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英语口译数字教育练习 |
分类: 口译句子精练 |
口译基础----数字译法
一,口译中经常遇到数字,没有经过训练的人往往会出错,这是因为汉语和英语数字表达的方式不同。汉语是个,十,百,千,万,十万,百万,千万,亿,十亿……,也就是以“十”的倍数来表示;而英语则是在数字超过千以后,以“千”(thousand)的倍数来表达的。如“一万”是“十千”,即ten shousand;“十万”是“百千”,即hundred thousand,直至“百万”,million。百万以上的数字则用“百万”的倍数表达;如“千万”是“十百万”,即ten million;“亿”是“百百万”,即hundred million,直至“十亿”,billion。
二,翻译时常会遇到一些较笼统的数字,如“几个”,“十几个”,“几十个”等等,这类表达法需要熟记:
亿万
590
5,987,300
288,202,570
二亿八千八百二十万二千五百七十
9,045,781,038
8,935,501,490,326 八万九千三百五十五亿一百四十九万零三百二十六
三,汉语中有些对序数词提问的问题,译成英语时要改变提问法,如:
四、倍数的翻法(倍数增加)
The sun is 330,000 times as large as the earth.(太阳为地球的33万倍。)
This car runs three times as fast as that one.(这种汽车的速度是那种的三倍。或译作,这种汽车比那种快两倍。)
This giant space rocket is three times the weight of that one.(这种大型宇宙火箭的重量是那种的三倍。或译作,比那种重两倍。)
The runway for jet planes is four times the length of the one constructed 15 years ago.(这条供喷汽式飞机用的新跑道的长度是15年前修建的那条的四倍。或译作,比那条长三倍。)
This dam is four times longer than that one.(这座水坝比那座长四倍。或,这座水坝的长度是那座的五倍。)
Under circumspect preparation and organization, the pro- ductivity of labor has been from three to four times higher than usual.(在周密的准备和组织下,劳动生产率已比平常高三至四倍。)
Since the technical innovation, the output of lathes has increased by six times.(自从技术革新以来,车床产量增加了六倍。意即,是去年的七倍。)
This year the value of our industrial output has increased by twice as compared with that of last year.(今年我国工业产值比去年增加两倍。意即,是去年的三倍。)
The drain voltage has been increased by a factor of four. (漏电压增加了三倍。意即,是原来的四倍。)
to double(翻一番/是...的二倍)
to treble(增加两倍/是...的三倍)
to quadruple(增加三倍/是...的四倍/翻两番)
The efficiency of the machines has been more than doubled or trebled.(这些机器的效率已经增加了一倍或两倍多。)
As the high votage was abruptly trebled, all the valves burnt. (由于高压突然增加了两倍,电子管全烧坏了。)
五、倍数的翻法(倍数减少)
The length of the laser tube was reduced ten times.(激光管的长度缩短了十分之九,或缩短了90%。或译作,缩短为十分之一,即10%.)
Switching time of the new type transistor is shortened three times.(新型晶体管的开关时间缩短了三分之二。或译作,缩短为三分之一。)
John’s luggage is three times as light as Mary’s.(约翰行李的重量是玛丽行李的三分之一。)
This room is half as large as that one.(这个房间比那个房间小一半。)
This kind of film is twice thinner than ordinary paper.(这种薄膜的厚度比普通纸张薄一半。)
Reducing the data rate by one-half will double the duration of each symbol interval.(把数据率减少一半,就能使每一符号间隔的持续时间延长一倍。)
练习:
中国已经取得协议外资六千零八十一点六亿元,至1999年底,实际利用外资(actually utilized foreign investment)三千零四十四点五亿美元.1999年,海外承包项目及劳务合作稳步发展,1月至11月间合同总额达一百零二点七亿,增幅为2.1%, 收入达八十七点九亿美元,增幅为6.7%.
China has attracted 608.16 billion RMB contractual foreign investment. By the end of 1999, the actually utilized foreign investment totalled 304.45 billion US dollars. In 1999, China's overseas contracted projects and labour exchanges have developed very smoothly. From Jan. to Nov.,the total contracted value hit 10.27 billion RMB, increasing by 2.1%. The income arrived at 8.79 billion US dollars, up 6.7%.