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名词性从句
一、考点聚焦
1、名词性从句中连接词的运用
　　名词性从句中的连接词有连词that / whether / as if，连接代词what / who/ whom / which / whose / whatever / whoever / whomever / whichever，连接副词where / when / why / how / wherever / whenever。
That the driver could not control his war was obvious.
Whether he left (or not) is unknown
连接代词who, whom, whose, what, which, whoever, whatever, whichever
连接副词 where, when, how, why。
   如：The problem is who we can get to replace her.
The question is how he did it.
T     hat was what she did this morning on reaching the attic.
What she did is not yet known.
How this happened is not clear to anyone.
Whoever comes is welcome.
Wherever you are is my home ---- my only home
Who or what he was, Martin never learned.
I wonder what he’s writing to me about.。
I’ll tell you why I asked you to come.
You may do what you will.
The question who should do the work requires consideration.
We haven't yet settled the question where we are going to spend our summer vacation.
It is a question how he did it.
*注意几个词的用法、．that,what和which who,whoever,whom和whomever
that引导名词性从句时只起连接从句的作用,本身没有任何意义,因此在从句中不充当任何句子成分，what与which引导名词性从句时都在从句中充当句子的某一成份,如主语、表语、宾语或定语,其区别是:what表示泛指的事物,常译为"什么"或"所……的事物", whatever是它的强语势"无论什么";which表示特定事物中的"哪一个(些)",一般情况下在从句中充当定语,后接名词,在一定的语境中,它所修饰的名词可以省略,whichever是它的强语势"无论哪一个(些)"。例如:
The trouble is that we are short of money.
I believe what (whatever) he says. 我相信他说的(不管他说什么我都相信)。
I will give her which (whichever) book she likes on the shelf. 这个书架上的(任何一本)书,只要她喜欢,我都会给她。
在引导名词性从句时,在句中作主语时用who,意思是"谁",含有疑问意味,whoever是它的强语势"无论谁",不含有疑问意味。作宾语时用whom, 其相应强语势为whomever。判别时要根据句意以及在句中的语法功能来决定该用哪个引导词。例如:
Who has taken away my bag is unknown.谁拿走了我的包还不知道。(若用Whoever显然句意不通)
Whoever wants to see this film can go with us tonight. 无论谁想看这部电影今晚可以和我们一起去.(Whoever wants 相当于Anybody who wants,意为"凡是想……的人"。这里不可换为Who。)
Have you decided whom you are to nominate as your candidate? 你们是否已经决定提名谁作侯选人了?
You can give the ticket to whomever you like. 你可以把票给任何你想给的人。
2.名词性从句中主句和从句的时态一致
　　（1）宾语从句中主句和从句的时态保持一致，但如果从句中表示提示的是客观     现象，虽然主句是过去时态，从句仍用一般现在时。如：
　　Hello,I didn't know you were in London. How long have you been here?
　　The teacher told us that light travels at a very high speed.
　　（2）主语从句作主语相当于单数第三人称作主语，谓语动词用单数，如果由and 连接两个或两个以上的主语从句作主语时，谓语动词用复数；由两个或多个连接词引导一个主语从句，谓语动词用单数。如：
　　When the meeting will begin has not been decided yet.
　　When they will start and where they go have not been decided yet.
　　When and where the meeting will begin has not been decided.
　3、名词性从句的词序
　　名词性从句在句中要用陈述句语序。如：
　　He asked me what was the matter with me.
　　We've heard the news that we'll move into the new house.
　　Whatever you say will interest us all.
练习
1."Is Mary from New York City " "I don't know _______."
A. from what city does she come from  B. from what city she come
C. what city does she come from    D. what city she comes from
2.________ makes mistakes must correct them.
A. What   B. That    C. Whoever   D. Whatever
3. The reason why I didn't go to Shanghai was ________ a new job.
A. because I got   B. because of getting  C. I got  D. that I got
4 It worried her a bit ____ her hair was turning grey.
A. while   B. that   C. if    D. for
5. Henry killed the dog. I'll ask him why ________.
A. did he do that  B. he did that  C. he did D. he has done so
6. It is generally considered unwise to give a child ____ he or she wants.
A. however   B. whatever   C. whichever   D. whenever
7 When and why he came here ________ yet.
A. is not known  B. are not known  C. has not known D. have not bee
8.I wonder how much ________.
A. does the watch cost B. did the watch cost C. the watch costed D. the watch costs
9. Mary is ________ someone might recognize her.
A. afraid of    B. afraid about   C. afraid that  D. afraid for
10 I don't doubt ________ he'll come.
A. that   B. if    C. what    D. whether
11"Why did you go to the wrong class, Mr. Wang "
"Well, I forget _______ I was supposed to go to."
A. which the room B. which room C. what was the room D. what room was it
12._______ surprised me most was ________ such a little boy of seven could play the violin so well.
A. That...what  B. What...that  C. That...which  D. What...which
13. She is pleased with what you have given him and ________ you have told him.
A. that    B. which    C. all what    D. all that
14. Excuse me would you please tell me ________
A. when the sports meet is taken place B. when is the sports meet going to be held
C. when is the sports meet to begin  D. when the sports meet is to take place
15. He didn't know which room ________.
A. they lived B. they lived in   C. did they live  D. did they live in
16. The little boy ate ________ his mother gave him.
A. that    B. which    C. whatever   D. no matter what
17. The city is no longer ________.
A. what it is   B. that it used to be  C. which it was D. what it used to be
18. My parents used ________ they had to get a new car for me.
A. which   B. that   C. what    D. all what
19.________ we go swimming every day ________ us a lot of good.
A. If...do   B. That...do  C. If...does  D. That...does
20.One of the men held the view ________ the book said was right.
A. what that  B. that what   C. that which  D. which that
21 I have no idea ________ or not he has finished the work.
A. if   B. that     C. whether    D. which
22. They discussed ________ they could settle the problem without others' help.
A. if   B. that    C. what    D. whether
23. - May I borrow the ring   - You can take _______ you like.
A. no matter what B. which C. whichever D. that
24. Do you know ________ he expects will give us a talk
A. who   B. whom   C. that    D. whose
25 It's uncertain ________ the experiment is worth doing.
A. if   B. that   C. whether   D. how
26_______ the boy didn't take medicine made his mother angry.
A. That   B. What   C. How   D. Which
27____ we can't get seems better than ____ we have.
A. What, what B. What, that C. That, that D. That, what
28.____ you don't like him is none of my business.
A. What   B. Who   C. That   D. Whether
29.____ we'll go camping tomorrow depends on the weather.
A. If   B. Whether   C. That   D. Where
30________he really means is ________he disagrees with us.
A. What … that B. That … what  C. Why … that  D. If … what
31._________is going to do the job will be decided by the Party committee.
A. That   B. Why   C. How   D. Who
32______the house will be built will be discussed at tomorrow's meeting.
A. If   B. Where   C. That   D. What
33_______he won't go there is clear to all of us.
A. How   B. What   C. Why   D. This
34._______you come or not is up to you.
A. What   B. If   C. Why   D. Whether
35_______makes mistakes must correct them.
A. Who    B. Anyone    C. Whoever    D. Anybody
36_______team will win the match is a matter of public concern.
A. Which   B. That    C. If    D. How
37.Three days later, word came ____our country had sent up another man-made satellite.
A. which    B. when    C. that     D. where
38The problem is ________will go to the meeting.
A. why    B. when    C. what    D. who
39It looks _______ it were going to rain.
A. even if    B. as if    C. even though    D. like
40.That is _______ he likes the place so much.
A. that B. what C. why D. how
41hat is ______ Lu Xun once lived.
A. what B. where C. that D. why
42We thought _______ strange that Tom did not come yesterday.
A. that B. it C. this D. what
43.The fact _______ she had not said anything surprised all of us.
A. which   B. what    C. that    D. how
44What I'm considering now _________ the money we need.
A. is    B. are    C. were    D. was
45Can you tell me __________
A. who is that gentleman  B. that gentleman is who
C. who that gentleman is   D. whom is that gentleman
46________leaves the room last ought to turn off the lights.
A. Anyone B. The person C. Whoever D. Who
47. It is well known _________ a person eats causes changes in the body.
A. that what, when, and how  B. that  C. what  D. how
48The energy is ________ makes the cells able to do their work.
A. that B. which C. what D. such
49. Jack was soon told ________ he did was not necessary.
A. why B. that C. how D. what
50We should think carefully about ________ Mr. Needham said at the meeting.
A. that     B. what    C. which     D. X
51 Can you point out ________ two radios are the best
A. which    B. what   C. that    D. whether
52 ________ you have seen things like these before doesn't matter.
A. If     B. Whether    C. What    D. When
53. I asked her in English ______ she was, and she told me _____ she was an actress.
A. who…that  B. who…X   C. what…X  D. how…that
54. We think it possible __ the local government will be able to solve the housing problem.    A. for    B. that     C. when     D. how
55Now there is a danger _____ the ground may fall in (沉下) under the heavy traffic.
A. whether    B. if    C. X     D. that
56. At that time I had no idea ________ I could hand it to him without being seen.
A. if    B. how    C. which    D. that how
57. Last Sunday he promised ________ today, but he hasn't appeared yet.
A. that he would come     B. that he will come
C. he will come to see me  D. whether he would come
58 Last Sunday he made a promise _____ he was free he would take me to Qingdao.
A. if    B  . that     C. that if    D. whether
59Do you have any idea ________
A. when Miss Smith will arrive   B. when will Miss Smith arrive
C. how will Miss Smith arrive    D. why hasn't Miss Smith arrived
60Do you know ________
A. what is this used for B. what this is used for
C. which this is used D. that this is used for
61 ________ surprised me most was ________.
A. That…that she spoke Japanese so well
B. What…how could she speak Japanese so well
C. What…that she spoke Japanese so well
D. That…why she could speak Japanese so well
62We were greatly amused by ________.
A. what you have told us   B. which you had told us
C. what you told us        D. that you told us
63. ________ Tom liked to eat was different from ________.
A. That…that you had expected   B. What …that you had expected
C. That…what you had expected    D. What…what you had expected