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外研版初三英语（上）学案
Module 9 Cartoon stories
【重点单词】
1. word  n. 言语   2. heaven  n.天堂  3. private  adj. 私人的4. everywhere  adv. 到处都是  5. handbag  n. 手提包  6. favourite  n. 喜欢的东西/人 
7. boss  n.老板  8.surface  n.表面  9. single adj.单身的，单独的
10. able  adj. 有能力的
【词汇拓展】
1. ending (n.) →end (v.) →opening (n.) 开场白，开始
2. laughing (adj.) →laugh (v.) 嘲笑→laughable (adj.) 荒唐可笑的；荒谬的→laughingly (adv.) 带笑地；笑着
3. deep (adj.) →deeply (adv.) 深深地
4. heaven (n.) →heavenly (adj.) 天国的；天堂的
5. lovable (adj.) →cute (adj.) 可爱的；迷人的→love (v.) 喜爱→lovely (adj.)迷人的
6. private (adj.) →privatize (v.) 使私有化→public (adj.)公共的
7. cartoon →cartoonist (n.) 漫画家
8. creator (n.) →creat (v.)创造→creative (adj.) 有创造的→creation (n.)创造；创建
9. exactly (adv.) →exact (adj.) 精确的；准确的
10. able (adj.) →unable (adj.) 不能的→ably (adv.) 能干地
【重点短语】
1. over there 那边     2. have a word with sb. 和某人说几句话
3. ever since 从……开始      4. be able to 能够
5. in deep trouble 有大麻烦    6. a happy ending 一个圆满结局
7. win one’s heart 赢得某人的喜欢     8. fall in love with sb. 爱上某人
9. make into…制作成…        10. work on doing 从事……
重点句子：
The cartoon (which / that) I like have lots of jokes.
我喜欢有许多笑话的卡通。
Perhaps it’ll be a cartoon which has a happy ending.
或许这将是一个有圆满结局的卡通故事。
But it is above all the jokes played by the monkey that people remember.
但是，人们印象最深的是孙悟空所做的恶作剧。
【重点语法】
定语从句（3）— 引导词的省略
引导定语从句的关系代词有who, whom, whose, which, that； 关系副词有where, when, why。它们都在定语从句中担任句子成分。现分述如下：
1. 定语从句如果修饰人，常常用关系代词who，有时也用that(作主语时多用  
   who)。例如：
　　He is a man who / that often helps others. 他是一位经常帮助别人的人。
　　如果这个关系代词在从句中作宾语， 就应当用whom或that， 但这种情
况往往都可以把引导词省略，且在口语中可用who代替whom。例如：
　　Here is the man (whom / that / who) you would like to see.
这就是你想见的那个人。
　　值得注意的是，如果是在介词的后面就只能用whom。例如：
　　The boy to whom I spoke is my brother.
刚才和我说话的那个男孩是我弟弟。
　　如果表示“……的”时，就用who的所有格whose。例如：
　　Is there anyone in our class whose father is a doctor?
我们班有谁的父亲是当医生的吗？
　　whose的先行词也可是物。例如：
　　The house whose windows face the street is my uncle’s.
窗户面朝街的那座房子是我叔叔的。
2. 定语从句如果修饰“物”，用关系代词that的时候较多，有时也用which。
例如： It’s a computer which / that costs six thousand yuan.
这是一台价值六千元的电脑。
　　当这个代词在从句中用作宾语时，往往都会把它省略。例如：
　　The present(that / which) you gave me is very beautiful.
你给我的那件礼物非常漂亮。
　　在介词的后面只能用which。例如：
　　This is the book about which they are talking.
这就是他们正在谈论的那本书。
3. 定语从句修饰一个表示时间的词时，用关系副词when。例如：
　　I will never forget the day when I met her.
我将永远不会忘记我见到她的那一天。
4. 定语从句修饰地点名词时，用关系副词where。例如：
　　This is the place where we lived for five years.
这就是我们曾经住过五年的地方。
5. 定语从句修饰一个表示原因的词时，用关系副词why。例如：
　　I know the reason why she didn‘t come yesterday.
我知道她昨天没来的原因。
【自我测试】
I. 单项填空。
1.Do you know the man ______is talking with your father?
   Yes, he’s our headmaster.
A. he B. who C. which D. whom
2. Is this the river _____I can swim?
A. which B. in which C. that D. the one
3. This is the best hotel in the city _____I know.
A. where B. which C. that D. it
4. Can you lend me the dictionary ______the other day?
A. that you bought B. you bought it
C. that you bought it D. which you bought it
5. Anyone ______with what I said may put up you hands.
A. which agrees B. who agree
C. who agrees D. which agree
6. My watch is not the only thing ______ is missing.
A. that B. it C. which who
7. The man ______coat is black is waiting at the gate
A. who”s B. whose C. that of which.
8. The girl ______ is reading under the tree _____my sister.
A. which; is B. whom; was C. who; is D. who; was
9. I love places ______the people are really friendly.
A. that B. which C. where D. who
10. The world ______ is made up of matter.
A. in that we live B. on which we live
C. where we live in D. we live in
Ⅱ.用适当的关系代词that, which, who, whom填空。
 1.The first thing ______you must do is to have a meal.
 2.April 1st is the day _____is called April Fool”s Day in the west.
 3.The family _____had lost everything in a big fire got much help from their friends.
 4.The house _____we live in is very old.
 5. Didn”t you see the man ______I talked with just now?
参考答案：
I. 1-5 B B C A C     6-10 A B C C D
II. 1. that 2. which / that 3. who / that 4. that / which 5. who/ whom/ that

教学资源库
一.定语从句的概念
在复合句中，修饰某一名词或代词的从句叫定语从句。被修饰的名词或代词叫先行词，定语从句一般放在先行词的后面。
二.定语从句的关系词
引导定语从句的关系词有关系代词和关系副词，常见的关系代词包括that, which, who(宾格whom,所有格whose)等，关系副词包括where, when, why等。关系代词和关系副词放在先行词及定语从句之间起连接作用，同时又作定语从句的重要成分。
 三.定语从句的分类
根据定语从句与先行词的关系，定语从句可分为限制性定语从句及非限制性定语从句。限制性定语从句紧跟先行词，主句与从句不用逗号分开，从句不可省去，非限制性定语从句主句与从句之间有逗号分开，起补充说明作用，如省去，意思仍完整。
 四.关系代词的用法
1. that 既可以用于指人，也可以用于指物。在从句中作主语或宾语，作主语时不可省略，作宾语可省略。例如：
Mary likes music that is quiet and gentle.玛丽喜欢轻柔的音乐。（that作主语）
The coat (that) I put on the desk is blue.我放在桌子上的那件外套是蓝色的。（that作宾语）
2.which用于指物，在句中作主语或宾语，作主语不可省略，作宾语可省略。例如：
The building which stands near the train station is a supermarket.位于火车站附近的那座大楼是一家超市。（作主语）
The film (which) we saw last night was wonderful. 我们昨天晚上看的那部电影很好看。（作宾语）
3.who, whom用于指人，who 用作主语，whom用作宾语。在口语中，有时可用who代替whom, 也可省略。例如：
The girl who often helps me with my English is from England.经常在英语方面帮助我的那个女孩是英国人。（作主语）
Who is the teacher (whom) Li Ming is talking to? 正在与李明谈话的老师是谁？（作宾语）
注意：（1）当定语从句中含有介词，介词放在句末时，who, that, which可省略，但介词在关系代词前时，只能用“介词+which/whom”结构。例如：
This is the house in which we lived last year.这是我们去年居住的房子。
Please tell me from whom you borrowed the English novel.请告诉我你从谁那借的这本英文小说。
（2）含有介词的固定动词词组中，介词不可前置，只能放在原来的位置上。例如：
This is the person whom you are looking for. 这就是你要找的那个人。
（3）that 作介词的宾语时，介词不能放它的前面，只能放在从句中动词的后面。例如：
The city that she lives in is very far away.她居住的城市非常远。
（4）关系词只能用that的情况：
a. 先行词被序数词或形容词最高级所修饰，或本身是序数词、基数词、形容词最高级时，只能用that，而不用which。例如：
He was the first person that passed the exam. 他是第一个通过考试的人。
b.被修饰的先行词为all, any, much, many, everything, anything, none, the one等不定代词时，只能用that,而不用which。例如：
Is there anything that you want to buy in the shop? 你在商店里有什么东西要买吗？
c.先行词被the only, the very, the same, the last, little, few 等词修饰时，只能用that,而不用which。例如：
This is the same bike that I lost.这就是我丢的那辆自行车。
d. 先行词里同时含有人或物时，只能用that, 而不用which。例如：
I can remember well the persons and some pictures that I saw in the room.我能清楚记得我在那个房间所见到的人和一些照片。
e.以who或which引导的特殊疑问句，为避免重复，只能用that。例如：
Who is the girl that is crying? 正在哭泣的那个女孩是谁？
f.主句是there be 结构，修饰主语的定语从句用that,而不用which。例如：
There is a book on the desk that belongs to Tom. 桌子上那本书是汤姆的。
（5）关系词只能用which,而不用that 的情况：
a.先行词为that, those时，用which, 而不用that。例如：
What’s that which is under the desk? 在桌子底下的那些东西是什么？
b.关系代词前有介词时，一般用which,而不用that。例如：
This is the room in which he lives. 这是他居住的房间。
c.引导非限制性定语从句，用which, 而不用that。例如：
Tom came back, which made us happy. 汤姆回来了，这使我们很高兴。
      五.关系副词的用法
（1）when指时间，其先行词表示时间，在句中作时间状语。例如：
This was the time when he arrived.这是他到达的时间。
（2）where指地点，其先行词表示地点，在句中作地点状语。例如：
This is place where he works.这是他工作的地点。
（3）why 指原因，其先行词是原因，起原因状语作用。例如：
Nobody knows the reason why he is often late for school. 没人知道他为什么上学总迟到。