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牛津英语必修1定语从句难点结构辨析
定语从句难点结构辨析
难点一、定语从句与并列句用法比较
在两个分句中，如果后一分句的主语指代前一分句中某一名词或整个句子内容，且没有并列连词连接连接两个分句。这时，后一分句常用关系代词who,which, whose引导非限制性定语从句；如果两个分句间有and等并列连词连接，这时，后一分句常用人称代词或it，that 代指前一分句中的某一名词或整个句子的内容，构成并列句结构。
用适当代词填空：
(1) He came to school late this morning, _________, of course, made his teacher unhappy.
(2) He came to school late this morning, and _________, of course, made his teacher unhappy.
(3) He paid the boy $10 for washing the windows, most of ___________ hadn’t been cleaned for at least a year.
(4) He paid the boy $10 for washing the windows, and most of __________ hadn’t been cleaned for at least a year.
(5) I have heard from my father, __________ is in America.
(6) I have heard from my father, and __________ is in America.
(7) Soon they came to a farmhouse, __________ roof was much higher than others.
(8) Soon they came to a farmhouse, and __________ roof was much higher than others.
(1) which (2) it/ that (3) which (4) them (5) who (6) he (7) whose (8) its
难点二、定语从句与分词结构用法比较
   在同一个句子结构中，如果含有两个谓语动词，一般来说，置于中心名词后作修饰语的动词或动词短语常用分词作后置短语，也可转换成相应的定语从句。如果中心名词为动作的执行者，常用现在分词作后置定语。这时，现在分词可转换成一般现在（过去）时或现在（过去）进行时的定语从句结构。如果中心名词为动作的被执行者，常用过去分词作后置短语。这时，过去分词可转换成被动语态的一般过去时或进行时的定语从句结构。
 (1) There was a terrible noise __________ the sudden burst of light. (follow)
 (2) There was a terrible noise that __________ the sudden burst of light. (follow)
 (3) The farmers ___________ here are not afraid of snakes. (labor)
 (4) The farmers who are ___________ here are not afraid of snakes. (labor)
 (5) The Olympic Games, first ____________ in 776 B.C.,didn’t include women players until 1912. (play)
 (6) The Olympic Games, which first ____________ in 776 B.C.,didn’t include women players until 1912. (play)
 (7) The bridge ___________ here now is about 1000 meters long. (build)
 (8) The bridge which (that)___________ here now is about 1000 meters long. (build)
 (1) following; (2) followed; (3) laboring; (4)laboring (5)played (6) was played (7)being built (8) is being built
难点三、定语从句与强调句句式结构用法比较
由it 引导的句型结构，常可构成强调句或定语从句，两者极易混淆。一般来说，如果将it is / was… 与连接词去掉，句子仍然正确，就为强调句型。这时，就选用that 连接词；否则，就为定语从句，其关系词的选择，应根据先行词与从句的关系而定。
根据下列句子结构，在空白处填上适当的关系词：
（1）It is on the island _________ they spent 10 years.(强调句)
（2）It is the island _________ they spent 10 years.(定语从句)
（3）It is on the date __________ she went abroad. (强调句)
（4）It is the date __________ she went abroad. (定语从句)
(1) that (2) where / on which (3) that (4)when / on which
难点四、定语从句与名词性从句句式结构用法比较
        定语从句常易与主语从句、表语从句、宾语从句和同位语从句等名词性从句相混淆。判断的方法是：由关系代词或副词引起的句子直接充当句中某一成分，即为名词性从句；如果这个句子修饰前面的一个名词即先行词指代整个句子的内容，即为定语从句。
    根据下列句子结构，在空白处填上适当的关系词：
   （1_________ is known to us all, the Great Wall of China is one of the seven  wonders in the world.
    (2 ) ____________ is known to us all that the Great Wall of China is one of the seven  wonders in the world.
   （3）Shenzhen is no longer ____________ it used to be.
    (4 ) Please tell me ___________ he didn’t attend the meeting.
    (5 ) Please tell me the reason ___________ he didn’t attend the meeting.
    (6 ) The fact puzzles me much ___________ I have been unable to pass the driving test up to now.
   (7) Do you understand the easier fact __________ he explained to you just now?
   (1) As; (2) It (3) what (4) why (5) why (6) that (7) that/ which
难点五、定语从句与状语从句句式结构用法比较
        定语从句常易与结果状语从句或地点状语从句混淆。一般来说，如果连接从句的连接词在从句中指代先行词充当某一成分，即为定语从句。反之，仅起连接作用，即为状语从句。
    根据下列句子结构，在空白处填上适当的关系词：
(1)Would you please put the book back in the place __________ it should be?
(2) Would you please put the book back __________ it should be?
(3) It is such a modern machine ___________ few of the workers know how to operate it.
(4) It is such a modern machine ___________ few of the workers know how to operate.
(1) where (2) where (3) that (4) as