第三节 相互同化

 

 

相互同化（1）

 

相互同化就是前后两个连在一起得音念起来不太方便，于是连在一起的两个音就互为影响而混合成一个新的、折衷的、比较好念的音，使之念起来顺口、听起来顺儿、看起来顺眼。此类同化并非是随意的，而是有规可循的。主要的变化如下：

 

[ s ]+[ j ]= [ F ]

 

 

在此情况下基本上都连读

 

God bless you.

 

IPA:
[ gBd bles◡ju:] — [ s ]+[ j ]= [ F ] –口语中读音[ gB〈d 〉` bleFu:]

 

 

K.K:
[ gBd blZs◡ju] — [ s ]+[ j ]= [ F ] –口语中读音[ gB〈d 〉` blZFu]

 

 

 

 

 

Now look what a mess you’ve made.
瞧你弄得乱七八糟。

 

 

Do you miss your family?
你想念家人吗？

 

 

I shall miss you very much.
我会非常想念你的。

 

 

相互同化（2）

 

 

 

 

 

[ t ]+[ j ]= [ tF ]

 

 

在此情况下基本上都连读

 

 

 

 

How about you?

 

IPA:
[ hBJ E`bBJt◡ju:] — [ t ]+[ j ]= [ tF ] –口语中读音[ hBu E`bBJtFu:]

 

 

K.K:
[ hBJ E`bBJt◡ju] — [ t ]+[ j ]= [ tF ] –口语中读音[ hBJ E`bBJtFu]

 

 

 

 

 

Take care that you don’t spoil your new clothes.

 

 

 

 

A: I’m very glad to meet you.

 

 

B: It’s a pleasure to meet you.

 

 

 

 

 

I’m sorry to tell that you’ve been dismissed.

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

相互同化（3）

 

 

 

 

 

[ d ]+[ j ]= [ dV ]

 

 

在此情况下基本上都连读

 

Could you tell me where the bus stop is?

 

IPA:
[ kJd◡ju:] — [ d ]+[ j ]= [ dV ] –口语中读音[ kJdVu:]

 

 

K.K:
[kJd◡ju] — [ d ]+[ j ]= [ dV ] –口语中读音[ kJdVu]

 

 

 

 

 

A: Did you panic?

 

 

B: Of course! It was awful!

 

 

 

 

 

Would you show me the bathroom, please?

 

 

 

 

 

Would you care to go for a walk with me?
（Care of 想）

 

 

 

 

 

Could you do me a favor?

 

 

 

 

 

Could you possibly give me a lift home?
你能让我搭个便车回家吗？

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

因发音部位的影响而发生的同化

 

 

当很快地说 This shield 或 horseshoe 时，this 或 horse 的词尾的齿龈音[s]，受后面的 shield 或 shoe 词头的硬颚音[F]的影响，也变为[F]了。因而就念成了[ `TIF `Fild]、[`hCrF 9Fu]。

 

 

 

 

 

[s]之后跟[F]或[j]时，[s]常被同化为[F]
[s]--[F]。如：

 

 

this ship [ TIs FIp]--[ TIF FIp]

 

 

 

 

 

[z]之后跟[j]或时[F]，常被同化为[V]；
[s]--[V]。如：

 

 

Has she come? [hAz Fi: kQm]--[hAz Fi: kQm]

 

 

He tell you the truth.

 

 

 

当齿龈鼻音[n]出现在软颚音[k]或[g]前面时，它就变成软颚鼻音[N]

 

 

 

 

 

[n]+[k]或[g]=[N]

 

 

 

 

Thank you.
IPA:
[WANk ju:]
[n]+[k]=[Nk]
K.K:
[WANk ju]
[n]+[k]=[Nk]

I take a walk along the river bank every morning.

I think I can learn to speak good English in one month.

Hunger is best sauce.

He hungered for her love.

I was angered by his refusal to come to the party.

 

 

 

秘诀30

 

[ p ] + [ n ] = [m]

 

         把 open ，happen 分别念为[ `EJpm]，[ `hApm]，一般是在快速的谈话中比较随便、含糊的发音。这种发音，在IPA和K.K中都有。在这里不仅发生了减音的现象，而且发生了同化的现象。按照比较正规的念法， open , happen 应分别念为[ `EJpEn]，[ `hApEn]，轻音节中都有一个模糊的元音[E]。但在前面有减音和同化现象的注音里，元音[E]完全省去，由此而剩下的辅音群[pn]，两个辅音的发音部位不同。[p]是双唇音，[n]是齿龈音，念起来不太方便。所以就发生了同化作用。[p]把[n]同化为双唇音[m]，这样就形成了两个双唇音的辅音群[pm]，念起来就方便多了。

He lives by his pen.

All of his dealings are in the open.

Let’s be open with each other.

I want you to be open with me about your money problems, so I can help you.

Do you happen to know his new telephone number?

 

 

 

 

 

 

“清”与“浊”之间的同化

 

 

 

 

         当 north, south, worth 三个词变为形容词时，这些词原来词尾的[W]因为受了后面元音的影响，就变成了浊音[T]：



north
[nCrW]
northern
[ `nCrTLn]

south
[sBuW]
southern
[ `sQTLn]

 

worth
[w*W]
worthy
[ `w*TI]

 

 

 

 

 

She has traveled in northern countries.

 

 

 

 

The southern half of the country is a desert.

 

 

 

 

She says help only the worthy poor.

 

 

 

 

This book is worthy of being read [ to be read ].