殊方共享——丝绸之路国家博物馆文物精品展（三）

蒙古国

Mongolia

中华文明是人类最早的文明摇篮之一。她为人类贡献良多。沟通东西方的丝绸之路便是其中之一。这条道路不仅对于中国的王朝来说是伟大的发现，而且在那个时代对于所有文明来说都是惊人的成果，世界各地都从中获益。尤其是蒙古草原上的游牧部落和国家，因丝绸之路获得许多利益。几个世纪以来，蒙古高原的游牧民族通过丝绸之路与中国以及其他国家建立了联系。各种证据和事实，包括考古发现和文献资料都能证明这种联系。

丝绸之路深刻影响了生活在蒙古的游牧民族。人们可以通过古代蒙古城市的建筑、文化、宗教、贸易等方面，看到这些影响。举例而言，传统蒙古文字来源于古维吾尔语字母，而后者则是在粟特语基础上形成的。蒙古的考古学家们发现了来自中国和其他国家的各种钱币，这也是丝绸之路的另一重要证据。蒙古为丝绸之路的发展做出了杰出的贡献。13世纪时蒙古人建立了广阔的帝国。他们成功的秘诀是将丝绸之路打造成安全的贸易之路，促进了外交豁免权、自由关税，并且完美地将东西方之间的艺术、工艺和技术交流整合在一起。此外，蒙古人还向世界贡献了早期的护照，即"牌子"。

蒙古国家博物馆

Chinese civilization developed as one of earliest cradles of civilization for ail of mankind. It has contributed to countless benefits to humanity. One of them is the Silk Road which bridged the East and the West. It was not only a great discovery for the Chinese dynasties, but was also an amazing success for all civilizations at that time, all sides receiving benefits from it. In particular, the nomadic tribes and states in the Mongolian steppe had gained a lot of advantages kcause of the Silk Road. Through the centuries, Mongolian nomads had been connected through the Silk Road with China and other countriesr. There are a variety of facts and pieces of evidence that prove those relations Archaeological discoveries and literature sources have proved those connections.

The Silk road highly affected the lives of Mongolian nomads You could see is reflected in the architecture of ancient Mongolian cities, culture, religion, trade, and so on. For example, traditional Mongolian script is derived from the Old Uyghur alphabet, which formed on the basis of the Sogdian alphabet Various kinds of coins from China and other countries have been found by Mongolian archaeologists, and are another great type of evidence from the Silk Road. Mongolians made great contributions to the development of the Silk Road. In the 13th century, Mongolians established the largest empire known to man. Their secret to success was the creation of a secure and safe route for trade and travel along the Silk Road, promoting diplomatic immunity, liberal taxation, and orchestrating the cultural exchange of art, craftsmanship and technology between East and West. In addition，Mongolians introduced an early form of the passport, called a paiza or gerege, to the world.

Message from the National Museum of Mongolia

骨制印章

Bone seal

骨

后杭爱省，卡尔克林县

公元13-14世纪

蒙古国家博物馆藏

Bone

Kharkhorin sum, Uvurkhangai aimeg

13th-14th centuries CE

National Museum of Mongolia

皮带扣

Belt Buckle

青铜

公元前3世纪至公元1世纪 匈奴时期

蒙古国家博物馆藏

Bronze

Xiongnu period 3rd centuries BCE-1st centuries CE

National Museum of Mongolia

青铜盘

Bronze ware shaped as plate

青铜

肯特省，巴彦阿达尔嘎县，都尔里戈

公元前3世纪至公元1世纪 匈奴时期

蒙古国家博物馆藏

Bronze

Duurlig nars, Bayan Adarga sum, Khentii aimag

Xiongnu period 3rd centuries BCE-1st centuries CE

National Museum of Mongolia

骆驼鞍座

Camel's riding saddle

毛毡、布和皮革

南戈壁省，胡门县

公元19-20世纪

蒙古国家博物馆藏

Felt,Cotton and Leather,bone

Hurmen sum, Umnugovi aimag

19th -20th centuries CE

National Museum of Mongolia