
这种方法相当新,你可以试着用它去解决那个难题。
(2)在带有介词的短语动词中,介词的宾语总是紧随其后的。
We have brought in a good harvest for three years .
我们已经连续三年获得了丰收。
We’ve just come across an old friend we haven’t seen for
ages.
我们刚碰到了一位多年不见的老朋友。
Please keep away from the scene of the accident before the police
come.
在警察来之前,请勿靠近事故现场。
The manager expects everyone to get down to his work after the
national holidays.
经理要求大家国庆假期之后开始专心工作。
(3)有些短语动词后并不需要跟宾语,这时他们相当于不及物动词。如:
Mr Wang’s new car broke down and he had to go to work by bike
again.
王先生的新汽车坏了,他不得不又骑自行车去上班。
The crowd broke up after the football games.
足球比赛结束后,人们四处散开。
(4)同一动词,后面跟不同的副词或介词构成意思不同的短语动词。如:
(5)一些短语动词,具有多种释义,需要根据全句语境对他们作出恰当理解。如:
Hurry up,children!The plane will take off very soon.(起飞)
After entering the room,he took off his coat .(脱下)
The boss told him that he would take two weeks off in
November.(休假)
Interrupted by hankers,the computer system of that company has
broken down.(瘫痪)
Negotiations(谈判) between the boss and workers have broken
down失败)
常见短语:
answer for
agree with
同意(某人)
agree to同意(建议)
agree on
达成一致
aim
at瞄准
ask
for请求