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科学史上最漂亮的10个物理实验
英国的物理网(physicsweb.org)喜欢各种有趣的评选活动。比如他们曾在2002年评出了科学史上最漂亮的10个物理实验,全部是我们耳熟能详的实验。
- 单电子双缝干涉实验(Young's double-slit experiment applied to the interference of single electrons)
- 伽利略的落体实验(Galileo's experiment on falling bodies),1600s
- 密立根油滴实验(Millikan's oil-drop experiment),1910s
- 牛顿三棱镜分光实验(Newton's decomposition of sunlight with a prism),1665-1666
- 杨氏干涉实验(Young's light-interference experiment),1801
- 卡文迪什扭摆实验测量万有引力常数(Cavendish's torsion-bar experiment),1798
- 厄拉多塞测量地球的直径(Eratosthenes' measurement of the Earth's circumference),公元前三世纪
- 伽利略斜面实验(Galileo's experiments with rolling balls down inclined planes),1600s
- 卢瑟福散射实验(Rutherford's discovery of the nucleus),1911
- 傅科摆(Foucault's pendulum),1851
未上榜的实验包括:
- 阿基米德的王冠实验:Archimedes' experiment on hydrostatics
- 罗默测量光速实验:Roemer's observations of the speed of light
- 焦耳热功当量实验:Joule's paddle-wheel heat experiments
- Reynolds's pipe flow experiment
- 马赫声冲击波实验:Mach & Salcher's acoustic shock wave
- 迈克尔逊-莫雷实验:Michelson-Morley measurement of the null effect of the ether
- 伦琴发现麦克斯韦位移电流:R鰊tgen's detection of Maxwell's displacement current
- 奥斯特实验:Oersted's discovery of electromagnetism
- 布拉格X-射线散射实验:The Braggs' X-ray diffraction of salt crystals
- 爱丁顿观测到星光被太阳偏转实验:Eddington's measurement of the bending of starlight
- 斯特恩-盖拉赫实验:Stern-Gerlach demonstration of space quantization
- 薛定谔猫理想实验:Schr鰀inger's cat thought experiment
- Trinity test of nuclear chain reaction
- 吴健雄验证宇称不守恒:Wu et al.'s measurement of parity violation
- Goldhaber's study of neutrino helicity
- Feynman dipping an O-ring in water
来源:http://www.qiji.cn/drupal/node/13348
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