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导读：倒装句，省略句，强调句， there be句型， 反义疑问句，感叹句等特殊句型在各省份的单选中一般有

1-2题，学生理解起来不难，不过应该进行系统的归类复习。本节我们一起来讨论倒装句。

 

一) , 倒装句概念：

英语最基本的语序是“主语+谓语”，为了强调句子某一部分或者为了保持句子的平衡，而把谓语动词或者

助动动词/情态动词放在主语之前，这个句子就叫做倒装句。

Here comes the bus.

Only then did I realize I had misunderstood him.

二），倒装句类型：

倒装的三种情况

1， 全倒装  把谓语动词放在主语之前，这种倒装叫全倒装。

Here comes the bus.

Then came the order to take off.

2,  部分倒装  助动词或者情态动词放在主语之前，这种倒装叫做部分倒装。

Only then did I realize I had misunderstood him.

Little does he care about what others think about him.

3, 前置   只把要强调的词放在主语之前， 这种倒装叫做前置

Child as he is , he knows a lot.

三), 倒装句详细讲解

 

1．全倒装的几种情况

1）当为表示地点的介词短语或者表示方位的副词（in, out, up , down, away, here, there, upstairs, downstairs等）

位于句首。

   Under the table lay a half-conscious young man.

   On top of the hill stand three temples.

   West of the lake lies the famous city.

   Out rushed the boy.

   I stopped the car and up walked a policeman.

   Downstairs lies a boy of twelve.

There goes the bell.

Here comes the bus

. At the meeting place of the Yangtze River and Jialing River_______    , one of the largest cities in China. （2010重庆卷33）

A. lies Chongqing    B. Chongqing lies      C. does lie Chongqing  D. does Chongqing lie

（2010陕西卷17）. John opened the door. There _____ he had never seen before.             

  A. a girl did stand    B. a girl stood     C. did a girl stand  D. stood a girl

He found number sixteen without difficulty. Outside the house_______________.

A was a furniture van                 B was there a furniture van

C a furniture van was                  D there was a furniture

 

now, then 位于句首，也可以使用全倒装

Now comes my turn.

Then came his turn to recite the text.

 

温馨提示：

(1)，此种倒装的谓语动词一般是位置、移动类动词, 如 be,  lie, stand, go, come ,rush, walk 等。

(2) 此种倒装一般不用进行时

. ---Is everyone here?

 

---Not yet. Look, there_______ the rest of our guests! （2010江苏卷33）

A. come           B. comes           C. is coming      D. are coming

2) 表语位于句首。

Gone are the days when college students could easily find a job.

Arisotle says,“Plato is dear to me, but dearer still is truth.”

1) Present at the meeting ______Professor Smith, Professor Brown, Sir Hugh and many famous people.

A was    B were     C being        D is

3） Such be 结构

Such was Albert Einstein, a simple man of great achievements.

1) Such _________the problems facing us now.

A is    B are     C was       D were

特别注意：

在全倒装句子中，如果主语是人称代词，则主谓语不倒装。

Here you are.

Away he went.

Very strange it seemed.

 

2,  部分倒装的情况

 

1）在省略if的虚拟语气条件状语从句中 ，把were, had 或should置于句首。

 Were there no air or water, there would be no life in the world.

 Had you been more careful, such spelling mistakes might have been avoided.

 ___________he be here next week, he would help us with the problem.

A Would     B Should     C  Might         D   Could

2）在so(也), nor, neither（也不）开头句子中,

 I often go out for a walk after supper. So does she.

Li Lei can’t answer the question. Neither can I.

If Joe’s wife won’t go to the party, ____________.

A he will either      B neither will he    C  neither he will   D either will he

 ------ My room gets very cold at night.

 ------- _________ .

A So is mine    B So mine is    C So does mine     D So mine does

3）带否定意义的词语放在句首作状语。常见的带否定意义词语有：

 never, seldom, rarely( 很少), hardly,scarcely(几乎不), ,barely(几乎不), little, few, nowhere, ,inon way (绝不),

at no time(立即), under no circustance（在任何情况都不）, not…,

 not only…but also…,  not once,

 hardly…when(一……. 就…), no sooner…than…(一……. 就…)等

 Little does he care about others.

 Not a single word did he say.

 Hardly had I reached home when it began to rain.

No sooner had I entered the room than the phone rang.

 Not only did he complain about the food, he also refused to pay for it .

 Neither does Mr Lan welcome us, nor does he refuse us.

Little ________ that we were watching his every move, so he seemed to be going his own way in this business.

A  he had realized   B he hadn’t realized    C hadn’t he realized       D  had he realized

I have been living in the United States for twenty years, but seldom ________ so lonely as now.

A have I felt     B I had felt        C I have felt            D had I felt

（2010江西卷33）. Not until he left his home______  to know how important the family was for him.

A. did he begin         B. had he begun       C. he began           D. he has began

 

注意: 否定词组若在句中作主语则不要倒装

Nobody likes being laughed at.

No survivor has yet been found.

Not all that glitters is gold.

4）only +状语（副词，介词短语或状语从句等）。

 Only in this way can we get in touch with them.

 Only because he was ill was he absent from school.

Only yesterday did he find that his watch had been missing

I failed in the final examination last term and only then______ the importance of studies.

A I realized      B I had realized    C had I realized       D did I realize

______ you eat the correct foods,  ____ be able to keep fit and stay healthy.

A Only if; will you           B Only if ; you will

C Unless; will you           D Unless; you will

 

注意：only 词组如果不作状语，则句子不要倒装。

Only Mr Lai knows the secret.

5) so…that…., such…that…,  结构中，若so, such 位于句首。

So fast did he run that I couldn’t catch up with him.

So difficult ____ it to work out the problem that I decided to ask Tom for advice.

A I did find     B did I find       C I found     D found I

Such a good student is Jim that all the teachers like him.

 

6) 表示频度的副词（often, always, many a time, now and then等）位于句首，并且强调该副词时。

 Often were we warned not to do so.

 

3 前置的情况:

 

1） 被强调的部分+as/though+主语+谓语结构

Yong boy as/though he is , he knows a lot.

=Though/Although he is a young boy, he knows a lot.

Poor as he is , he never steals.

Try as he might, he still failed.

Youngest as he is in his class, he understands his teachers best.

注意:此结构被强调的词不用冠词

_________, he talks a lot about his favorite singers after class.

A , A quiet student as he may be       B Quiet student as he may be

C Be a quiet student as he may        D Quiet as he may be a student

 

2) the more…+主语+谓语， the more…+主语+谓语结构

The more attentive you are in Mr Lan’s class, the more knowledge you will get.

The more you want to make Mr Lan angry, the farther Mr Lan will get away from you.

The more modest you are, ______________.

A the greater progress you will make     B the greater you will make progress

C you will make greater progress        D greater you will make progress

 

3) however +被强调的部分（一般是adj/adv）+主语+谓语

Whatever/whichever+ 被强调的名词+主语+谓语

However fast you drive, I will feel safe with you safe with you.

However much money you have , you should not look down on others.

Whatever problem you have, please tell me at once.

Whichever team wins the game, I will feel proud for it.

 _______ difficulty you have , please tell me at once.

A However     B whatever     C what       D  any

4) What +被强调的名词+主语+谓语。

 How +被强调的adj/adv+主语+谓语

What a sad sight it was.

How clever he is.

        

 

 巩固练习

　　1._______ and caught the mouse.

　　A. Up the cat jumped B. The cat up jumped

　　C. Up jumped the cat D. Jumped up the cat

　　2.______ and the lesson began.

　　A. In came Mr Brown B. Mr Brown in came

　　C. In came he D. came in Mr Brown

　　3. Over _______, dead.

　　A. rolling the goat B. rolled the goat

　　C. did the goat roll D. the goat rolled

　　4.—Where is my shirt, mum? —_________.

　　A. There is it B. There it is

　　C. There is D. Here is it

　　5. —Where is your father? —Oh, ________.

　　A. here he comes B. he here comes

　　C. here does he come D. here comes he

　　6. The door opened and there ________.

　　A. enters an old man

　　B. entered an old man

　　C. did an old man enter

　　D. an old man entered

　　7. Now ______ your turn to recite the text.

　　A. will come B. comes C. has come D. there is

　　8. Often _____ them not to smoke here.

　　A. we advised B. advised me

　　C. did we advise D. had we advised

　　9. ________ playing soldiers.

　　A. Inside the room were two boys

　　B. Inside the room two boys

　　C. Were two boys inside the room

　　D. Inside the room was two boys

　　10. On the wall _______ two large portraits.

　　A. are hanging B. hanged C. hang D. hangs

　　11. _______ who was wounded in the stomach.

　　A. Among them were a soldier B. Among them was a soldier

　　C. Among them a soldier was D. Among they was a soldier

　　12. Next door to ours ________ , who is no less than eighty.

　　A. that lives an old man B. does an old man live

　　C. lives an old man D. where lives an old man

　　13. She plays the piano very well, ______.

　　A. so every one of us does B. every one of us does

　　C. so does every one of us D. so do every one of us

　　14. You say he works hard, ______, and _____.

　　A. so he does; so you do B. so he does; so do you

　　C. so does he; so do you D. so does he; so you do

　　15. —I thought you women were present at the meeting. —__________.

　　A. So we were B. So we did C. So were we D. So did we

　　16. I don't think Jack will come today, _____.

　　A. nor will Mary B. and Mary doesn't

　　C. Mary will either D. or Mary does

　　17. She is fond of cooking, _____I.

　　A. so am B. nor am C. neither do D. nor do

　　18. Marx was born in Germany and German was his native language .

　　A. So it was with Engles B. So was it with Engles

　　C. So was Engles D. So did Engles

　　19. A fish needs water and without water it will die._______.

　　A. So does a man B. So will a man

　　C. So it is with a man D. So is it with a man

　　20. So absorbed _______ the work that she often forgot to _____ her meals.

　　A. had she been in; do B. she was in; make

　　C. was she in; take D. she had been in ; have

　　21. So loudly ______ that every one of the class could hear him.

　　A. did he speak B. did he spoke C. spoke he D. he spoke

　　22. __________ his appearance that no one could recognize him.

　　A. Strange so was B. So strange was

　　C. Was so strange D. So was strange

　　23. Not once ______ their plan.

　　A. did they change B. they changed

　　C. changed they D. they did change

　　24. Never ______ such a wonderful place as Hangzhou.

　　A. are seeing B. had I seen

　　C. I have seen D. have I seen

　　25. Seldom ______ TV during the day.

　　A. they watch B. are they watching

　　C. have they watched D. do they watch

　　26. Nowhere ______ as in my garden.

　　A. the flowers were so beautiful

　　B. were the flowers so beautiful

　　C. so beautiful were the flowers

　　D. so beautiful the flowers were

　　27. Hardly ________ his homework when he went out.

　　A. finished he B. he had finished

　　C. did he finish D. had he finished

　　28. Scarcely _____ finished their homework ______ I came into the classroom.

　　A. had they; than B. they had; when

　　C. had they; when D. did they; when

　　29. Not only _______ a promise, but also he kept it.

　　A. has he made B. does he make

　　C. he made D. did he make

　　30. Not until his comrades criticized him _______ to admit his mistake.

　　A. had he begun B. began he

　　C. did he begin D. does he begin

　　四.答案

　　1—5 CABBA 6—10 BBBDA 11—15 BCCBA

　　16—20 BAACC 21—25 ABADD 26—30 BDCDC