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1.      One road in particular, which goes north from La Paz, is considered the most dangerous road in the world. 其中有一条路，从拉巴斯往北，被认为是世界上最危险的路。

阅读或朗读时，considered后面有个停顿， the到句号是主语补语。带有宾语补语的动词变成被动语态后，原宾语变成了主语，宾语补语亦因而变成了主语补语。如：She was made angry? (她被惹得生气了。)  He was elected President.? (他被选为总统。) What is the baby called? (这个婴儿叫什么?)

2．On one side the mountains rise steeply; on the other side there is a sheer drop, which in places is hundreds of metres deep. 一边，群山陡峭，另一边，悬崖直下，有          些地方深达几百英尺。On one side 和on the other side是相关并列连词，也是所谓“篇章衔接词语”。篇章中表示语义联系的语法和词汇手段有五类,构成不同类型的语义衔接。前者包括照应(reference) 、替代(substitution) 、省略(ellipsis) 、连接(conjunction) 和词汇衔接(lexical cohesion) 。后者则包括词汇重述( reiteration) 、同义( synonymy) 、下义( hyponymy) 和搭配( collocation)等。

3.      The drop is so great that anyone inside the vehicle is lucky to survive. 落差太大了，车里的人能死里逃生算是命大。so…that引导的是程度状语从句。它例如：He got up so early that he caught the first bus. It’ such a good chance that we must not miss it. To such an degree was he excited that he couldn’t sleep last night.

4.      Timoteo has an unusual job---he is a human traffic signal. 铁穆特欧有一份不寻常的工作，他是人式形交通信号灯。a human traffic signal是名词短语作表语，是所谓“暗喻”用法。Metaphor (暗喻）：It is like a simile, also makes a comparison between two unlike elements, but unlike a simile, this comparison is implied rather than stated. For example, the world is a stage. 英语修辞还有：Figures of speech (修辞) ，Simile (明喻），Analogy (类比）Personification (拟人） Hyperbole (夸张） Understatement (含蓄陈述）Euphemism (委婉）Metonymy (转喻）Synecdoche (提喻）Antonomasia (换喻）Pun (双关语）Syllepsis (一语双叙）， Zeugma (轭式搭配）Irony (反语），Innuendo (暗讽），Sarcasm (讽刺）， Paradox (似非而是的隽语） Oxymoron (矛盾修饰），Antithesis (对照），Epigram (警句），Climax (渐进），Anti-climax or bathos (突降）， Apostrophe (顿呼），Transferred Epithet (转类形容词），Alliteration (头韵），Onomatopoeia (拟声）。

And so every morning, week in, week out, from dawn to dusk, Timoteo takes up his place on the bend and directs the traffic. 因此，每天早上，一周又一周，从早到晚，铁穆特欧在拐角处站好位置，指挥交通。本句中的短语有：and so， every morning, week in, week out, from dawn to dusk, take up one’s place， on the bend， direct the traffic。

5.课文中Although there is not a lot of traffic, on average，one vehicle comes off the road/ every two weeks.一句中短语动词有come off…。

动词加小品构成的起动词作用的短语叫短语动词（Phrasal Verb）。例如：Turn off the radio.　把收音机关上。（turn off是短语动词）。短语动词的构成基本有下列几种：

1） 动词+副词，如：black out；

2） 动词+介词，如：look into；

3） 动词+副词+介词，如：look forward to。构成短语动词的副词和介词都统称为小品词（Particle）。

高考中的短语动词

1. I don’t______ rock ‘n’ roll. It’s much too noisy for my ears. (2004北京)

A go after  B go away with  C go into  D go in for

2. ---- ______ for the glass!      

---- It's OK. I'm wearing shoes. (2004湖南)  

A. Look out  B. Walk out   C. Go out  D. Set out

3. He accidentally _____he had quarreled with his wife and that he hadn't been home for a couple of weeks.  (2004湖南)  

A. let out        B. took care     

C. made sure      D, made out

4．We have to_____the wheat as soon as possible because a

storm is on the way. (2004湖北)

A．get away        B．get across    

C．get through      D．get in

5．Once a decision has been made, all of us should_____it. (2004湖北)

A．direct to   B．stick to   C．lead to  D．refer to

6．The final examination is coming up soon. It’s time for us to _____our studies. (2004辽宁)

A．get down to   B．get out  C．get back for   D．get over

7. It was not a serious illness, and she soon ______ it.

(2004天津)

A got over  B got on with  C got around  D got out of

8．In some western countries, demand for graduates from MBA courses has _____.  (2004广西)

A. turned down  B. turned over 

C. fallen down   D. fallen over

9. Before the war broke out, many people_____in safe places possessions they could not take with them. (2004重庆)

A. threw away  B. put away  C. gave away  D. carried away

10. The man insisted________ a taxi for me even though I told him I lived nearby. (2004江苏)

A. find  B. to find  C. on finding  D. in finding

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