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06年4月 《英美文学选读》 主观题及参考答案
(2008-02-02 15:56:58)
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英语本科自考英美文学阅读理解简答论述教育 |
分类： 英美文学 |
Ⅱ. Reading Comprehension (16 points, 4 for each)
Read the quoted parts carefully and answer the questions in English. Write your answer in the corresponding space on the answer sheet.
41. "Nor lose possession of
that fair thou ow'st;
Questions:
A. Identify the author and the title of the poem from which this
part is taken.
B. What does the word "this" in the last line refer to?
C. What idea do the quoted lines express?
Answers:
A. Shakespears; "Shall I Compare Thee to a Summer's Day" / "Sonnet
18"
B. "This" refers to the poem
C. When you are in my eternal poetry, you are even with time. A
nice summer's day is usually transient, but the beauty in poetry
can last forever.
42. "North Richmond Street, being blind, was a
quiet street except at the hour when the Christian Brothers' School
set the boys free. An uninhabited house of the two storeys stood at
the blind end, detached from its neighbours in a square ground. The
other houses of the street, conscious of decent lives within them,
gazed at one another with brown imperturbable faces."
Questions:
A. Identify the author and the title of the story from which this
part is taken.
B. What figure of speech is used in this passage?
C. What tone does the quoted passage set for the whole story?
Answers:
A. James Joyce, "Araby"
B. Personification
C. This passage sets a tone of melancholy. The scene is drab,
desolate and lifeless.
43. "I shall be telling this with a sigh
Questions:
A. Identify the author and the author and the title of the poem
from which the quoted lines are taken.
B. What additional meaning do the two roads have?
C. What dilemma is the speaker facing?
Answers:
A. Robert Frost, "The Road Not Taken"
B. Life is here compared to a journey. The two roads stand for the
choice one has to make at a critical moment in his life.
C. Since where the road leads to is uncertain, one has to wait to
see the result of the choice until one's life is coming to an end.
Then it will be too late. The speaker acknowledges the limits of
life, yet he indulges himself in the notion that we could be really
different from what we have become, because life is
unpredictable.
44. "...Only Miss Emily's house was left, lifting its stubborn and
coquettish decay above the cotton wagons and the gasoline pumps -
an eyesore among eyesores."
Questions:
A. Identify the author and the title of the story from which the
quoted lines are taken.
B. What is the meaning of "an eyesore among eyesore"?
C. What does this quoted passage indicate?
Answers:
A. Faulkner, "A
B. The most unpleasant thing to look at.
C. The house is a perfect mirror image of the owner who is stubborn
and coquettish and deliberately detaches herself from the communal
life in this small town.
Ⅲ. Questions and
Answers (24 points in all, 6 for each)
Give brief answers to each of the following questions in English.
Write your answers in the corresponding space on the answer
sheet.
45. Novum Organum, along with other works, won
the author the honor "Father of modern science."
Answers:
A. Francis Bacon. "Novum Organum" is a treatise on
methodology.
B. The argument is for the use of inductive method of reasoning in
scientific study.
C. Bacon expounds the four great false conceivings that beset men's
mind and prevent them from seeking the truth.
D. He advocates the inductive reasoning in place of the deductive
reasoning.
E. By putting forward this theory, Bacon shows the new empirical
attitudes toward truth about nature.
F. He bravely challenges the medieval scholasticists.
46. English Romanticism is generally said to
have begun in 1798 with the publication of Wordsworth and
Coleridge's Lyrical Ballads.
Answers:
A. In this book, Wordsworth and Coleridge explored new theories and
innovated new techniques in poetry writing.
B. The preface to the Lyrical Ballads acts as a manifesto for the
new school. In the preface, Wordsworth defines poetry and
poets.
C. Wordsworth's poems in this book differ in marked ways from his
early poetry; simplicity of the language, sympathy for the poor,
and expressions of inward states of mind.
47. Whitman is one of the representative poets
in America. He cmploys brand-new means in his poetry. What are the
features of his poetry?
Answers:
A. His poetic style is marked by the use of the poetic "I".
B. He adopted "free verse", poetry without a fixed beat or regular
rhyme scheme.
C. The image in his poems are unconventional.
D. He uses oral English.
E. His vocabulary is amazing.
F. Parallism and phonetic recurrence are used at the beginning of
the lines.
48. Mark Twain and Henry James are two representatives of the
realistic writers in American literature. How is Twain's realism
different from James's realism?
Answers:
A. Mark Twain's realism is tainted with local color, preferring to
have his own region and people at the forefront of his
stories.
B. James's realism is concerned with the "inner world" of
man.
C. James's realism is also concerned with the international
theme.
D. Twain's language is simple and colloquial.
E. Twain employs humor in his writing.
F. James's language is elaborate and refined with lengthy
psychological analyses.
Ⅳ. Topics
for Discussion (20 points in all, 10 for each)
Write no less than 150 words on each of the following topics in
English in the corresponding space on the answer
sheet.
49. Under the influence of the leading
romantic thinkers like Kant and the Post-Kantians, Romoanticists
demonstrated a strong reaction against the dominant modes of
thinking of the 18th century's Neo-classicists. Discuss, in
relation to the works you know, the difference between Romanticism
and Neo-classicism.
Answers:
A. Neo-classicists upheld that artistic ideals should be order,
logic, restrained emotion and accuracy, and that literature should
be judged in terms of its service to humanity, and thus, literary
expressions should be of proportion, unity, harmony and grace.
Pope's "An Essay on Criticism" advocates grace, wit(usually through
satire/humour), and simplicity in language (and the poem itself is
a demonstration of those ideals, too); Fielding's "Tom Jones"
helped establish the form of novel; Gray's "Elegy Written in a
Country Churchyard" displays elegance in style, unified structure,
serious tone and moral instruction.
B. Romanticists tended to see the individual as the very center of
all experience, including art, and thus, literary work should be
"spontaneous overflow of strong feelings," and no matter how
mentary those experiences were (Wordsworth's "I Wandered Lonely as
a Cloud," or "The Solitary Reaper,") or Coleridge's "Kubla Khan"),
the value of the work lied in the accuracy of presenting those
unique feelings and particular attitudes.
C. In a word, Neo-classcism emphasized rationality and form but
Romanticism attached great importance to the indevidual's mind
(emotion, imagination, temporary experience...)
50. Symbolism is an imiportant literary
practice in literature and it has been widely used by many American
writers. Discuss the way symbolism is used in Melville's
Moby-Dick.
Answers:
A. To Ahab, the whale is either an evil creature itself or the
agent of an evil force that controls the universe, or perhaps both.
The chase of the white whale symbolizes Ahab's pursuit of truth and
fighting against the evil power.
B. To Ishmael, the whale is an astonishing force, an immense power,
which defies rational explanation due to a sense of mystery it
carries.
C. It also represents the tremendous organic vitality of the
universe.
D. To the readers, the whale can be viewed as a symbol of the
physical limits that life imposes upon man.
E. It may also be regarded as a symbol of nature. At the end of the
chapter. the author says "...the great shroud of the sea rolled on
as it rolled five thousand years ago." Here the sea symbolizes
nature that remains moving but unmoved.
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