91. At that time, people believed more in religion than in facts and people like Galilei, who proved scientific ideas such as “the Earth is not the centre of the universe”, were often punished by the church with no one coming to their defence.

【句式翻译】 那时，人们更多的相信宗教，而不是实事。像伽利略这样证明了例如“地球不是宇宙的中心”等科学观点的人常常被教会惩罚。

【句式分析】本句包含一个定语从句，who proved scientific ideas…修饰先行词Galilei。

【词语点拨】1) believe in 相信，信仰

Our teacher always tell us to believe in what we do and who we are if we want to succeed.

老师总是告诉我们要想成功，就要相信我们所能做的事情并相信我们自己。

Do you believe in God? 你信仰上帝吗？

2) punish vt.惩罚，处罚                    

The students are punished for cheating on the exam. 这些学生因为考试作弊而受惩罚。

【语法点拨】 1)本句中定语从句，who proved scientific ideas…修饰先行词Galilei; who作为关系代词引导非限制性定语从句指人，在从句中作主语或宾语，不能与that 互换。如：

Although his teachers predicted a career in acting, Rowan was not convinced himself, until he met a group of talented people at university, who were involved in theatre, and he realized this could a career for him.

虽然他的老师预言他将来从事表演事业，但是罗恩自己并没有信服，直到在大学遇到一群从事剧院工作的天才人物，他才意识到表演可能是他的事业。

2) with + n/pron+doing/ done/ to/ adj/ adv/ prep 是with的复合结构，通常作状语。

With prices going up so fast, we can’t afford luxuries.

由于物价猛涨，我们买不起高档商品。

They sat together around the table, with the door shut. 他们关着门围桌而坐。

With you to help us, we’ll surely succeed. 有你来帮忙，我们一定会成功。

He fell asleep with the window open. 开着窗户他就睡着了。

He left the room with the light on. 灯亮着他就离开了房间。

With tears of joy in her eyes, she saw her daughter married.

她眼里噙着泪水，看着女儿结婚。

 

92. So much of our knowledge and understanding of the world today is due to people like Bacon and Galilei, who were brave enough to step out from the shadows of conventional thought in order to find the kingdom of knowledge that today’s civilization is built upon .

【句式翻译】我们今天对世界拥有这么多的知识和理解，是因为有培根和伽利略这样的人，为了发现建造今天文明的知识王国，他们勇敢的从传统思想的阴影中走出。

【句式分析】本句包含两个定语从句，who were brave enough…修饰先行词Bacon and Galilei；that today’s civilization…修饰先行词the kingdom of knowledge。

【词语点拨】1) due to 由于

I think I would be a good journalist due to my language skills.

由于我的语言技能，我想我可以成为一名出色的记者。

2) enough adj. 足够的，充足的；adv. 足够地，充分地, (用于动词、形容词、副词之后)

There is enough food for ten people. 有足够的10 个人吃的食物。

Don’t you think this arm is strong enough to carry a shopping basket?

难道你就不觉得我的胳膊足够强壮能提动购物篮吗？

【语法点拨】in order to 为了，以便；相当于so as to, 但 so as to 一般不用于句首。如：

In order to find a better job, he decided to study a second foreign language.

为了找个更好的工作，他决定再学一门外语。

We’ll have to save as much as possible in order to / so as to pay for the new house.

为了买新房子，我们不得不尽量节约。

 

93. Others blamed colleagues, who tuck into fatty lunches and snackes unaware of the effect thatit has on the dieter, while mothers who polish off their children’s leftovers was another common cause of weight gain. 

【句式翻译】其他人责备同事，他们狼吞虎咽的吃含脂肪高的食物和零食，不知道这对节食者的影响，而妈妈们常会迅速吃光孩子们的剩饭被认为是另一个导致体重增加的普遍原因。

【句式分析】本句包含三个定语从句，who tuck into fatty lunches…修饰先行词colleagues; that it has…修饰先行词the effect; who polish off…修饰先行词mothers。

【词语点拨】1) tuck into sth 痛快地吃某物

He tucked into the ham hungrily regardless of our feelings.

他不顾我们的感受狼吞虎咽地大吃火腿。

2) be unaware of sth/ that 不知道，未觉察

Lost in thought, he was unaware of my presence/ that I was present.

陷入沉思，他没有觉察到我在场。

3) have (an) effect on / upon 对……起作用， 对……产生影响

Early people had very little effect on the environment. 早期人类对环境没有多少影响。

4) polish sth off 迅速做完某事

He was so hungry that he polished off a big plateful of food.

他如此饥饿以致于迅速吃光了一大盘的食物。

【语法点拨】本句中定语从句，who tuck into fatty lunches…修饰先行词colleagues; that it has…修饰先行词the effect; who polish off…修饰先行词mothers。that作为关系代词引导定语从句指人或物，在从句中作主语、宾语或表语，具体用法参见第72句；who 作为关系代词引导定语从句指人并在从句中作主语或宾语，具体用法参见第70句和第85句。

 

94. Although his teachers predicted a career in acting, Rowan was not convinced himself, until he met a group of talented people at university, who were involved in theatre, and he realized this could a career for him.

【句式翻译】虽然他的老师预言他将来从事表演事业，但是罗恩自己并没有信服，直到在大学遇到一群从事剧院工作的天才人物，他才意识到表演可能是他的事业。

【句式分析】本句包含一个定语从句，who were involved in…修饰先行词a group of talented people。

【词语点拨】1) predict vt. 预言，预计

Population experts predict that most people will live in cities in the near future.

人口专家预言，在不久的将来大多数人都会住到城市里。

It has been predicted that mobile phones will provide English learning programs by 2030.

预计到2030年手机将能提供英语学习程序。

2) convinced adj. 确信的，坚信的

Sam nodded but he didn’t look convinced. 山姆点了点头，但似乎半信半疑。

3) be /get involved in/ with 参加，加入

Children can get a lot out of being involved in volunteer work.

孩子们通过参加志愿者工作会学到很多东西。

【语法点拨】本句中定语从句，who were involved in…修饰先行词a group of talented people ; who作为关系代词引导非限制性定语从句指人，在从句中作主语或宾语，不能与that 互换，具体用法参见第91句。

 

95. After many years of studying and then listening to feedback from people who have read and used the information in his books, George discovered that there are three basic things that people need in order to make eating healthy foods their regular way of eating.

【句式翻译】经过多年的研究，并且倾听了那些读过和使用过他书内信息的人的意见反馈后，乔治发现要使食用健康食物成为人们日常饮食生活方式，人们需要三项基本的东西。

【句式分析】本句包含两个定语从句，who have read and used…修饰先行词people; that people need 修饰先行词three basic things。

【词语点拨】1) discover vt. 发现，找到

Scientists around the world are working to discover a cure for Aids.

2) regular adj. 规则的，有规律的；频繁的，经常做的; 惯常的，通常的

There is a regular bus service to the airport. 有班车定时发往机场。

He is a regular visitor to her house. 他是她家的常客。

It’s important to follow the regular procedure按照惯常的程序行事很重要。

【语法点拨】本句中定语从句，who have read and used…修饰先行词people; that people need 修饰先行词three basic things; who作为关系代词引导非限制性定语从句指人，在从句中作主语或宾语，不能与that 互换，具体用法参见第85句; that作为关系代词引导定语从句指人或物，在从句中作主语、宾语或表语，具体用法参见第72句。

 

96. The real reason why I ask students to leave technology at the door is that I think there are very few places in which we can have deep conversations and truly engage in complex ideas.

【句式翻译】我让学生远离科技的真正原因是我认为很少有我们能进行深入谈话和真正探讨复杂想法的场所。 

【句式分析】本句包含两个定语从句，why I ask students to…修饰先行词the real reason; in which we can …修饰先行词few places。

【词语点拨】1) engage (sb) in /on （使某人）参加，参与（活动）

The program aims to encourage students to engage themselves in making a difference in society. 这个项目旨在鼓励学生投入社会，发挥自己的作用。

2) complex adj. 复杂的，复合的

The link between money and happiness is complex. 金钱与幸福之间关系复杂。

【语法点拨】本句中定语从句why I ask students to…修饰先行词the real reason; in which we can…修饰先行词few places; why作为关系副词引导定语从句在从句中作原因状语,具体用法参见第74句；in which…引导的定语从句属于介词+关系代词，在此结构中指物只能用which。具体用法参见第68句。

 

97. It is a network of offices, some of which provide food and houses for the homeless population, and some of which fight for the passing of laws that would give every American the fight to a place to call home.

【句式翻译】该组织是办公联网，一些旨在为无家可归的人提供食物和住处，一些是要为每个美国人争取获得房屋的权利。

【句式分析】本句包含三个定语从句，两个并列的定语从句some of which provide food…与some of which fight for…共同修饰先行词a network of offices; that would give …修饰先行词laws。

【词语点拨】1) provide vt. 提供；供应, 具体用法参见第60句。

【语法点拨】本句中两个并列的定语从句some of which provide food…与some of which fight for…共同修饰先行词a network of offices; that would give …修饰先行词laws; some of which …引导的定语从句属于介词+关系代词，在此结构中指物只能用which. 具体用法参见句68; that作为关系代词引导定语从句指人或物，在从句中作主语、宾语或表语，具体用法参见第72句。

 

98. Given that this is the case, why aren’t students taught to manage conflict the way they are taught to solve math problems, drive cars, or stay physically fit?

【句式翻译】鉴于事实情况确实如此，那么我们为什么不像教学生算数学、开车或者保持健康那样来教育学生应对同学间的冲突和摩擦呢？

【句式分析】本句包含一个定语从句，they are taught …修饰先行词the way。

【词语点拨】1) given prep. 考虑到 adj. 特定的

Given their inexperience, they’ve done a good job.

考虑到他们缺乏经验，他们已经做得不错。

Given that he can get another chance, he will surely succeed.

如果他能再次得到机会的话，他肯定会成功的。

They were to meet at a given time and place. 他们要在规定的时间和地点会晤。

2) solve vt. 解决，解答

I’m trying to solve this problem, but I can’t find the right solution.

我正试图解决这个问题，可是找不到正确的方法。

【语法点拨】本句中定语从句they are taught …修饰先行词the way; the way 作先行词，若在从句中作状语，通常由that、in which 引导，也可省略。如： 

The way (that/ in which ) you answer the questions was admirable.

你回答这些问题的方式令人羡慕。

What surprised me was not what he said but the way (that/in which) he said it.

最让我吃惊的不是他说的话，而是他说活的方式。

 

99. We even have different word for some foods, meat in particular, depending on whether it is still out in the fields or at home ready to be cooked, which shows the fact that the Saxon peasants were doing the farming. while the upper-class Normans were doing most of the eating.

【句式翻译】我们甚至对某些食物有不同的单词，特别是肉类，取决于它是长在田野里，还是在家里准备煮着吃，这就表明一个事实，即萨克森农民在农田干活，而上层阶级的诺曼人在大吃大喝。

【句式分析】本句包含一个定语从句，which shows the fact…修饰前面整个句子。

【词语点拨】1) in particular 特别，尤其；具体用法参见第37句。

2) depend on 依靠，依赖；具体用法参见第37句。

【语法点拨】本句中定语从句which shows the fact…修饰前面整个句子；which 作为关系代词引导定语从句指物或指整个主句的内容，在从句中作主语、宾语或表语, 具体用法参见第71句。

 

100. One bright hour with this friend is worh more to me than the lifetime services of a psychologist(心理学家), who will only fill up the healing (愈合的) silence necessary to those darkest moments in which I would rather be my own best friend.

【句式翻译】与这样的朋友在一起一个小时对我而言胜过心理学家一生的帮助，心理学家仅能填补将要愈合的沉默，这在最黑暗的时刻是必要的，而我宁愿在这个时候独处。

【句式分析】本句包含两个定语从句，who will only fill up the healing…修饰a psychologist，在该句中in which I would rather be my own best friend是定语从句修饰先行词moments。

【词语点拨】1) worth n.价值，用处 adj.有某种价值；值得（做某事）

The old stamp is worth about 5,000 yuan. 这张旧邮票值大概5000元。

An hour in the morning is worth two in the evening. 一日之季在于晨。

Tickets for a good concert are worth waiting for. 经典音乐会的门票值得等。

2) fill up 充满，填满

Shall I fill the car up (with petrol)? 要不要我给车加满汽油？

3）would rather 宁愿，宁可

She would rather die than give in.她宁死不屈。

I would rather that you told me the truth. 我真希望你能告诉我真相。

【语法点拨】本句中who will only fill up the healing…修饰a psychologist，在该句中in which I would rather be my own best friend是定语从句修饰先行词moments；who作为关系代词引导非限制性定语从句指人，在从句中作主语或宾语，不能与that 互换，具体用法参见第85句; in which I would rather…引导的定语从句属于介词+关系代词， 在此结构中指物只能用which。具体用法参见第68句。