現在完成時態

一：結構：have/has +動詞的過去分詞  （其中，have/has是助動詞，沒有實際意義，構成否定句和疑問句）

二：內涵：

１、表示在過去的某個時間里發生的動作對現在造成的影響和結果。

Eg:  I have had lunch.(表示我已經吃過飯了，不用再吃飯了)

     She has already had lunch.

     They have just had lunch.                   

     Tom has already cleaned the classroom.（表示TOM已经打扫过教室了，教室已经是干净的，可以不打扫，）

     I have cleaned the classroom.

2,表示曾經去過某地，現在已經回來了,用have /has been to+地点

Eg: I have been to Beijing .(我曾經去過北京，但現在我不在北京，已經回到了原來的出發地。)

   He has been to the beach.

   They have been to the cinema.

3.表示某人已經到某地區了，而且還沒有回來,用have /has gone to + place. 

Eg: He has gone to Beijing .(表示他到北京去了，不在說話的現場。)

   They have gone  to cinema. （他們已經去看電影了。）

4.表示过去发生的动作持续到现在或者到将来，常和for/ since引导的 时间状语连用

Eg.  I have worked in Beijing for 17 years.

I have worked in Beijing since 1992.

 I have worked in Beijing since I came to Beijing .

三．現在完成時態和一般過去時的區別。

例句

I’ve already aired the room.

I aired the room this morning.（过去的动作）

I’ve just cleaned the shoes.

I cleaned the shoes at 5 o’clock this evening.

She has already sharpened the pencil.

She sharpened the pencil just now.

She has just turned on the TV.

She turned on the TV 10 minutes ago.

He has asked a question.

She asked the question 4 minutes ago.

They have already done their homework.

They did homework last night.

We have painted the room.

We painted it a year ago.

现在完成时态练习：

I. 用所给动词的适当形式填空。

1. I________already_______(see) the film. I__________(see) it last week.
2. — __________he _________(finish) his work today?
— Not yet.
3. — __________ you ___________(be) to Hong Kong?
— Yes, I __________(be) there twice.
4. — you ever _______ (eat ) chocolate sundaes （圣代）?
— No, never.
5. My father_________ just _______(come) back from work. He is tired now.
6. — Where's Li Ming?
— He _________(go) to the teacher's office.
7. Shanghai ___________(be) a small town hundreds of years ago. Now it _______(become) a large city.
8. I __________(work) here since I _______(move) here in 1999.
9. So far I ------ (make) quite a few friends here.
10. — How long __________the Wangs____(stay) here ?
— For two weeks.

II. 句型转换 _

1. I have been to Macau before. (改为否定句)
I ___________ ________ been to Macau before.
2. He hasn't come to school because he's ill. (就划线部分提问)
________ ________ he come to school?
3. He has learned English for 5 years. (就划线部分提问)
_______ ______ _______ __________learned English?
4. I bought a new bike just now. (用just改写)
I____________just_____________a new bike.
5. We began to learn English three years ago. (改为同义句)
We_________English _________three years.


IV. 用for 或since填空。

1. Jill has been in Ireland________Monday.
2. Jill has been in Ireland__________three days.
3. My aunt has lived in Australia_______15 days.
4. Margaret is in her office. She has been there_____7 o'clock.
5. India has been an independent country________1974.
6. The bus is late. We've been waiting________20 minutes.
7. Nobody lives in those houses. They have been empty many years.
8. Mike has been ill________a long time. He has been in hospital ________October.

最佳答案

1.have,seen. saw. 2.Has ,finished 3.Have been ;have been 4.Have eaten 5.has come 6.has gone 7.was, has become 8.have worked ,moved 9.have made 10.have stayed 2. 1.have not 2.Why hasn't3.How long has he 4.have bought 5.have learned ;for 3. 1.since 2.for3.for 4.since 5.since 6.for 7.many years 前加for 8.for ;since