加载中…美国航空承运人准入法（ACAA第382条款）中英文第一部分
(2014-06-22 07:06:48)
标签：
美国航空 |
分类： 运输交通物流仓储保管搬迁 |
NONDISCRIMINATION ON THE BASIS OF DISABILITY IN AIR TRAVEL
不歧视残疾人的空中旅行规定
Subpart A General Provisions总则
§382.1 What is the purpose of this Part.该条款的目的是什么 .
The purpose of this Part is to carry out the Air Carrier Access Act of 1986, as amended. This rule prohibits both U.S. and foreign carriers from discriminating against passengers on the basis of disability; requires carriers to make aircraft, other facilities, and services accessible; and requires carriers to take steps to accommodate passengers with a disability.
该条款的 目的在于执行 1986年出台 并多次修订的ACAA。该法规禁止美国和国外承运人歧视残疾旅客 ,要求承运人对残疾人开放航空器、其它设施和服务, 并 要 求;并要求承运人采取措施以方便残疾旅客乘机。
§382.3 What do the terms in this rule mean.本规定中有关名词的定义是什么 .
In this regulation, the terms listed in this section have the following meanings:
本法规中专业名词定义如下 :
Air Carrier Access Act or ACAA means the Air Carrier Access Act authority for this Part.
航空承运人准入法 ACAA是指 1986 年的 《航空承运人准入法 》的修订版,是该部分的主要法律依据。
Air transportation means interstate or foreign air transportation, or the transportation of mail by aircraft, as defined in 49 U.S.C. 40102.
航空运输 指49 U.S.C. 40102 中定义的美国各州之间或外国航空运输 ,或邮件的航空运输 。
Assistive device means any piece of equipment that assists a passenger with a disability to cope with the effects of his or her disability. Such devices are intended to assist a passenger with a disability to hear, see, communicate, maneuver, or
perform other functions of daily life, and may include medical devices and medications.
辅助装置 指帮助 残疾旅客 应对自身 残疾障碍的任何设备 。这种设备用于帮助残疾旅客进行听 、看、交流 、行动或 其他日常生活活动 ,可能包括医疗设备和药物 。
Battery-powered mobility aid means an assistive device that is used by individuals with mobility impairments such a wheelchair, a scooter, or a Segway when it is used as a mobility device by a person with a mobility-related disability.
电池供电代步工具 指有移动障碍的个人使用的辅助装置 ,如轮椅 、残疾人电动车 或“思维车”(Segway 残疾人使用的电动代步车 )。
Carrier means a U.S. citizen ( “U.S. carrier”) or foreign citizen ( “foreign carrier”) that undertakes, directly or indirectly, or by a lease or any other arrangement, to engage in air transportation.
承运人 指直接或间接 、通过租赁或其它手段进行航空运输的美国公民 (美国承运人)或外国公民 (外国承运人)。
Commuter carrier means an air taxi operator as defined in 14 CFR Part 298 that carries passengers on at least 5 round trips per week on at least one route between two or more points according to its published flight schedules that specify the times, days of the week and places between which those flights are performed.
短途航空公司 指14 CFR part 298 定义的航空巴士运营商 ,根据其公布的航班时刻,该运营商每周至少在有两个或两个以上经停点的航线上运营至少 5个来回程航班。航班时刻上 要公布 具体的时间 ,每周日期和航班运营的起点和终点 。
CPAP machine means a continuous positive airway pressure machine.
CPAP机器 指空中持续气道正压通气设备 。
Department or DOT means the United States Department of Transportation.
部门或 DOT 指美国交通部 。
Direct threat means a significant risk to the health or safety of others that cannot be eliminated by a modification of policies, practices, or procedures, or by the provision of auxiliary aids or services.
直接威胁指对其他人的健康或安全构成的极大危险,并且不能通过修改政策、措 施 、 程 序 或 提供 辅 助 性 帮 助 或服务消除的 。
Equivalent alternative means a policy, practice, or other accommodation that provides substantially equivalent accessibility to passengers with disabilities, compared to compliance with a provision of this Part.
对等替代方案,指相对本条款 要求,能够为残疾旅客提供 大体一致的可行性 政 策 、措 施 或 其 它 协 助。
Expected maximum flight duration means the carrier’s best estimate of the total duration of the flight from departure gate to arrival gate, including taxi time to and from the terminals, based on the scheduled flight time and factors such as (a) wind and other weather conditions forecast; (b) anticipated traffic delays; (c) one instrument approac h and possible missed approach at destination; and (d) any other conditions that may delay arrival of the aircraft at the destination gate.
预计最长航班时间是指承运人对航班从离港到抵达门到门之间总计时间的最大的估计 ,包括乘坐出租车往来航站楼之间的时间,估算主要基于定期航班所有时间和其它因素如 (a) 风和其它天气情况预测 (b)预计的航班延误时间 (c) 在 目的 地 导 航 进场 着 陆 时 间 和 可 能 错 过着 陆 的 时 间 (d)其它可能导致飞机延误抵达目的地门的状况 。
FAA means the Federal Aviation Administration, an operating administration of the Department of Transportation.
FAA 指美国联邦航空管理局,交通部运行部门 。
Facility means a carrier’s aircraft and any portion of an airport that a carrier owns, leases, or controls (e.g., structures, roads, walks, parking lots, ticketing areas, baggage drop-off and retrieval sites, gates, other boarding locations, loading bridges) normally used by passengers or other members of the public.
设施 指一家承运人拥有、租赁或控制的一般由旅客或其它公众使用的飞机或机场的任何一部分 (如建筑物 ,道路,人行道 ,停车场 ,售票区 ,行李托运和领取区,登机门 ,其它登机地点,廊桥等)。
The term physical or mental impairment includes, but is not limited to, such diseases and conditions as orthopedic, visual, speech, and hearing impairments; cerebral palsy, epilepsy, muscular dystrophy, multiple sclerosis, cancer, heart disease, diabetes, mental retardation,emotional illness, drug addiction, and alcoholism.
身体或精神损害包括但不限于外科疾病、视觉损害,聋哑;脑瘫、癫痫、肌肉萎缩,多重硬化、癌症、心脏病 、糖浆病、痴呆、心理疾病 、毒瘾、酗酒等疾病和症状。
(b) Major life activities means functions such as caring for one's self, performing manual tasks,walking, seeing, hearing, speaking, breathing, learning, and working.
(b)主要生命活动指如照顾自己、动手、走路、视听、说话、呼吸、学习和工作等功能。
(c) Has a record of such impairment means has a history of, or has been classified, or misclassified, as having a mental or physical impairment that substantially limits one or more major life activities.
(c) 有某种损害记录指患有限制一种或多种生命活动的身体或精神损害的历史, 或 是 被认 定 或 被误认 定 有 这 种 损 害 。
(d) Is regarded as having an impairment means:(d) 被认为有伤残的情况指:
(1) Has a physical or mental impairment that does not substantially limit major life activities but that is treated by an air carrier as constituting such a limitation;
(1) 身体或精神损害不会大幅限制主要生命活动但被承运人认定已 构成这种限制;
(2) Has a physical or mental impairment that substantially limits a major life activity only as a result of the attitudes of others toward such an impairment; or
(2) 身体或精神损伤只有 在其他人对 其伤残的态度不对时 才会导致构成这种限制;或是
(3) Has none of the impairments set forth in this definition but is treated by an air carrier as having such an impairment.
(3)没有以上定义的损害但被承运人认为有这种伤残 。
On-demand air taxi means an air taxi operator that carries passengers or property and is not a commuter carrier as defined in this section.
即时空中巴士指除本节定义的短途承运人外承运旅客或物件飞机出租运营商。
PHMSA means the Pipeline and Hazardous Materials Safety Administration, an operating administration of the Department of Transportation.
PHMSA 指美国管道和有害物质安全管理局 ,为交通部下属执行机构 。
POC means portable oxygen concentrator.POC 指便携式 制氧机
Qualified individual with a disability means an individual with a disability –
符合乘机条件的残疾旅客指符合以下条件的残疾人 :
(a) Who, as a passenger (referred to as a “passenger with a disability”),旅客(指“残疾旅客”),
(1) With respect to obtaining a ticket for air transportation on a carrier, offers, or makes a good faith attempt to offer, to purchase or otherwise validly to obtain such a ticket;
(1)残疾人要购买或以正当方式获得某一承运人的航空运输客票;
(2) With respect to obtaining air transportation, or other services or accommodations required by this Part,
(2) 涉及该法规规定的航空运输或其它服务或协助,
(i) Buys or otherwise validly obtains, or makes a good faith effort to obtain, a ticket for air transportation on a carrier and presents himself or herself at the airport for the purpose of traveling on the flight to which the ticket pertains; and
(i)购买或通过正常途径获得的有效机票,并为乘坐客票所列的航班 ,到达相应机场;以及
(ii) Meets reasonable, nondiscriminatory contract of carriage requirements applicable to all passengers; or
(ii)符合适用于所有旅客的合理而无歧视性的运输合同要求 ;或是
(b) Who, with respect to accompanying or meeting a traveler, using ground transportation, using terminal facilities, or obtaining information about schedules, fares, reservations, or policies, takes those actions necessary to use facilities or services offered by an air carrier to the general public,with reasonable accommodations, as needed, provided by the carrier.
(b) 考虑到陪同或接送旅客、使用地面交通工具 、利用航站设施或获取有关航班时刻、票价或政策信息等问题,该残疾人采取了必要措施以使其能利用航空承运人向一般公众提供的设施和服务 ,以及在需要的情况下,由航空承运人提供的 合理 的 协 助 。
Scheduled service means any flight scheduled in the current edition of the Official Airline Guide, the carrier’s published schedule, or the computer reservation system used by the carrier.
定期航班指承运人在最新版本的OAG中公布的时刻表,或是承运人使用的电脑订座系统中的航班时刻 。
TSA means the Transportation Security Administration, an agency of the Department of Homeland Security.
TSA指国土安全部下属机构交通安全局 。
United States or U.S. means the United States of America, including its territories and possessions.
美国或 U.S 指美利坚共和国领土及其属地。
§382.5 When are U.S. and foreign carriers required to begin complying with the provisions of this Part.
§ 382.5 美国和 外国承运人什么时候开始执行该法规.
As a U.S. or foreign carrier, you are required to comply with the requirements of this Part on May 13, 2009, except as otherwise provided in individual sections of this Part.
除该部分其它条款有特殊说明外,应该在2009年5月13日开始。
§382.7 To whom do the provisions of this Part
apply.
(a) If you are a U.S. carrier, this Part applies to you with respect to all your operations and aircraft, regardless of where your operations take place, except as otherwise provided in this Part.
有特别说明的除外。
(b) If you are a foreign carrier, this Part applies to you only with respect to flights you operate that begin or end at a U.S. airport and to aircraft used for these flights. For purposes of this Part,a “flight” means a continuous journey in the same aircraft or with one flight number that begins or ends at a U.S. airport. The following are some examples of the application of this term:
(b) 如果是外国承运人 ,只适用于自 /至美国的航班及这些航班使用的飞机。 这里 的 “航 班 ” 是 指 自 /至美国机场的使用同一架飞行器或 使用同一航班号进行 的旅 程 。 以 下 是 一 些 适 用的 例 子:
EXAMPLE 1 to paragraph (b): A passenger books a nonstop flight on a foreign carrier from New York to Frankfurt, or Frankfurt to New York. Each of these is a “flight” for purposes of this Part.
例1:旅客乘坐一家外国承运人从纽约到法兰克福或从法兰克福到纽约的不经停航班,两个都属于上面说的 “航班”。
EXAMPLE 2 to paragraph (b): A passenger books a journey on a foreign carrier from New York to Prague. The foreign carrier flies nonstop to Frankfurt. The passenger gets off the plane in Frankfurt and boards a connecting flight (with a different flight number),on the same foreign carrier or a different carrier, which goes to Prague. The New York-Frankfurt leg of the journey is a “flight” for purposes of this Part; the Frankfurt-Prague leg is not. On the reverse routing, the Prague-Frankfurt leg is not a covered flight for purposes of this Part, while the Frankfurt-New York leg is.
例2:旅客乘坐一家外国承运人从纽约到布拉格的航班。该外国承运人 的航班为至法兰克福 的不经停航班。旅客在法兰克福下飞机,转乘同一 外国承运人 ( 不同 航 班 号)或另一家公司的中转航班前往布拉格。则纽约-法兰克福段属于本条款定 义 的 “航班”,布拉格 -法兰克福不属于 。回程同样:法兰克福 -布拉格不属于本条款定义的 “航班”,法兰克福-纽约则是。
EXAMPLE 3 to paragraph (b): A passenger books a journey on a foreign carrier from New York to Prague. The plane stops for refueling and a crew change in Frankfurt. If,after deplaning in Frankfurt, the passengers originating in New York reboard the aircraft(or a different aircraft, assuming the flight number remains the same) and continue to Prague, they remain on a covered flight for purposes of this Part. This is because their transportation takes place on a direct flight between New York and Prague, even though it had an interim stop in Frankfurt. This example would also apply in the opposite direction (Prague to New York via Frankfurt).
例3:旅客乘坐一家外国承运人从纽约到布拉格的航班。飞机在法兰克福停靠加油并换机组成员 。如果乘客在下飞机后 ,重新登上飞机 (或航班号相同的另一架飞机)飞往布拉格,则全程都属于 “航班”。这是因为该航班是从纽约直飞布拉格 ,虽然在法兰克福有临时经停。反方向亦然 (布拉格经法兰克福到纽约 )。
EXAMPLE 4 to paragraph (b): In Example 3, the foreign carrier is not subject to coverage under this Part with respect to a Frankfurt-originating passenger who boards the aircraft and goes to Prague, or a Prague-originating passenger who gets off the plane in Frankfurt and does not continue to New York.
(c) As a foreign carrier, you are not subject to the requirements of this Part with respect to flights between two foreign points, even with respect to flights involving code-sharing arrangements with U.S. carriers. As a U.S. carrier that participates in a code-sharing arrangement with a foreign carrier with respect to flights between two foreign points, you (as distinct from the foreign carrier) are responsible for ensuring compliance with the service provisions of subparts A through C, F through H, and K with respect to passengers traveling under your code on such a flight.
(c) 运营美国之外两个点的外国承运人,即使与美国承运人有代码共享航班, 也不 用 遵 守 本 条款规定 。而美国承运人 ,与外国承运人在美国外的两个点进行代码共享,则必需负责代码共享航班遵守A到C,F到H,和K部分的要求。
EXAMPLE 1 to this paragraph (c): A passenger buys a ticket from a U.S. carrier for ajourney from New York to Prague. The ticket carries the U.S. carrier’s code and flight number throughout the entire journey. There is a change of carrier and aircraft in Frankfurt, and a foreign carrier operates the Frankfurt-Prague segment. The foreign carrier is not subject to the provisions of Part 382 for the Frankfurt-Prague segment. However, the U.S. carrier must ensure compliance with the applicable provisions of Part 382 on the Frankfurt-Prague segment with respect to passengers flying under its code,and the Department could take enforcement action against the U.S. carrier for acts or omissions by the foreign carrier.
例1:乘客从一家美国承运人购得一张纽约到布拉格的机票。机票全程挂美国承运人的代码和航班号。在法兰克福更换了承运人和飞机 ,由一家外国承运人继续法兰克福 -布拉格的飞行。这家外国承运人在法兰克福-布拉格航段不用遵守本条款。而美国承运人则须在法兰克福-布拉格航段中遵守条款规定,因为旅客的航程是以它的航班号成行的。如果外国承运人出现问题 ,交通部会对美国承运人采取执法行动 。
(d) As a foreign carrier, if you operate a charter flight from a foreign airport to a U.S. airport,and return to a foreign airport, and you do not pick up any passengers in the U.S., the charter flight is not a flight subject to the requirements of this Part.
(d)如果外国承运人 的包机由外国机场飞往美国机场再回到外国机场,其间在美国机场没有 装载其他旅客,则该外国承运人不受本法规约束。
(e) Unless a provision of this Part specifies application to a U.S. carrier or a foreign carrier, the provision applies to both U.S. and foreign carriers.
(e) 如无明确说明该部分条例使用美国承运人还是外国承运人 ,则条例既适用于美国承运人又适用于外国承运人 。
(f) If you are an indirect carrier, §§ 382.17 through 382.157 of this Part do not apply, except insofar as §382.11(b) applies to you.
(f)如果非直接承运人,则不适用 382条款17条-157条,除了在 3 8 2 条 款 1 1 条 ( b ) 涉及 的 范 围 内。
(g) Notwithstanding any provisions of this Part, you must comply with all FAA safety regulations, TSA security regulations, and foreign safety and security regulations having legally mandatory effect that apply to you.
(g)除此之外 ,承运人应该遵守所有的 FAA安全规定 ,TSA安全规定 ,和适用的法律上已经生效的外国安全和安保规定 。
§382.9 What may foreign carriers do if they believe a provision of a foreign nation’s law conflicts with compliance with a provision of this Part.
§ 382.9 如果外国承运人 发现本 国法规与本 条款发生 冲突怎么办 .
(a) If you are a foreign carrier, and you believe that an applicable provision of the law of a foreign nation precludes you from complying with a provision of this Part, you may request a waiver of the provision of this Part.
(a) 如果你是一家外国承运人 ,且发现有外国法规让你无法遵守本条款 ,则可以要求豁免本法规条例 。
(b) You must send such a waiver request to the following address: Assistant General Counsel for Aviation Enforcement and Proceedings, C-70 U.S. Department of Transportation 1200 New Jersey Avenue, S.E., Room W96-322 Washington, D.C. 20590
(b) 您需将豁免申请发送到以下地址:
(c) 豁免申请需使用英语且包含以下内容 :
(1) A copy, in the English language, of the foreign
law
(2) A description of how the foreign law applies and how it precludes compliance with a provision of this Part;
(2) 解释该外国法律的适用条件且说明为何会阻止你遵守本 条款 ;
(3) A description of the alternative means the carrier will use, if the waiver is granted, to effectively achieve the objective of the provision of this Part subject to the waiver or, if applicable, a justification of why it would be impossible to achieve this objective in any way.
(3) 如果豁免申请通过 ,要准备一份承运人用来有效完成本法规豁免部分的预定目标的替换方案 ,或者这种豁免是可行的 ,要出示一份说明解释为什么无法完成本条例的目的 。
(d) The Department may grant the waiver request, or grant the waiver request subject to conditions, if it determines that the foreign law applies, that it does preclude compliance with a provision of this Part, and that the carrier has provided an effective alternative means of achieving the objective of the provisions of this Part subject to the waiver or have demonstrated by clear and convincing evidence that it would be impossible to achieve this objective in any way.
(d) 如果交通部认为外国法律适用,使外国承运人不能遵守本法规规定, 且该 外 国 承 运 人提 供 了 替 代 方 案 来有效达到本法规豁免部分的预定目标 ,或是清晰有说服性的证据证明无论如何也无法实现这些目标 ,则交通部可能同意豁免申请 ,或是有条件的豁免 。
(e) (1) If you submit a waiver request on or before September 10, 2008, the Department will, to the maximum extent feasible, respond to the request before May 13, 2009. If the Department does not respond to the waiver request by May 13, 2009, you may continue to implement the policy or practice that is the subject of your request until the Department does respond. The Department will not take enforcement action with respect to your implementation of the policy or practice during the time prior to the Department’s response.
(e) (1) 如果你在08年9月10前提出豁免申请 ,交通部会尽可能在 0 9 年 5 月 1 3 日 前 回 复。如果在此日期之前没有回复,则你必须继续执行本法规规定或措施,直到交通部答复。在答复前 ,交通部不会强制承运人执行本法规规定。
(2) If you submit a waiver request after September 10, 2009, the Department will, to the maximum extent feasible, respond to the request by May 13, 2009 or within 180 days of receiving it, whichever is later. If the Department does not respond to the waiver request by this date, you may continue to implement the policy or practice that is the subject of your request until the Department does respond. However, the Department may take enforcement action with respect to your implementation of the policy or practice during the time between May 13, 2009 and the date of the Department’s response.
(2) 如果你在 08年9月10之后提出豁免申请 ,交通部会尽可能在 0 9 年 5 月 1 3 日前 回 复 或 在 收 到 要 求 180天内回复,两者都会晚于法规生效日期 。如果在此日期之前没有回复,则你必需继续执行本法规规定或作法,直到交通部答复。但 对 于2009年5月13日到交通部答复的这段时间内承运人出现不符合规定的执行情况 ,交通部将会采取执法行动 。
(3) If you submit a waiver request after September 10, 2008, of a foreign nation that did not exist on September 10, 2008, you may continue to implement the policy or practice that is the subject of your request until the Department responds to the request. The Department will, to the maximum extent feasible,respond to such requests within 180 days of receiving them. The Department will not take enforcement action with respect to your implementation of the policy or practice during the time prior to the Department’s response.
(3) 如果你在08年9月10之后提出豁免申请,且该要求属于08年9月10日以后生效的外国法律的一个条款 ,你需继续执行本法规规定或作法 ,直到交通部答复。交通部会尽可能在收到要求 180天内回复 。交通部不会对回复前承运人的执行情况采取执法行动 。
(f) Notwithstanding any other provision of this section, the Department may commence enforcement action at any time after May 13, 2009 with respect to the policy or practice that is the subject of the request if it finds the request to be frivolous or dilatory.
(f) 不论以上如何规定 ,如果发现豁免申请很轻率或是为了拖延时间,交通部会在2009年5月13日之后任何时间开始执法行动 。
(g) If you have not submitted a request for a waiver under this section with respect to a provision of this Part, or such a request has been denied, you cannot raise the alleged existence of such a conflict as a defense to an enforcement action.
(g)如果没有根据本节要求提交豁免申请,或是申请被拒 ,则不能在交通部采取执行行动时以法规存在冲突为借口。
382.10 How does a U.S. or foreign carrier obtain a determination that it is providing an equivalent alternative to passengers with disabilities.
§ 382.10 美国承运人或外国承运人如何获得交通部确定其提供了针对残疾旅客的对等替代方案 .
(a) As a U.S. or foreign carrier, you may apply to the Department for a determination that you are providing an equivalent alternative to passengers with disabilities.
(a) 如果是美国承运人 ,应该向交通部申请确认你提供了针对残疾旅客的对等替代方案 。
(b) You must send your application for an equivalent alternative determination to the following address: Assistant General Counsel for Aviation Enforcement and Proceedings (C-70) U.S. Department of Transportation 1200 New Jersey Avenue, S.E., Room W96-322 Washington, D.C. 20590
(b) 必须将申请替代方案确认信 寄到以下地址
:Assistant General Counsel for Aviation Enforcement and Proceedings (C–70), U.S. Department of Transportation, 1200 New Jersey Avenue, SE., Room W96–322, Washington, DC 20590.
(c) Your application must be in English and include the following elements:
(c)申请应该使用英文且包含以下内容 :
(1) A citation to the specific provision of this Part concerning which you are proposing an equivalent alternative.
(1) 引用你建议提供替代方案的本规定条款 。
(2) A detailed description of the alternative policy, practice, or other accommodation you are proposing to use in place of compliance with the provision of this Part that you cite, and an explanation of how it provides substantially equivalent accessibility to passengers with disabilities.
(2)详细说明用来代替上面引用条款的替代政策、实践或其它允许措施,并说明这些措施是如何能够对残疾人旅客提供对等的便利性和开放度。
(d) The Department may grant the application, or grant the application subject to conditions, if it determines that the proposed facilitation does provide substantially equivalent accessibility to passengers with disabilities, compared to compliance with the provision of this Part in question.
(d) 如果确认建议的替代方案与相关条款相比能够对残疾人旅客提供对等的便利 性和开放度 ,交通部可能批准申请 ,或是 限制性 批准申请 。
(e) If your application is granted, you will be deemed to be in compliance with this Part through implementing the equivalent alternative. If your application is denied, you must implement this Part as written.
(e) 如果批准通过 ,则会被认为承运人将通过执行对等替代方案遵守该法规。如 果申 请 被 拒 ,则必须 遵守此处条款规定 。
(f)(1) If you submit your application on or before September 10, 2008, the Department will respond to the request before May 13, 2009 to the maximum extent feasible. If the Department does not respond to the application by May 13, 2009, you may implement your policy or practice that is the subject of your application until the Department does respond. (f)(1) 如果你在 08年9月10前提出豁免申请 ,交通部会尽可能在 0 9 年 5 月 1 3 日前 回 复。如果在此日期之前没有回复,则你必须 继续执行本法规规定或作法 , 直 到 交 通 部 答 复 。
(2) With respect to an application you make after September 10, 2008, you must comply with the provisions of this Part without change from May 13, 2009 until the Department responds to your application.
(2) 对于 2008 年9月10日之后提出申请的 ,必须 在2008 年9月13日到交通部答复前遵守法规内容 ,直至交通部回复。
Subpart B Nondiscrimination and Access to Services 子条例 B 不歧视与服务的提供
§382.11 What is the general nondiscrimination requirement of this Part.
§ 382.11 不歧视的总体要求 是什么 .
(a) As a carrier, you must not do any of the following things, either directly or through a contractual, licensing, or other arrangement:
(a) 承运人不得直接或是通过承包 、许可或其它途径做下列事情:
(1) You must not discriminate against any qualified individual
with a disability, by reason of such disability, in the provision of air transportation;
(1) 在航空运输规定中 ,不能以残疾为由 ,歧视符合乘机条件的残疾旅客 ;
(2) You must not require a qualified individual with a disability to accept special services (including, but not limited to, preboarding) that the individual does not request. However, you may require preboarding as a condition of receiving certain seating or in-cabin stowage accommodation s, as specified in §§382.83(c), 382.85(b), and 382.123(a) of this Part.
(2) 不能要求符合乘机条件的残疾人旅客接受 其本人 没有提出需求的特殊服务(包括 ,但不限于 ,优先登机)。 但是 如在旅客要求 特定座椅或客舱存放辅助设备的情况下 ,可以 要求旅客提前登机 ,具体如 §382.83(c), 382.85(b), 和382.123(a) 规定 ;
(3) You must not exclude a qualified individual with a disability from or deny the person the benefit of any air transportation or related services that are available to other persons, except where specifically permitted by this Part. This is true even if there are separate or different services available for individuals with a disability, except when specifically permitted by another section of this Part; and
(3) 不能剥夺残疾人旅客享受其它旅客可以享受的任何航空运输或相关服务,B部分有特别说明的除外 。这一条同样适用于对残疾人提供单独 、不同的服务的情况下 ,B部分有特殊说明的除外 ;
(4) You must not take any adverse action against an individual (e.g., refusing to provide transportation) because the individual asserts, on his or her own behalf or through or on behalf of others, rights protected by this Part or the Air Carrier Access Act.
(4) 不能对代表自己 、代表别人 、或是由 别人代表要求获得本规定或 ACAA 保护 的 旅 客 采 取 不 利 行 为 (如拒绝运输)。
(b) If, as an indirect carrier, you provide facilities or services for other carriers that are covered by sections 382.17 those sections.
(b)对非直接承运人,如果给其它承运人提供的设施或服务在 382.17-382.157 中有规定 ,则必需符合这些规定 的要求 。
§382.13 Do carriers have to modify policies, practices, and facilities to ensure nondiscrimination.
§ 382.13 承运人是否需要修改政策 、惯例和设施以确保 提供不歧视 残疾人的航空运输.
(a) As a carrier, you must modify your policies, practices, and facilities when needed to provide nondiscriminatory service to a particular individual with a disability, consistent with the standards of section 504 of the Rehabilitation Act, as amended.
(a) 承运人应该在需要时根据美国修订版的 《康复法 》第504部分 (1973 年 ) 修 改 政 策 、惯例和设施以 便对残疾人 提供非歧视性服务 。
(b) 除了本法规规定的特殊便利条件外 ,这一要求也是承运人整体不歧视义务中的一部分 。
(c) However, you are not required to make modifications that would constitute an undue burden or would fundamentally alter your program.
(c) 但是 ,不要求承运人做出带来额外负担或是根本改变业务的修改 。
§382.15 Do carriers have to make sure that contractors comply with the requirements of this Part.
§ 382.15 承运人是否应该确保承包商符合本规定要求 .
(a) As a carrier, you must make sure that your contractors that provide services to the public (including airports where to you if you provided the services yourself.
(a) 如果承运人自己提供服务时适用该规定要求 ,则承运人应该确保对公众提供服务的承包商 (包括适用该规定的机场 )也满足本规定的要求。
(b) As a carrier, you must include an assurance of compliance with this Part in your contracts with any contractors that provide services to the public that are subject to the requirements of this Part. Noncompliance with this assurance is a material breach of the contract on the contractor ’s part.
(b) 针对于本条款要求 ,承运人应该在与承包商 的合同中包含一个遵守保证 。承包 商 没 有 达 到 保 证 要 求 就 是 对 合 同 的 事实违反。
(1) This assurance must commit the contractor to compliance with all applicable provisions of this Part in activities performed on behalf of the carrier.
(2)保证还应该让承包商承诺根据 §382.151-382.153要求,执行投诉处理人发出的指令。
(c) As a U.S. carrier, you must also include such an assurance of compliance in your contracts or agreements of appointment with U.S. travel agents. You are not required to include such an assurance in contracts with foreign travel agents.
(c) 对美国承运人 ,还应该在与指定的美国旅行社签订的合同或协议中加入一个类似的遵守保证 。与外国旅行社的合同则不作要求。
(d) You remain responsible for your contractors ’ compliance with this Part and for enforcing the assurances in your contracts with them.
It is not a defense against an enforcement action by the Department under this Part that your noncompliance resulted from action or inaction by a contractor.
(e) 承包商的作为或不作为引起的不遵守不能成为阻止交通部执法行动的理由。
§382.17 May carriers limit the number of passengers with a disability on a flight.
§ 382.17 承运人可以限制一个航班上的残疾旅客数量吗.
§382.19 May carriers refuse to provide transportation on the basis of disability.
§ 382.19 承运人能否以残疾为理由拒绝为 残疾人 旅客提供运输服务 .
(a) As a carrier, you must not refuse to provide transportation to a passenger with a disability on the basis of his or her disability, except as specifically permitted by this Part.
(c) You may refuse to provide transportation to any passenger on the basis of safety, as provided in 49 U.S.C. 44902 or 14 CFR 121.533, or to any passenger whose carriage would violate FAA or TSA requirements or applicable requirements of a foreign government.
(c) 可以根据U.S.C.44902或14 CFR 121.53349规定的安全原因拒绝对旅客提供运输服务 ,或是拒绝运输任何违反 FAA或TSA条例 或外国政府适用 的法 规 的 旅 客。
(1) You can determine that there is a disability-related safety basis for refusing to provide transportation to a passenger with a disability if you are able to demonstrate that the passenger poses a direct threat (see definition in §382.3). In determining whether an individual poses a direct threat, you must make an individualized assessment, based on reasonable judgment that relies on current medical knowledge or on the best available objective evidence, to ascertain:
(1) 如果可以证实旅客构成直接威胁 (见§ 382.3定义),承运人 可以 因相 关残疾 (危及 )安全为由拒绝提供运输。要确定一个人是否构成直接威胁,承运人 需要对其进行个别评估,依靠医学最易获得的客观证据作出合理 判 断 ,以确认 :
(i) the nature, duration, and severity of the risk; 风险的性质 、期限和严重性 ;
(ii) 对其他旅客健康和安全潜在危害发生的可能性 ;以及
(iii) whether reasonable modifications of policies, practices, or procedures will mitigate the risk.
(iii) 是否可以通过合理的修改政策 、惯例或程序减轻风险。
(2) If you determine that the passenger does pose a direct threat, you mus t select the least restrictive response from the point of view of the passenger, consistent with protecting the health and safety of others. For example, you must not refuse transportation to the passenger if you can protect the health and safety of others by means short of a refusal.
如果确定旅客确实构成直接威胁,应该从旅客的角度选择限制最小、同 时 也 符 合保 护 其 他 旅 客健康 和 安全的 解 决 方 案 ,同时也符合保护其他旅客健康和安全的要求 。例如 ,如果对 (残疾旅客 )的一些限制 也可以保护其他旅客健康和安全,就不应该拒绝运输该旅客。
(3) 在实施权利时,不能违背本规定条款要求。
(4) If your actions are inconsistent with any of the provisions of this Part, you are subject to enforcement action under Subpart K of this Part.
(4) 如果承运人行动与本规定条例不一致,交通部会根据K部分规定实施执法行动。
(d) If you refuse to provide transportation to a passenger on his or her originally-scheduled flight on a basis relating to the individual’s disability, you must provide to the person a written statement of the reason for the refusal. This statement must include the specific basis for the carrier's opinion that the refusal meets the standards of paragraph (c) of this section or is otherwise specifically permitted by this Part. You must provide this written statement to the person within 10 calendar days of the refusal of transportation.
(d)如果因残疾原因拒绝为旅客提供原定航程 ,承运人必须 提供一份书面声明 ,解释拒绝原因 。声明应该指出承运人意见符合本节 (c)条的标准 , 或 是 在 本 规 定 中 有 特 别 说 明 。应该在拒绝运输 10天内向被拒旅客提供这份书面声明 。
§382.21 May carriers limit access to transportation on the basis that a passenger has a communicable disease or other medical condition.
§ 382.21 承运人是否可以以旅客有传染性疾病或其它疾病为由限制运输条件.
(a) You must not do any of the following things on the basis that a passenger has a communicable disease or infection, unless you determine that the passenger’s condition poses a direct threat:
(a) 除非能确定旅客的身体状况构成直接威胁 ,承运人不得对有传染病的旅客做出以下行为 :
(1) Refuse to provide transportation to the passenger; 拒绝对旅客提供运输;
(2) 延迟旅客运输 (如要求旅客乘坐下一趟航班 );
(3) Impose on the passenger any condition, restriction, or requirement not imposed on other passengers; or
(3) 对残疾旅客强加其他旅客没有的任何条件、限制或要求;或是
(4) Require the passenger to provide a medical certificate.(4) 要求旅客提供健康证明。
(b) In assessing whether the passenger ’s condition poses a direct threat, you must apply the provisions of § 3 8 2 . 1 9 (c) ( 1 )-(2) of this subpart.
(b) 评估旅客健康状况是否构成直接威胁,应该适用 § 3 8 2 . 1 9 (c) ( 1 ) –(2)的条款 。
(1)
(2)
In making this assessment, you must consider the significance of the consequences of a communicable disease and the degree to which it can be readily transmitted by casual contact in an aircraft cabin environment.
(3)
EXAMPLE 1 TO THIS PARAGRAPH (b)(2): The common cold is readily transmissible in an aircraft cabin environment but does not have severe health consequences. Someone with a cold would not pose a direct threat.
例1:普通感冒在客舱环境下很容易传播,但不会导致严重健康后果。 感冒 的 人不构成直接威胁;
EXAMPLE 2 TO THIS PARAGRAPH (b)(2): AIDS has very severe health consequences but is not readily transmissible in an aircraft cabin environment. Someone would not pose a direct threat because he or she is HIV-positive or has AIDS.
EXAMPLE 3 TO THIS PARAGRAH (b)(2): SARS may be readily transmissible in an aircraft cabin environment and has severe health consequences. Someone with SARS probably poses a direct threat.
例3:非典在客舱环境很容易传播且会造成严重后果。非典患者构成直接威胁。
(c)如果携带感染性疾病的旅客构成直接威胁 ,但提供了 一份 § 382.23(c)(2) 要求的医疗证明解释可以采取措施阻止疾病在飞机正常飞行过程中传播 ,则必需给该旅客提供运输,无法采取这些措施的除外 。
(d) 如果承运 人根据本节内容采取相应行动而 导致旅客行程延误的 ,必须允许旅客在之后的时间 (延误之日起 90天内 )以原定行程的票价乘坐飞机 , 不 收 取 (变更 )费用 ,或是如果旅客要求,必须对任何未使用航班,包括回程航班提供退款 。
(e) If you take any action under this section that restricts a passenger’s travel, you must, on the passenger’s request, provide a written explanation within 10 days of the request.
(e) 如果采取本节限制旅客旅行的行动 ,必需在旅客要求时,于10天内提供一份书面解释。
§382.23 May carriers require a passenger with a disability to provide a medical certificate.
§ 382.23 承运人能否要求残疾旅客提供医疗证明 .
(a) Except as provided in this section, you must not require a passenger with a disability to have a medical certificate as a condition for being provided transportation.
(a)如本节没有特别说明 ,不能把旅客提供医疗证明作为其登机的条件。
(b)(1) You may require a medical certificate for a passenger with a disability –
(b)(1) 对以下旅客,可以要求其出示医疗证明
(i) Who is traveling in a stretcher or incubator; 使用 担架或 保温箱运送婴儿 的乘客;
(iii) Whose medical condition is such that there is reasonable doubt that the individual can complete the flight safely, without requiring extraordinary medical assistance during the flight.
(iii) 健康状况让人有合理理由怀疑无法在没有额外医疗辅助的情况下安全完成飞行的乘客。
(2) For purposes of this paragraph, a medical certificate is a written statement from the passenger's physician saying that the passenger is capable of completing the flight safely, without requiring extraordinary medical assistance during the flight.
(4)
(5)
EXAMPLE to this paragraph (b)(3):A passenger who schedules a flight from New York to London on January 15 with a return on April 15 would have to show a medical certificate dated January 5 or later. The passenger would not have to show a second medical certificate dated April 5 or later.
例:旅客 定于 1月15纽约到伦敦航班415航。 旅客必须具 1月5日r或之后开的医疗证明。 (回程航班)再出示第二份医疗证明 。
(c)(1) You may also require a medical certificate for a passenger if he or she has a communicable disease or condition that could pose a direct threat to the health or safety of others on the flight.
(c)(1) 可以要求患有传染性疾病或其健康状况对航班上其他人的安全和健康构成直接威胁的旅客提供医疗证明。
(2) For purposes of this paragraph, a medical certificate is a written statement from the passenger's physician saying that the disease or infection would not, under the present conditions in the particular passenger's case, be communicable to other persons during the normal course of a flight. The medical certificate must state any conditions or precautions that would have to be observed to prevent the transmission of the disease or infection to other persons in the normalcourse of a flight. A medical certificate under this paragraph must be dated within 10 days of the date of the flight for which it is presented.
(2) 本段所指的医疗证明是指由旅客的医生 出具的说明旅客的疾病或传染病在当前情 况下 ,不会在正常航班过程中传染给其他人的书面声明 。该 医 疗 证 明 必 须 说明防止疾病或传染病在航班正常飞行中传染所需观察的状况或预防措施 。本段 所指的医疗证明必须 在距航班日期 10天内出具方有效 。
(d) As a carrier, you may require that a passenger with a medical certificate undergo additional medical review by you if there is a legitimate medical reason for believing that there has been a significant adverse change in the passenger’s condition since the issuance of the medical certificate or that the certificate significantly understates the passenger’s risk to the health of other persons on the flight. If the results of this medical review demonstrate that the passenger,notwithstanding the medical certificate, is likely to be unable to complete the flight without requiring extraordinary medical assistance (e.g., the passenger has apparent significant difficulty in breathing, appears to be in substantial pain, etc.) or would pose a direct threat to the health or safety of other persons on the flight, you may take an action otherwise prohibited under §382.23(a) of this Part.
(d) 如果有合法医疗原因怀疑旅客身体状况比开具医疗证明时恶化 ,或是证明大大低估了该乘客对航班上其他旅客的风险 ,承运人可以要求持有医疗证明的旅客进行额外医疗检查。如果医疗检查结果显示旅客不能在没有额外医疗辅助的情况下完成航班飞行 (如旅客出现明显呼吸困难,承受着极大痛苦等 )或是对航班上其他旅客的安全健康构成直接威胁,承运人可以采取 § 382.23(a) 一般禁止的行动 。
§382.25 May a carrier require a passenger with a disability to provide advance notice that he or she is traveling on a flight.
§ 382.25 承运人能否要求残疾旅客提前通知承运人她或他将搭乘航班.
As a carrier, you must not require a passenger with a disability to provide advance notice of the fact that he or she is traveling on a flight.
不能 。
§382.27 May a carrier require a passenger with a disability to provide advance notice in order to obtain certain specific services in connection with a flight.
§ 382.27 承运人能否要求残疾旅客提前通知承运人以获得航班上特定的特殊服务.
(a) Except as provided in paragraphs (b) and (c) of this section and sections 382.133(c)(3) and 382.133(d)(3), as a carrier you must not require a passenger with a disability to provide advance notice in order to obtain services or accommodations required by this Part.
(a)除本段 (b)和§§ 382.133(c)(3) 及382.133(d)(3) 规定外 ,承运人不能提出这种要求 。
(b) You may require a passenger with a disability to provide up to 72 hours’ advance notice and check in one hour before the check-in time for the general public to receive carrier - supplied inflight medical oxygen on international flights, 48 hours’ advance notice and check-in one hour before the check-in time for the general public to receive carrier-supplied
in-flight medical oxygen on domestic flights, and 48 hours’ advance notice and check-in one hour before the check -in time for the general public to use his/her ventilator, respirator, CPAP machine or POC.
以下服务和座位:(c)(1) 到(c)(3) 为可选 ,不要求提供,但可以选择提供 。
(1) Carriage of an incubator; 保温箱运送婴儿的车架;
(2) 呼吸器、呼吸机 、持续气道正压通气呼吸机或便携式氧气浓缩器连接到机上电力 系统的连接装置;
(3) Accommodation for a passenger who must travel in a stretcher;(3) 担架旅客安置;
(4) Transportation for an electric wheelchair on an aircraft with fewer than 60 seats;
(4) 在小于60个座椅的飞机上运输一架 电动轮椅;
(5) Provision of hazardous materials packaging for batteries or other assistive devices that are required to have such packaging;
(5) 提供需要特殊包装的电池或其它辅助装置所需要的危险品包装;
(6) Accommodation for a group of ten or more qualified individuals with a disability, who make reservations and travel as a group; and
(6)为10人或10人以上 ,符合乘机条件的残疾人旅客 团体 提供座位 ;和
(7) Provision of an on-board wheelchair on an aircraft with more than 60 seats that does not have an accessible lavatory.
(7) 在座椅超过 60但没有残疾人专用卫生间的飞机上提供机上轮椅。
(8) Transportation of an emotional support or psychiatric service animal in the cabin;
(9) Transportation of a service animal on a flight segment scheduled to take 8 hours or more;
(10) 运输视觉、听觉都有严重障碍的旅客 (见§ 382.29(b)(4)) 。
(d) If the passenger with a disability provides the advance notice you require, consistent with this section, for a service that you must provide (see paragraphs (c)(4) through (10) of this section) or choose to provide (see paragraphs (c)(1)
through (c)(3) of this section), you must provide the requested service or accommodation.
(e) 承人的订)Vii其它系统应该确保当旅客按照本节规提前告知其需求时 ,并将此信息及时清晰的传达给负责提供所需服务的人员。
(f) If a passenger with a disability provides the advance notice is forced to change to another flight (e.g., because of a flight cancellation), you must, to the maximum extent feasible, provide the accommodation on the new flight. If the new flight is another carrier’s flight, you must provide the maximum feasible assistance to the other carrier in providing the accommodation the passenger requested from you.
如果一名残疾人旅客按照本节要求提前 了通知承运人且该旅客被迫改乘下一趟航班 (如由于航班取消 ), 承运人必须尽最大可能 ,在新航班上为其提供安排 。如果新航班是另一个承运人的 ,则原承运人 必须 提供最大的协助帮另一家承运人为旅客提供其要求的服务和安排 。
(g) 如果旅客没有符合承运人按本节规定的提前通知或登机的要求,承运人也应该在不延误航班的情况下尽力提供旅客所需的服务或安排。
§382.29 May a carrier require a passenger with a disability to travel with a safety assistant.
§ 382.29 承运人能否要求残疾人旅客在飞行时有一名安全陪同.
(a) Except as provided in paragraph (b) of this section, you must not require that a passenger with a disability travel with another person as a condition of being provided air transportation.
(b) 如果认为安全陪同对旅客安全至关重要,承运人可以要求属于以下类别的残疾人旅客有一位安全陪同 ,并以此为提供运输的条件 :
(1) A passenger traveling in a stretcher or incubator. The safety assistant for such a person must be capable of attending to the passenger's in-flight medical needs;
(2) 由于精神障碍而无法理解承运人的安全指示的旅客,包括14 CFR 121.571(a)(3) 和(a)(4) or 14 CFR 135.117(b) A 要求的安全告知 ,或外国承运人所属政府的安全规定 (如适用);
(3) A passenger with a mobility impairment so severe that the person is unable to physically assist in his or her own evacuation of the aircraft;
(3) 移动障碍严重,不能自助撤离飞机的旅客;
(2) 对本节 (b)(4) ,承运人如果与旅客个人意见不同,且认定以下几点 , 则 可 以 要 求该 听 力 和 视 力 都 有 严 重 障 碍 的 旅 客 必 须 有一名安全陪同 –
(i) the means of communication that the individual has explained to you does not adequately satisfy the objectives identified in paragraph (b)(4) of this section; or
(ii) 旅客建议使用手写的方式沟通,但在旅客告知 后,承运人无法 安排一名机组成员用这个方法在航班过程中与旅客沟通 。
(3) If a passenger voluntarily chooses to travel with a personal care attendant or safety assistant that you do not require, you may charge for the transportation of that person.
(3) 如果承运人没有要求而旅客自愿带一名安全陪同 ,则承运人可以对陪同人员 收费。
(d) If, because there is not a seat available on a flight for a safety assistant whom the carrier has determined to be reservation is unable to travel on the flight, you must compensate the passenger with a disability in an amount to be calculated as provided for instances of involuntary denied boarding under 14 CFR Part 250,where Part 250 applies.
(d)如果承运人要求残疾旅客必须有安全陪同人但航班没有可利用座位 ,导 致 已 订 座 残 疾 旅 客 无 法 成 行 ,则承运人必须按适用 条例250,根据 14 CFR part 250 非自愿被拒 绝登机的规定数额赔偿旅客 。
(e) For purposes of determining whether a seat is available for a safety assistant, you must deem the safety assistant to have checked in at the same time as the passenger with a disability.
要确定安全陪同是否有可利用座位 ,必须让 安全陪同与残疾旅客同时办理登机手续 。
(f)旅客可能需要个人照顾 (股协助使用卫生间 ,进食), 并不能作为承运人要求旅客必须有安 全陪同人员的考虑因素 。承运人应该在对员工的培训或信息中清楚表达 ,你可以告诉旅客 承运人员工并无责任 提供这类服务。
§382.31 May carriers impose special charges on passengers with a disability for providing services and accommodations required by this rule.
§ 382.31 承运人能否就提供本法规要求的服务和协助 收取特殊费用.
(a) Except as otherwise provided in this Part you must not, as a carrier, impose charges for providing facilities, equipment, or services that this rule requires to be provided to passengers with a disability. You may charge for services that this Part does not require.
(b) 如果旅客的体型或身体状况 (如使用担架 )导致旅客占有1个以上座位, 则 承 运 人 可 以 对 额 外 占 有 座 位 收 费 。这不算是特殊费用。
(c) If your web site that passengers use to make reservations or purchase tickets is not accessible to a passenger with a disability, you must not charge a fee to the passenger who is consequently unable to make a reservation or purchase a ticket on that site for using another booking method (e.g., making a reservation by phone). If a discount is made available to a passenger who books a flight using an inaccessible web site, you must make that discount available to a passenger with a disability who cannot use the web site and who purchases a ticket from you using another method.
(c) 如果旅客用于订座或购票的网站残疾旅客无法使用 ,则承运人不能对旅客使用其它订座手段 (如通过电话订票 )收费 。如果一般旅客通过残疾旅客不能使用的网站订票可以享有一定折扣,则通过其它方式购票的残疾人旅客应该同样享有相同折扣。
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