伽罗瓦不是群论的奠基人

国内文献（科普中国）把伽罗瓦说成是群论的发现者、奠基人。这不符合历史事实。

事实上，伽罗瓦的工作是利用置换群工具解决了多项式存在根式解的条件。

The study of groups originally grew out of an understanding of permutation groups（置换群）. Permutations had themselves been intensively studied by Lagrange in 1770 in his work on the algebraic solutions of polynomial equations.

研究表明，任何有限群都同构于某个置换群。这个研究课题后来又很大发展。

This subject flourished and by the mid 19th century a well-developed theory of permutation groups existed, codified by Camille Jordan in his book Traité des Substitutions et des Équations Algébriques of 1870. Jordan's book was, in turn, based on the papers that were left by Évariste Galois in 1832.

袁萌  2月19日