一：英汉译的词性转换

英语名词转换

1.Too much exposure to TV programs will do great harm to the eyesight of children. (名词转动词)  
译文：孩子们看电视过多会大大地损坏视力。(名词转动词)  

2.The book is a reflection of the Chinese society of the 1990s. (名词转动词)  

译文：这本书反映了90年代的中国社会。 

3.Vietnamese War is a drain on American resources.(drain= To become gradually depleted;越南战争不断消耗美国的资源) (名词转动词)  

4.I am so grateful to my father for his continuous encouragement during my childhood.(我非常感激父亲，因为小时候他总是不断鼓励我。) (名词转动词)  

5.Every English has some knowledge, however slight, of he work of our greatest writer. (名词转动词)  

译文2：每个英国人都或多或少了解些（知道些）这位最伟大作家的作品。

6.For millions of immigrants, the Statue of Liberty was their first sight of the promising land.

译文：成千上万的移民踏上这片充满希望的土地时，第一眼看到的是自由女神像。  

英语动词的转换

7.The inflammation is characterized by red, swelling, fever, and pain.

译文：炎症的特点是红、肿、热、痛。 （动词转名词）

8.A well-dressed man, who looked and talked like an American, got into the car.

(一位穿着讲究的人上人车，他的外表和谈吐都象个美国人。) （动词转名词）

9.The American economy is organized in single-owner businesses, partnerships and corporations.

译文：美国经济的组织方式是个人所有制、合伙制和公司制。
10..The company impressed itself greatly upon the mind of customers. （动词转名词）

译文：公司在顾客脑海中留下了不可磨灭的印象。

英语形容词的转换

11..If you don't watch TV every day, you will be ignorant of the present situation both at home and abroad.

译文：如果你不是每天都看电视，你就可能不了解当前国际国内形势。（形容词转为动词）

12..In his article the author is critical of man's negligence toward his environment.
译文：作者在文章中，对人类疏忽自身环境作了批评。（形容词转名词）

二：汉译英的词性转换

A:动词的转换
1.这为东南亚各国保持经济持续增长，发展经济合作，创造了重要的前提条件。

译文：This has provided an important prerequisite for the sustained economic growth of East Asian countries and the development of their economic cooperation.

2.我们要确保更有效地利用外资。

译文：We shall ensure that foreign capital is more effectively utilized.

译文：We shall ensure more effective utilization of foreign capital.
3.坚持一个中国的原则，是实现和平统一的基础和前提。

译文1：We should adhere to the principle of one China, which is the basis and premise for peaceful reunification.（添加主语）

译文2:Adherence to the principle of one China is the basis and premise for peaceful reunification.（转换为名词）

4.加快转变政府职能。

译文1（添加主语）：We should accelerate the transformation of government functions.

译文2（转换词性）The transformation of government functions will be accelerated.

B.名词的转换：

5.外资企业日前已经成为浦东新区出口增长的拉动力。

译文：The foreign enterprises have promoted the increase in export in the Pudong New Area.

6.必须始终以经济建设为中心。

译文：We must consistently concentrate on economic development.

其它转换：

29.水资源稀缺，是我国经济和社会发展的严重制约因素。

译文：Lack of water resources is a serious limitation on the economic nad social development of our country.(形容词－名词)

30.He is strong physically, but weak mentally.(他体力很强，可智力很弱。)

31.Party officials worked long hours on meager food, in cold caves, by dim lamps. (党的干部每天长时间工作，吃的是粗茶淡饭，住的是冰冷的窑洞，点的是昏暗的油灯。（介词－动词）

课堂练习1：

1.White policemen are now careful of how they speak and behave towards their fellow black citizens.

(白人警察现在十分注意自己对黑人公民的行为举止。

 2.Variety is a key characteristic of the United States, both geographically and culturally.

(多样性是美国地理文化的主要特征。)

3.Many people are under the illusion that the main issue of the Civil War was the abolition of slavery.

(许多人都错误地认为内战的主语争端是废除奴隶制度。)

4. 译文：The sight of sick mum reminds me of the summer of 1981 (when Granny was ill)

5．译文：Great importance should be assigned to population control, the conservation of resources and environmental protection.