III、阅读理解

A

Imagine a classroom missing the one thing that's long been considered a necessary part to reading and writing? Paper. No notebooks, no textbooks, no test paper. Nor are there any pencils or pens, which always seem to run out of ink at the critical (关键的) moment.
     A "paperless classroom" is what more and more schools are trying to achieve.
    Students don't do any handwriting in this class. Instead, they use palm (手掌) size, or specially-designed computers. The teacher downloads texts from Internet libraries and sends them to every student's personal computer.
     Having computers also means that students can use the Web. They can look up information on any subject they're studying? from maths to social science.
     High school teacher Judy Herrell in Florida, US, described how her class used the Web to learn about the war in Afganistan (阿富汗) over one year ago.
     "We could touch every side of the country through different sites? from the forest to refugee camps (难民营)," she said. "Using a book that's three or four years old is impossible."
     And exams can go online too. At a high school in Tennessee, US, students take tests on their own computers. The teacher records the grades on the network for everyone to see and then copies them to his own electronic grade book.
     A paperless classroom is a big step towards reducing the waste of paper. High school teacher Stephanie Sorrell in Kentucky, US, said she used to give about 900 pieces of paper each week to each student.
    "Think about the money and trees we could save with the computers," she said.
But, with all this technology, there's always the risk (危险) that the machines will break down. So, in case of a power failure or technical problems, paper textbooks are still widely available (可用的) for these hi-tech students.

1. What does the part of the last sentence in the first paragraph, “run out of ink at the critical moment”, mean?

A. Pens may not write well at the critical moment.
　  B. Pens get lost easily, so you may not find them at the critical moment.
　  C. Pens may have little or no ink at the critical moment.
　  D. Pens use ink, while pencils don't.

2. In a paperless classroom, what is a must?
　  A. Pens.                  B. Computers.        C. Information.          D. Texts.

3. The high school teacher, Judy Herrell, used the example of her class to show that _______.
A. the Web could take them everywhere        

B. the Web taught them a lot
C. the Web is a good tool for information
D. the Web, better than the textbooks, can give the latest and comprehensive (全面的) information
4. The paperless classrooms will benefit _____ the most.
A. students                      B. teachers               C. trees                    D. computers
5. What does the phrase in the last paragraph, “break down”, mean?
A. Break into pieces.  B. Stop working.        C. Fall down.           D. Lose control.

B

Psychologists take opposing views of how external rewards, from warm praise to cold cash, affect motivation and creativity. Behaviorists, who study the relation between actions and their consequences argue that rewards can improve performance at work and school. Cognitive researchers, who study various aspects of mental life, maintain that rewards often destroy creativity by encouraging dependence on approval and gifts from others.

The latter view has gained many supporters, especially among educators. But the careful use of small monetary rewards sparks creativity in grade-school children, suggesting that properly presented inducements indeed aid inventiveness, according to a study in the June Journal of Personality and Social Psychology.

“If kids know they’re working for a reward and can focus on a relatively challenging task, they show the most creativity,” says Robert Eisenberger of the University of Delaware in Newark, “But it’s easy to kill creativity by giving rewards for poor performance or creating too much anticipation for rewards.”

A teacher who continually draws attention to rewards or who hands out high grades for ordinary achievement ends up with uninspired students, Eisenberger holds. As an example of the latter point, he notes growing efforts at major universities to tighten grading standards and restore failing grades.

In earlier grades, the use of so-called token economies, in which students handle challenging problems and receive performance-based points toward valued reward, shows promise in raising effort and creativity, the Delaware psychologist claims.

6. According to the passage, which is true?

A.     All the researchers performance at work and school.

B.     All the researchers think that rewards often destroy creativity.

C.     Among the educators they think rewards can destroy creativity.

D.     Even the careful use of a small money is harmful to the creativity.

7. What’s the meaning of “approval”? ________

A. Praise.           B. Happy.               C. Blame.                  D. Feeling

8. According to the passage, which is true?

A. It doesn’t matter we give reward to the children according to their performances.

B. A reward will help a child increase his creativity.

C. In early grades, we can’t give children any rewards.

D. It doesn’t matter whether we tighten grading standards at university.

参考答案：

完形填空：

BCBBC    ADCCA     ADAAB    CDCCB 

6. well 甚、颇、相当

8. can 能够

9. introduce 引进，采用

14. that引导的从句做see的宾语

17. means 手段、工具

20. happening to 要接宾语

单项选择

DADCB    DCBAB     DAADA    BCCDC     BABAB    BADC

13. be faced with 面临、面对（不得不面对）

25. make a fool of … 嘲弄，欺骗

  make a fool of oneself 做傻事，丢丑

阅读理解：

CBDCBCAB