State Key Laboratory of
Vegetation and Environmental Change, Institute of Botany, The
Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanxincun 20, Xiangshan, 100093,
Beijing, China
University of the Chinese
Academy of Sciences, No. 19, Yuquan Avenue, Beijing, 100049, PR
China
AbstractThe long-term application
of excessive chemical fertilizers has resulted in the degeneration
of soil quality parameters such as soil microbial biomass,
communities, and nutrient content, which in turn affects crop
health, productivity, and soil sustainable productivity. The
objective of this study was to develop a rapid and efficient
solution for rehabilitating degraded cropland soils by precisely
quantifying soil quality parameters through the application of
manure compost and bacteria fertilizers or its combination during
maize growth. We investigated dynamic impacts on soil microbial
count, biomass, basal respiration, community structure diversity,
and enzyme activity using six different treatments [no fertilizer
(CK), N fertilizer (N), N fertilizer + bacterial fertilizer (NB),
manure compost (M), manure compost + bacterial fertilizer (MB), and
bacterial fertilizer (B)] in the plowed layer (0–20 cm) of potted
soil during various maize growth stages in a temperate cropland of
eastern China. Denaturing gradient electrophoresis (DGGE)
fingerprinting analysis showed that the structure and composition
of bacterial and fungi communities in the six fertilizer treatments
varied at different levels. The Shannon index of bacterial and
fungi communities displayed the highest value in the MB treatments
and the lowest in the N treatment at the maize mature stage.
Changes in soil microorganism community structure and diversity
after different fertilizer treatments resulted in different
microbial properties. Adding manure compost significantly increased
the amount of cultivable microorganisms and microbial biomass, thus
enhancing soil respiration and enzyme activities (p<0.01), whereas N
treatment showed the opposite results (p<0.01). However, B and
NB treatments minimally increased the amount of cultivable
microorganisms and microbial biomass, with no obvious influence on
community structure and soil enzymes. Our findings indicate that
the application of manure compost plus bacterial fertilizers can
immediately improve the microbial community structure and diversity
of degraded cropland soils.
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(2019-11-26 20:32:07) 
