2011年1月15日雅思大作文第一时间评析

文/上海新东方学校 樊黎明

【考试题目】

Nowadays, some workplaces tend to employ equal numbers of men and women workers. Do you think it is a positive or negative development?

【题目翻译】

如今，一些公司倾向于聘用同等数量的男女雇员。你认为这是一种积极还是消极的发展？

【话题分类与题型】

本题为新题，属于社会类话题，妇女与男女平等话题分支。题型为Argumentation。

【话题评价】

2011年的雅思考题继续沿用了“老题新出”的出题方式，将之前的老题进行修改，改头换面重新出现。熟悉老题的同学不难发现，这个话题与2010年4月15日的话题思路几乎完全一致。从2003年至今，雅思作文一共考了6次男女平等话题。这类话题需要考生对女权主义、男女平等这类社会话题有一定的了解。

【类似真题】

1.    Some people think that men and women have different qualities. Therefore, some certain jobs are suitable for men and some jobs are suitable for women. To what extent do you agree or disagree? (100415)

2.    Most high level jobs in the government are done by men. Some people believe that the government should encourage a certain percentage of these jobs to be reserved for women. To what extent do you agree or disagree?  （远古级雅思题）

3.    Throughout history, male leaders always lead us to violence and conflict. If a society is governed by female leaders it will be more peaceful. To what extent do you agree or disagree with this opinion? (061202)

4.    In many countries women are not able to join the army. But some people think women should be a member of the army, navy and air force. Do you agree or disagree? (030920, 040110)

【结构与思路】

本文可以写成双边结构，正文前半部分讲男女平等的必要性，很多工作的确女性的比例太少，是一种性别歧视。正文后半部分讲这种做法的缺点，如有些体力劳动较多的工作可能更适合男性，而有些工作反而更适合女性，没必要刻意去进行平衡。

I.              Introduction：

1.   背景： 性别平等的话题已经被热议了几十年。The issue of gender equality has been discussed fervently in the past few decades.

2.  主题：然而，一些人，尤其是一些女权主义者feminists 提出，为了表示对女性的尊重，公司应当雇佣相同数量的男女员工。

3．观点：我的观点是，每家公司应该根据工作的性质nature of work来决定所录用男女的比例。

II.            Body 1：男女员工数量相同的优点
传统的社会观念social convention认为女性要比男性低一等women are inferior to their male counterparts，因此女孩从小就不被鼓励做一些诸如政治、商务等工作and therefore most girls are not encouraged to pursue political office, business success and professional prestige. 但是，男性掌握这些工作未必意味着他们就擅长这些工作。However, the fact that men hold these jobs does not necessarily mean that they are good at what they do. 如果公司雇佣同等数量的男女员工，那么女性将拥有平等的工作权，以及和男性竞争的机会Women can enjoy the equal right to work, and the right to compete with men.

III.           Body 2：男女员工数量相同的缺点
1。 论点：而如果公司盲目地追求性别平等pursue gender equality blindly，那么男性和女性可能不能发挥自己的专长bring their talents in certain fields into full play.
论据：由于男女的基因构成上的差异Due to the disparity in genetic makeup，男女适合的工作不同。男性由于更加活跃active, 精力充沛energetic和好胜aggressive，所以有些体力劳动manual labour更加适合男性，比如矿工miners，水手sailors，消防员fire fighters，铁匠ironsmith，甚至屠夫butchers。而女性由于更加仔细careful, 耐心patient, 没有野心less ambitious, 因此一些家政类的domestic, 护理类的caring, 秘书类的secretarial工作更加适合女性来完成。

2． 论点：这种做法不但不会解决性别歧视sexism，可能反而更加加剧。Moreover, the problem of sexism would be worsened instead of being overcome.
论据：如果男女被迫去做自己不擅长的工作，很难去和异性竞争they will have great difficulty competing with the opposite sex. 他们在工作上会落后They will fall behind甚至被看不起be looked down upon.

IV.            Conclusion
1. 重申观点： 聘用相同数量的男女员工，虽然似乎尊重了女性的工作权right to work，但是有可能反而导致不公平inequality和性别歧视sex discrimination.
2. 提出建议： 公司不应当过度强调男女员工在数量上的平等，而是根据工作的不同性质来决定男女员工的比例。

【场景词汇】

male chauvinism/ masculism  大男子主义，男权主义

breadwinner 养家糊口的人

genetic makeup 基因构成

feminism 女权主义

sex/gender discrimination/bias 性别歧视，性别偏见

sexism 性别歧视

occupational sexism/ sexist in the workplace/ employment sexism 职业性别歧视

employment discrimination 就业歧视

social convention 社会习俗（通常指拘泥、刻板的）

gender role 性别角色

gender equality 男女平等

egalitarianism 平均主义

disparity/ discrepancy 差异，悬殊

be superior/ inferior to 比…优越/ 比…低等

stereotype 陈规，老套

【相关范文】（来源：互联网）

Most high level jobs in the government are done by men. Some people believe that the government should encourage a certain percentage of these jobs to be reserved for women. To what extent do you agree or disagree? 

Today, while more and more women are playing increasingly essential roles in modern society, it has to be noted that most high-level governmental jobs are still within men’s grasp. For this reason, some people propose that a certain percentage of such positions should be assigned to women. 

From some people’s point of view, the practice may sound reasonable based on the following reasons. First of all, it is beneficial for the women to bring their talents in certain fields into full play. It is widely accepted that women are generally more careful, patient and gifted in certain field like arts compared with their male counterparts and preserving some governmental positions related to such fields for them seems to be a decent idea. Moreover, the move could be regarded as a sign of equality between men and women, which indicates the women’s value has been realized. 

While the above reasons seem sounding, the negative side of the practice should never be overlooked. Firstly, the packed-schedule of a governmental top position is likely to make women become so busy with their job that their family lives are always neglected. The fact that the majority of female top employees in the US government are either single or divorced serves as a convincing example. More importantly, the practice also harms certain capable male candidates’ interests and it is likely to make women to be more dependent on such preferential policies. 

To sum up, it does bring benefits to the government if more women participate in certain fields of governmental positions. Such benefits, nevertheless, are based on the sacrifice of the women’s family lives and the interests of their male counterparts. So I think it is acceptable for the government to encourage women to commit themselves to some high level jobs, but on no account should we reserve them for women purposely. (306 words) 

【延伸阅读】

Feminism  http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Feminism

Occupational sexism  http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sexism#Occupational_sexism

Employment discrimination  http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Employment_discrimination

其它日期的作文评析请见http://blog.sina.com.cn/s/articlelist_1321193794_5_1.html