对理性主义的充实和提高

1、理性主义：逻辑推理，方法重理性。客观的，不以人的意志为转移。

2、主要建筑：

TAC（THE ARCHITECTURE Colaborative协和建筑师事务所）（格罗皮乌斯及学生）：

哈佛大学研究生中心；

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何塞昆西学校

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塞尔特：José Luis Sert,  Catalan in full Josep Lluís Sert I Lopéz    (born July 1, 1902, Barcelona—died March 15, 1983, Barcelona), Spanish-born American architect noted for his work in city planning and urban development.

http://www.architectureweek.com/2002/0220/news_3-1.html

After graduation from the School of Architecture, Barcelona (1929), Sert worked with Le Corbusier and Pierre Jeanneret in Paris. From 1929 to 1937 he had his own architectural office in Barcelona; works from the period include apartment houses in Barcelona, weekend houses in Garraf, and a master plan for the city of Barcelona. He designed the Spanish pavilion at the Paris World’s Fair (1937) in collaboration with Joan Miró, Alexander Calder, andPablo Picasso.

With the fall of Spain’s Republican government in 1939, Sert moved to the United States and from 1941 to 1956 was a partner in Town Planning Associates, a New York City firm that engaged in city planning and urban design for a number of new or existing South American cities, including Bogotá and other Colombian cities, Chimbote in Peru, Ciudad dos Motores in Brazil, and Havana. Sert’s master plans for these sites were notable for their integration of natural landscape features into the urban building scheme. Sert made prominent use of patios and other aspects of Mediterranean architecture in his innovative designs for large groupings of houses. From 1947 to 1956 Sert was president of CIAM (Congrès Internationaux d’Architecture Moderne). He became a U.S. citizen in 1951. In 1953 he was appointed dean of the Graduate School of Design and professor of architecture at Harvard University, a position he held until his retirement in 1969.

Sert’s importance in the field of comprehensive multifamily housing rivals that of Le Corbusier. A notable example of the work carried out by his Cambridge, Mass., architectural office is the Peabody Terrace Married Students’ Housing at Harvard (1963–65), in which a cluster of high-rise and low-riseapartment buildings are harmoniously connected with each other. Two outstanding examples of museum design by Sert are the Maeght Foundation (1968) at St.-Paul-de-Vence on the French Rivieraand the Miró Centre for the Study of Contemporary Art, Barcelona (1972–75), which houses works by Miró.

皮博迪公寓；哈佛大学本科生楼

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凡艾克：阿尔多·范·艾克1918年生于荷兰的德里贝亨。

http://www.team10online.org/team10/

他年轻时代是在英国接受教育的，但最终还是回到欧洲大陆，在苏黎士安定下来并参加了瑞士联邦技术学院(ETH)。从1954年到1959年，他在阿姆斯特丹建筑学院任教，从1966年到1984年任代尔夫特技术学院教授。1959年到1963年，他一直是荷兰建筑杂志《论坛》的编辑，并于1967年重返《论坛》作编辑。范·艾克是国际现代建筑会议(CIAM)的活跃成员，他还和他人共同努力于1954年创建了TEAM10 。他的足迹遍及欧洲和北美洲的讲坛。其演讲的中心内容是要摈弃功能主义、抨击二战后所 谓的现代派建筑实际上大都缺乏创新。荷兰著名建筑杂志《论坛》编辑的职位为他普及TEAM10的主张提供了极大的便利。TEAM10的核心宗旨是呼吁建筑设计返回人文轨道上来

结构主义http://teacher.yuntech.edu.tw/yangyf/ff/grb60.html

阿姆斯特丹儿童之家

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赫茨伯格

    荷兰建筑师赫尔曼·赫茨伯格(Herman Hertzberger)获得2012年英国皇家建筑师协会(RIBA)金奖。这位荷兰建筑师成名于1960年代的荷兰构造主义运动，最知名的作品是位于荷兰阿波尔多伦(Apeldoorn)的Central Beheer工程。他是“Team X”的成员之一，也是《建筑学教程》这一影响力很大的书籍的作者。RIBA的会长Angela Brady评价说，赫尔曼·赫茨伯格改变了我们思考建筑的途径，无论对于建筑师还是使用建筑的用户来说都是如此。在他的职业生涯中，人性化始终贯穿于他设计的学校、住宅、剧场和工作场所。他的建筑就是要改变那些不适宜的外形和空间。

荷兰中央保险公司总部大楼（结构主义代表作品）

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