【1600-1800】THE ORIGINS OF THE BAROQUE. Like the term“Gothic,”【哥特】 the word “Baroque” was originally a pejorative term used to condemn the arts of seventeenth- and early
eighteenth-century Europe. 【时间起源】

The word may derive from a Portuguese word barroco that had long been used to describe pearls that were rough and heavily encrusted with sediment. 【词源】

Or its origins might lie in the Italian baroco, a term that referred to a thorny problem in logic.
Its use can be first traced to the 1730s, when it began to be used almost simultaneously to describe both music and architecture that were heavily ornamented or overly complex.【音乐与建筑的某种风格】

在艺术和建筑中，巴洛克风格可追溯至1600年左右的罗马城。

Baroque buildings were often created on a massive scale that was intended to awe the viewer; yet despite their size, a coherent unity was achieved in the best of these structures by massing many complex decorative elements to grant them a sense of dramatic climax. This new architectural language was often imposing, larger than life, and it came to be preferred
by many seventeenth-century kings and princes since it gave expression to their pretensions and desires to exercise absolute authority over their states.

最早的巴洛克音乐源自1600年的弗洛伦萨。

巴洛克文学与古典主义

the dynamics of literary production in much of Europe ran counter to the Baroque aesthetic
sensibility, with its fondness for ornamentation, drama,and complexity.