2018-6-C

There's a new frontier in 3D printing that's beginning to come into focus: food. Recent development has made possible machines that print, cook, and serve foods on a mass scale. And the industry isn't stopping there.

Food production

With a 3D printer, a cook can print complicated chocolate sculptures and beautiful pieces for decoration on a wedding cake. Not everybody can do that -- it takes years of experience, but a printer makes it easy. A restaurant in Spain uses a Foodini to "re-create forms and pieces" of food that are "exactly the same,” freeing cooks to complete other tasks. In another restaurant, all of the dishes and desserts it serves are 3D-printed, rather than farm to table.

Sustainability(可持续性)

The global population is expected to grow to 9.6 billion by 2050, and some analysts estimate that food production will need to be raised by 50 percent to maintain current levels. Sustainability is becoming a necessity. 3D food printing could probably contribute to the solution. Some experts believe printers could use hydrocolloids(水解胶体) from plentiful renewables like algae(藻类) and grass to replace the familiar ingredients(烹饪原料). 3D printing can reduce fuel use and emissions. Grocery stores of the future might stock "food" that lasts years on end, freeing up shelf space and reducing transportation and storage requirements

Nutrition

Future 3D food printers could make processed food healthier. Hod Lipson, a professor at Columbia University, said, "Food printing could allow consumer to print food with customized nutritional content, like vitamins. So instead of eating a piece of yesterday's bread from the supermarket, you’d eat something baked just for you on demand."

Challenges

Despite recent advancements in 3D food printing，the industry has many challenges to overcome. Currently, most ingredients must be changed to a paste(糊状物) before a printer can use them, and the printing process is quite time-consuming because ingredients interact with each other in very complex ways. On top of that, most of the 3D food printers now are restricted to dry ingredients，because meat and milk products may easily go bad. Some experts are skeptical about food printers, believing they are better suited for fast food restaurants than homes and high-end restaurants.

46．What benefit does 3D printing bring to food production？

A. It helps cooks to create new dishes.        B. It saves time and effort in cooking.

C. It improves the cooking conditions.         D. It contributes to restaurant decorations.

47．What can we learn about 3D food printing from Paragraph 3？

A. It solves food shortages easily.                B. It quickens the transportation of food.

C. It needs no space for the storage of food.  D. It uses renewable materials as sources of food.

48．According to Paragraph 4，3D-printed food ____ .

A. is more available to consumers                B. can meet individual nutritional needs

C. is more tasty than food in supermarkets    D. can keep all the nutrition in raw materials

49．What is the main factor that prevents 3D food printing from spreading widely?

A. The printing process is complicated.        B. 3D food printers are too expensive.

C. Food materials have to be dry.                D. Some experts doubt 3D food printing

50．What could be the best title of the passage?

A. 3D Food Printing: Delicious New Technology

B. A New Way to Improve 3D Food Printing

C. The Challenges for 3D Food Production

D. 3D Food Printing: From Farm to Table

BDBCA

46. B 推理判断。根据第二段but a printer makes it easy.判断。

47. D 细节理解。根据第三段Some experts believe printers could use hydrocolloids(水解胶体) from plentiful renewables like algae(藻类) and grass to replace the familiar ingredients(烹饪原料).确定。

48. B 细节理解。 根据第四段Food printing could allow consumer to print food with customized nutritional content, like vitamins.及后一句中的on demand确定。

49. C 推理判断。根据第五段On top of that, most of the 3D food printers now are restricted to dry ingredients，because meat and milk products may easily go bad.判断。

50. A 标题主题。3D打印食物还是一件新鲜事儿，远未成熟。C项是最后一个自然段的中心思想。D项可以根据第二段最后一句话排除。