初中高中条件状语从句讲解与练习

条件状语从句主要由if或unless引导：

1)        if条件句
　 if条件句：条件句用于陈述语气，表示假设的情况可能发生，其中 if 是“如果”的意思。

2)        用法：
　　(1)条件状语从句通常由连词if引导，意为“如果、假如”，主句不能用be going to表示将来，而应该用shall，will。
　　　 If you leave now, you are never going to regret it. (错误)
　　　 If you leave now, you will never regret it. (正确)
　(2)if “如果”，引导条件状语从句，主句用一般将来时，从句则用一般现在时，如：
　　　 If it rains tomorrow, I shan’t climb the hills.

另外，主句是祈使句或含有情态动词，从句也用一般现在时。如：

Please call me if he comes next Sunday.

Can you call the policeman if you are in the trouble.
注意 宾语从句中的if与条件状语从句if的区别。宾语从句中的if“是否”相当于 whether，引导宾语从句，时态需根据语境确定。如果主句用一般现在时，从句可以根据具体情况选用时态，如果主句用一般过去时，从句必须用过去式的某种形式。
　　 　I don't know if it will rain tomorrow. 我不知道明天是否会下雨。

Our teacher said there was going to be a football match the next month.我们说下月将有场足球比赛。

（注意）下列从句中的will不是将来时助动词，而是情态动词。翻译为“愿意”。

       If you will excuse me,I really must go to bed .

       如果你能原谅我的话，我真的要睡觉了。

       If you will wait a minute ,I’ll go and tell my mother that you are here .

       如果你愿意等一会的话，我去告诉我妈妈你来了。

试比较下列句子：

      If you see him tomorrow ,give him this book .

      如果你明天去看他，给他这本书。

      If you will see him tomorrow ,give him this book .

      如果你明天愿意去看他，给他这本书。

2）unless引导的条件句，表示强烈的否定。翻译为“除非……”。“非……不可。”

      I shan’t go unless he asks me . 他不来请我我就不去。

      You will fail unless you work harder . 你不努力就会失败的。

      Don’t come unless I call you . 我不叫你就别来 。

（注意） unless 从句里的谓语只能是肯定式 ，因为本身unless表示否定。

      误 : Unless you do not work ,you will fail .

      正 ：Unless you work hard ,you will fail .

      正 ：If you don’t work hard ,you will fail .

练习 ：

    1．If she ______ (finish ) work early ,she ______(go) home.

2．If the weather______（be）fine，we_______(go)for a walk .

3. If I_____(have) time tonight ,I _______(finish) the book I’m reading.

4. If I ______(rain) next weekend , we_______(not be able to ) plant the vegetable .

5. If it_______(rain),we______(stay) at home .

6.If she______(arrive) ,she _____(phone) me .

7. If he_____(call),tell him I’ll ring back .

8. Unless you_____(work) harder ,you_____(not)pass the the exams .

9. He _____(not speak ) to you unless you_____(speak) to him first .

10.I don’t know if it ______(rain) tomorrow .If it _____(rain) , we _____(not go )to school .

 

      另附：

初二英语词汇练习50题

1.I have two pencils. Can you give me a ______(three) one.

2. I have more apples than ____(you). But ______(you) are better than_____(he)

3. I often heard _______(sing) in the room. now I see him______(play) on the ground.

4. Yellow River is one of the longest ____ in China. (river)

5. Are they busy____ (go) over his lessons?

6. Mr Green has a son _____(call) Tom.

7.What is wrong with you? You look (worry)_____.

8.The wind was blowing _______(strong) then

9. Don’t keep the teacher _____(wait) for a long time.

10. which side of the street is ______(clean)

11.He told me _____(not look ) out of the window.

12. my mother often makes me _____(do) much work

13. He runs much ___(fast ) than his mother.

14.Please help _______(you) to some apples. Mrs Green said to her friends

15. The police _____(be) the traffic over there.

16.It is good _____(have) a rest after running.

17.Both of them think Chinese is much ______(much) important than English.

18. It is _____(danger) to play football near the river.

19. My mother often does the _____ on Sundays.(wash)

20. My grandma told me an _________(usual) story.

21. Michael Jordan is my favorite basketball _______ (play)

22. July is _______(seven) month of the year.

23. Lucy, _____(pass) a bottle of orange to me, please.

24. My parents _____ the house at eight yesterday morning. (clean)

25.Mary draws _____(bad) than Meimei

26. Li lei tried hard _____(work) out the problem.

27. Would you please ______(not turn) on the radio?

28. Do you find it easy _____ (ride) a bike?

29. English is ______(use) than Maths.

30. Yesterday it rained as ______(heavy) as it is now.

31. Who runs ______(slow) in your class? ---- Wei Fang _____(do) . She runs _______(slow) than any other student in the class.

32. It takes me half an hour _____(go) home every day.

33. It is difficult _____(learn) English well.

34. You must finish _____(do) your homework next week

35. _______(drink) milk is good for your health.

36. The boy is old enough _____(go ) to school.

37. If you want to be ______(thin ) and (healthy)______. You have to eat ______(little) food.

38. Is there ______(something) wrong with your cars?

39. I will try ______(not be) late for school.

40. If you go soon., you ______(be)late.

41. He couldn’t sleep _____(good) last night.

42. My mother doesn’t feel like _____(drink) anything.

43. I will call you as soon as she ______(come) back.

44. This isn't take－away food． It is home ________(cook)．

45． Either my father or I ________(work) on a farm this week．

46.． My sister does some ________(run) every morning,so she is very healthy．

47． They were on ________ way to school when it began to rain．(they)　

48． It's not far from here． It' about three ________ walk．(minute)

49． Hurry up! I don't want any of you to get________． (lose)

50． Our English teacher is always very ________ to us． (friend)

Key 1. third 2. you , yours , his 3. sing playing 4. rivers 5. going 6. called 7. worried 8. strongly 9. waiting10. Cleaner11. not to look 12. do13. faster14. yourselves 15. are 16. to have17. more 17. dangerous 19. washing.20 unusual 21. player22. seventh 23. pass 24. were cleaning25. worse26. to ride 27.not run 28. to ride 29. more useful30. heavily 31. slowest , does, slower 32. to go 33. to learn34. doing 35. Drinking 36. to go 37. thinner and healthier, less38. something 39.not to be40. will be 41. well42. drinking 43. comes44. cooking 45. work 46.running47. their48. minutes’49. lost50 friendly

 

 

按要求改写下列句子

1---5单元

1.        Will he return soon? (肯定回答)

_______, _______ ________

2.        We will go shopping with you after supper. (改为否定句)

We _____ _____ shopping with you after supper.

3.        People will live to be 200 years old. (改为一般疑问句)

_____ _____ _____ to be 200 years old ?

4.        The girls will work in the supermarket. (对划线部分提问)_____ _____ the girls ______?

5.        Hong Kong isn’t near New York.(同义句)

Hong Kong is ____ _____ _____ New York.

6.        Last Friday he went to see his parents by train.(同义句)

He ______ the ______ ______ see his parents last Friday.

7.        My clothes aren’t in style. (同义句)

My clothes are ______ ______ _______.

8.        What’s wrong with you, Peter? (同义句)

What’s _____ ______ ______you, Peter?

9.        What else do you like? (同义句)

What ______ ______ do you like?

10.     She may be at home now. (同义句)

______ she ____ at home now.

11.     Lucy was doing her homework when the telephone rang.(对划线部分提问)

_____ _____she ______ when the telephone rang?

12.     I was cooking dinner when the UFO arrived.(否定句)

I______________________________________

13.     The children are playing in the playground now.(用at 9:00 yesterday代替now)

The children____________________________

14.     Were they buying the food at that time?(作肯定回答)_______,_______ ________

15.     It’s fine today. Why not go swimming? (同义句)

It’s fine today._____ ______ going swimming?

16.     If it doesn’t rain, they’ll go to the beach on foot. (同义句)

   If it doesn’t rain, they’ll_____ _____ the beach.

17.     He said they were hard-working. (同义句)

He said they_____________________________

18.     Lily is good at swimming. (同义句)

Lily____________________________________

19.     I asked my father what to do. (同义句)

I asked my father______ I ______ ________

20. John said Lucy wouldn’t come because she was ill.(变成直接引语)

John said:“Lucy______ ______because she _____ill。”

21. I asked Lily:“Will you visit the museum tomorrow?”(变成间接引语)

    I asked Lily_____ she_____ visit the museum tomorrow.

22. Tom asked:“What did your math teacher say?” (变成间接引语)

   Tom asked_______________________________

23. Dennis got A grade in math, but B in English.(合成一句话)

Dennis_____ _____ _____ math than English.

24. We found he was a clever boy. (同义句)

   We ____ the boy _______

25. My husband will have to work after 7:30.(改为否定句)

My husband______ _____ to work after 7:30.

26. You can’t run downstairs.(改为祈使句)

   _________  _________  _____________

27. There are many vegetables in the fridge. (同义句)

There are _____ _____ _____ vegetables in the fridge.

28. People will use the subway more.(改为一般疑问句) ______ _____ _____ the subway more?

29. They’re going to visit their parents next Sunday.(划线提问)

_____ _____ they going to ____ next Sunday?

30. I think you should do enough exercise.（变为否定句）

I _____ ______ ______ ______ do enough exerc