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中考教育 |
中考英语什么情况可以“省略”
I.要点
有时为了避免重复,使语言简练紧凑,在不损害结构或引起误解的原则下,往往省去一个或多个句子成分或词语。
1.
固定习惯用词。如:
No
smoking! Thanks s lot!等。
2.
简单句中的省略
(1)
口语中,一、二、三人称的主语,有时还包括谓语都可以省略。如:(It is)Nice to see you!
(This is) Li Ming speaking.
(2)
所有格后的名词如为住宅、商店、工矿、教堂等可以省略。如:
I'm
going to visit Tom's (house).
I
met him at the tailor's (shop).
(3)
两个或两个以上的动词不定式并列在一起时,第一个不定式带to,后面的不定式可省to.如: His job is to clean and mend the
machine.
(4)
主(宾)语补足语中的to
be常省略。He was considered (to be) the best student in the
class.
(5)
There be结构中
there be可同时省略,或只省略there.如:(Is there) Anything wrong?
(6)
表示年龄的years old,
表示钟点的o'clock, minute等常省略。如:What time is it now? It's ten
(o'clock).
3.
从句中的省略
(1)
宾语从句,以which, when, where, how和why引起的宾语从句谓语与主句谓语如相同,可省略从句中全部谓语,甚至主语也可省略,仅保留wh-一词。如:
He
will come, but we don't know when (he will
come).
He
didn't come, I wondered why (he didn't
come).
(2)
定语从句中可省略作宾语的关系代词,如:
The
man (whom) I saw in the street the other day is my
teacher.
(3)
状语从句,在时间、地点、让步、方式、条件状语从句中,从句主语与主句主语一致,或从句主语是it,则be动词及其主语常可省略。如:
I'll tell him that when (it is)
possible.
I
won't go there unless (I'm) invited.
II.例题
例
1 A beam of light
will not bend(弯曲)round corners
unless____ to do so with the help of a reflecting
device(反射装置)。
A made B being
made C having made D to be made
解析:该题正确答案为A。
unless后省略了it is. make
sb (sth) do sth变成被动语态则为sth/ sb be
made to do.
例2
While ____my
homework, I heard a cry for help.
A do B did C doing D having
done
解析:该题答案为C。该空处省略了I'm,相当于while I'm
doing my home work.如:While
playing guitar, he is singing.
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