霍金谈科学与宗教
——摘自斯蒂芬·霍金在《卫报》中的对话
Stephen Hawking dismisses belief in God in an exclusive interview with the Guardian. Photograph: Solar & Heliospheric Observatory/Discovery Channel
在《卫报》的一次独家专访中,斯蒂芬·霍金驳斥了对上帝的信仰。摄影:太阳和太阳风层探测器/发现频道
A belief that heaven or an afterlife awaits us is a "fairy story" for people afraid of death, Stephen Hawking has said.
斯蒂芬·霍金曾这样说过,相信天堂或来生在等着我们只不过是一出“神话”,因为人们害怕死亡。
In a dismissal that underlines his firm rejection of religious comforts, Britain's most eminent scientist said there was nothing beyond the moment when the brain flickers for the final time.
这样的驳斥表明了霍金对宗教抚慰的坚决抵制,这位英国最杰出的科学家认为,当大脑闪现出最后一丝灵光后,生命便会陷入虚无。
Hawking, who was diagnosed with motor neurone disease at the age of 21, shares his thoughts on death, human purpose and our chance existence in an exclusive interview with the Guardian today.
这位21岁时就被诊断患上了运动神经元疾病的物理学家最近接受了《卫报》的独家专访,与读者们分享了他对死亡以及人类存在之目的和偶然性的看法。
The incurable illness was expected to kill Hawking within a few years of its symptoms arising, an outlook that turned the young scientist to Wagner, but ultimately led him to enjoy life more, he has said, despite the cloud hanging over his future.
随着病情的日趋严重,很多人认为这种目前还无法治愈的疾病会在几年内终结霍金的生命,这种观点甚至使这位年轻的科学家迷上了瓦格纳的音乐,但最终,霍金战胜了病魔,他说自己比以前更会享受生活,虽然未来还笼罩在未知的阴云之中。
"I have lived with the prospect of an early death for the last 49 years. I'm not afraid of death, but I'm in no hurry to die. I have so much I want to do first," he said.
“这四十九年来,我随时都有可能与死神不期而遇。死亡我并不畏惧,但急着赴死也并非是我的本意。我还有很多事情没有完成,”他说。
"I regard the brain as a computer which will stop working when its components fail. There is no heaven or afterlife for broken down computers; that is a fairy story for people afraid of the dark," he added.
“我认为大脑就如同一台电脑,零件失灵它也就停止工作了。对于陷入停滞的电脑来说,天堂或来生是不存在的;它们只是为害怕闭眼的人所预备的一出神话而已,”他补充说。
Hawking's latest comments go beyond those laid out in his 2010 book, The Grand Design, in which he asserted that there is no need for a creator to explain the existence of the universe. The book provoked a backlash from some religious leaders, including the chief rabbi, Lord Sacks, who accused Hawking of committing an "elementary fallacy" of logic.
霍金最近关于宗教的其他评论在他2010年出版的新书《伟大设计》(The Grand Design)中都能找到,在这本书中,霍金断言,解释宇宙的存在并不需要虚构什么造物主。《伟大设计》一书激起了某些宗教领袖的强烈不满,例如首席拉比萨克斯勋爵(Lord Sacks)就斥责霍金犯了一个逻辑上的“基本谬误”。
The 69-year-old physicist fell seriously ill after a lecture tour in the US in 2009 and was taken to Addenbrookes hospital in an episode that sparked grave concerns for his health. He has since returned to his Cambridge department as director of research.
自2009年在美国举行了巡回演讲之后,这位现年六十九岁的物理学家就大病了一场,其间被送到阿登布鲁克医院(Addenbrookes hospital)进行救治的消息还引发了公众对其健康的严重关注。最近,霍金已经以研究主任的身份重返剑桥了。
The physicist's remarks draw a stark line between the use of God as a metaphor and the belief in an omniscient creator whose hands guide the workings of the cosmos.
霍金的言论将隐喻的上帝和作为信仰的上帝完全区分了开来,在信众的眼中,上帝是无所不能的造物主,他主宰了宇宙的运作机制。
In his bestselling 1988 book, A Brief History of Time, Hawking drew on the device so beloved of Einstein, when he described what it would mean for scientists to develop a "theory of everything" – a set of equations that described every particle and force in the entire universe. "It would be the ultimate triumph of human reason – for then we should know the mind of God," he wrote.
在1988年出版的畅销书《时间简史》(A Brief History of Time)中,当写到“万有理论”对于科学家来说意味着什么时,霍金就耍了一回爱因斯坦最喜欢用的招数。“那将是人类理性的终极胜利——因为到那时,我们就能洞晓上帝的思维,”他在书中这样写到。
The book sold a reported 9 million copies and propelled the physicist to instant stardom. His fame has led to guest roles in The Simpsons, Star Trek: The Next Generation and Red Dwarf. One of his greatest achievements in physics is a theory that describes how black holes emit radiation.
这本书据说卖出了九百万本,霍金顿时成为了物理界的顶级巨星。冲天的名望让他在《辛普森一家》(The Simpsons)、《星际迷航:下一代》(Star Trek: The Next Generation)和《红矮星号》(Red Dwarf)中都过了一把客串瘾。而在老本行中,霍金亦建树颇多,他最伟大的成就便是理论描绘了黑洞如何释放辐射。
In the interview, Hawking rejected the notion of life beyond death and emphasised the need to fulfil our potential on Earth by making good use of our lives. In answer to a question on how we should live, he said, simply: "We should seek the greatest value of our action."
在这次访谈中,霍金还驳斥了死亡之后生命依然存在的理念,并强调这只不过是人类通过延续生命概念来满足潜在永生的需求罢了。在回答人类应该如何生活的问题时,他只是简单说了一句:“人类应当寻求行为的最高价值。”
In answering another, he wrote of the beauty of science, such as the exquisite double helix of DNA in biology, or the fundamental equations of physics.
在回答另一个问题时,霍金则回顾了科学之美,例如生物学中DNA精致的双螺旋结构,或物理学中的基本方程等。
来源:https://tieba.baidu.com/p/3678101113?red_tag=1715459967
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