1  句内关系和否定意义的翻译

1.         这两个国家不是用战争，而是以和平友好的方式解决了争端。

Instead of fighting, the two countries settled their dispute in an amicable way.

2.         在图书馆里，读者不但可以读到普通期刊，而且可以读到一些内部期刊。

In the library the readers can read not only the general periodicals, but also some restricted publications.

3.         对于比细菌小得多的病毒，人们了解得并不多。

Not much is known about viruses, which are much smaller organisms than bacteria.

4.         我们一定要努力工作，不辜负全国人民对我们的期望。

We must work hard to live up to the expectations of our people.

5.         希望是依附于存在的，有存在，便有希望，有希望便有光明。

Hope is dependent on life: while there is life there is hope, and while there is hope there is brightness.

6.         因此可以说，政治是不流血的战争，战争是流血的政治。

It can therefore be said that politics is war without bloodshed while war is politics with bloodshed.

2  “是”字句的翻译

1.         武汉是长江中游地区的特大城市，是湖北省的政治、经济、文化、科技中心。（表示等同）

Wuhan, a metropolis situated in the middle reaches of the Changjiang River, is the political, economic, cultural, scientific and technological centre of the Hubei Province.

2.         我不是不懂，是不想说。（表示加强语意）

It’s not that I didn’t understand, but that I didn’t want to say anything.

3.         满屋子都是烟，连他衣服上都是烟味。（表示存在）

Smoke filled the room – even his clothes smelled of smoke.

4.         那年月，有钱人是天天过年。（表示一种直观的表象或结果）

In those years, the rich people’s extravagance was such that everyday was a Spring Festival.

5.         这是厂长同意了的。（“是……的”表示强调或被动）

 It’s the head of our factory who has given us the green light.

6.         这件毛衣好是好，可就是太贵。（表示让步）

The sweater is of good quality indeed, but it is too expensive.

7.         你最好搞清楚，小孩就是小孩，别充大人！（表示与其它事物的区别）

You’d better be aware of this: children are children; don’t pretend to be grown-ups!

8.         但凡是重活，他都抢着干。 Whenever there’s a tough job, he is always the first to do it.

9.         是人，就会犯错误。（表示“凡是”） To err is human.

10.     这个病人的死，毫无疑问是医生的治疗不当造成的。（表示原因）

Undoubtedly, it was the doctor’s improper treatment that resulted in / caused the patient’s death.

There is no doubt that the patient has died of the doctor’s improper treatment.

3         “把”字句的翻译

1.         他每天把自己关在房子里看书。（含有处置之意）

He has himself confined in the room every day, reading books. (v. + Object + Objective Complement / adverbial, 如have sth. done)

2.         他出去度假时，把猫托付给邻居照顾。。

He left the cat to the neighbors before he was away for holiday.

3.         把这些物资尽快送到地震灾区是非常紧急的任务。

It is a matter of great urgency that the supplies should be dispatched to the earthquake-stricken area as soon as possible. (Passive voice)

4.         孩子太不懂规矩，把做妈妈的给气坏了。（表示致使）

The child was so bad behaved that the mother was very upset.

5.         小姑娘的出走把她妈妈给急死了。

The mother was worried to death at the little girl’s leaving without a word.

6.         你不能把他看作朋友，他只不过是个生意合伙人。（把甲当乙）

You can’t regard him as a friend but a business associate. (regard/ look on… as, mistake… for)

7.         利用发电机，可以把机械能再变成电能。

The mechanical energy can be changed back into electrical energy by a generator.

8.         他一气之下，把所有够得着的东西都给摔了。

He smashed everything within reach in a fit of anger.

4         “得”字句的翻译

1.         这些星星是肉眼就能看得见的。（表示能力或可能性）

These stars are visible to the naked eyes.

2.         孩子们闹得她再也不能安心工作。（表示程度或结果）

The children made so much noise that she could not concentrate on her work any longer. (so / such… that)

3.         她的新工作听上去好得令人难以置信。

Her new job sounds too good to be true. (too… to)

4.         我对艺术的所知使我足以在见到一副名画时能认得出。

I know enough about art to recognize a masterpiece when I see one. (enough… to / for)

5.         她打字打得手都酸了。

She typed until her fingers ached slightly. (till / until)

6.         听到这个好消息，他高兴得跳了起来。

He jumped with joy on hearing the good news. (v. + prepositional phrase)

5         Homework

1.         如果人们看不到说话人的眼睛，就会陷入困惑；不知道他们是在开玩笑、虚情假意、冷嘲热讽，还是寻衅闹事。我们需要视觉的线索来评价语言的真实含意。正如人们所说，切勿相信不敢与你正眼相对的人。

2.         一个时髦的女孩穿着背心和拖鞋到剧院看戏。检票员很有礼帽地不让她入场：“小姐，‘穿拖鞋者不得入内’。”

“是吗？”那女孩脱下拖鞋拿在手里说，“那我就赤脚进去吧。”

“噢，天哪！”检票员叫了起来，“幸亏我没告诉她‘穿背心者不得入内’！”

3.         枣树，他们简直落尽了叶子。先前，还有一两个孩子来打他们别人打剩的枣子，现在是一个也不剩了，连叶子也落尽了。他知道小粉红花的梦，秋后要有春；他也知道落叶的梦，春后还是秋。他简直落尽叶子，单剩杆子，然而脱了当初满树是果实和叶子时候的弧形，欠伸得很舒服。