Lesson 69 Not A murder
I was being tested for a
driving licence for the third time. I had been asked to drive in
heavy traffic /and had done so successfully. After having been
instructed to drive out of town, I began to acquire confidence.
Sure that I had passed, I was almost beginning to enjoy my test.
The examiner must have been pleased with my performance, for he
smiled and said. 'Just one more thing, Mr.Eames. Let us suppose
that a child suddenly crosses the road in front of you. As soon as
I tap on the window, you must stop within five feet.'(I want the
car to be stopped immediately美音录音中是这句话).
I continued driving and after some time, the examiner tapped
loudly, Though the sound could be heard clearly, it took me a long
time to react. I suddenly pressed the brake pedal hard and we were
both thrown forward. The examiner looked at me sadly. 'Mr.Eames,'
he said, in a mournful voice, 'you have just killed that
child!'
我第3次接受驾驶执照考试。按照要求在车辆拥挤的路上驾驶，我圆满地完成了。在接到把车开出城的指令后，我开始有了信心。确信我已通过考试，所以我几乎开始喜欢起这次考试。主考人对我的驾驶想必是满意的，因为他微笑着说：“埃姆斯先生，只剩1项了。让我们假设一个小孩子突然在你前面穿过马路。我一敲车窗，你必须把车停在5英尺之内。（车得立即停下来）”
我继续往前开着。过了一会儿，主考人砰砰地敲了起来。虽然声音听得很清楚，但我过了好一会儿才作出反应。我突然用力踩紧刹车踏板，结果我俩的身体都向前冲去。主考人伤心地看着我。“埃姆斯先生，”他以悲伤的声调说，“你刚刚把那个小孩压死了！”
６９课笔记
单词：
1）murder n. 谋杀，谋杀案
e.g.six
murders in one week 一周之内的六起谋杀案
be guilty of
murder犯谋杀罪。commit murder进行谋杀
v. murder sb.with sth
e.g.谋杀某人。他用刀杀害了他的妻子 He murdered his wife with a
knife.
糟蹋：murder a piece of music
糟蹋了一首乐曲
murderer
谋杀犯，凶手 murderess 女凶手
2）tap n.龙头
turn the hot
and cold taps off 把冷水和热水龙头关掉．
v. tap sth （off） from
e.g.打开桶的龙头放出啤酒 tap beer from the
barrel
轻拍。tab sb/sth with sth
tab sb on the shoulder轻拍某人肩膀
轻敲 he tapped the box with a stick 他用小棒敲打盒子。
tap at/on sth。 轻敲．．．
who's tapping at the
window？谁在轻轻敲着窗？
n. they heard a tap at the door 他们听到轻轻的敲门声
3）instruct 命令，指示
instruct sb.in sth.
教授某人什么课程或者技巧。
e.g.instruct a class in
history教某班级历史
instruct sb. to do sth. 指示（吩咐）某人做某事
e.g.I instructed her to lock the
door.我吩咐她关上门。
instructions 说明书 （可数名词，有复数形式加s）
instructions to do sth.
e.g.follow the instructions to repair the
bike
指示：instructions to a lawyer给律师的指示。
instructive 有教育意义的 an instructive
book 一本有教育意义的书
4）react 反应
e.g.pinch me and I will react。
反对，反抗
e.g.react against sb/sth react strongly
against this dictator 强烈 反抗这个独裁者
react with sth.（指物质）起化学反应
e.g.Iron reacts with water and air to produce
rust 铁与水和空气起化 学反应而生锈。（reaction 名词形式）
5）acquire
（acquisition名词形式）（靠自己的能力，努力或行为而）获得，得到 （某事物），学到（知识，技能等）
e.g.Tom acquired a good knowledge of chinese
in five years' time 5年时间里tom学会了汉语。
养成...习惯
Tom acquired a habit of smoking （get into a
habit of ）
Tom 养成了吸烟的习惯
6）brake 刹车 n.
brake light
The driver braked hard as the
child ran onto the road in front of him
那孩子跑到汽车前面的路上，司机猛踩刹车。
7）confidence n.自信，自信心
to have/los confidence in sb。对某人抱有（失去）信心
缺乏信心 lack of confidence
I have much confidence in him 我对他很有信心
自信，把握
He answered this question with confidence
他很有把握的回答了这个问 题。
you should have more confidence in yourself
你应该增强自信心。
in confidence 当作秘密
I am telling you this in confidence
我现在告诉你的这件事情是个秘密 （strict confidence
绝密）
confident adj. confident of sth/that
he is confident of victory
他对胜利充满信心
a confident smile一个自信的微笑
8) pedal(自行车和缝纫机的)踏板
9) examiner 主考官（instructor
教员，指导者）
10) mournful 悲哀的
in a mourful
voice 以悲伤的声调
in a ...
voice 以...声调
in a excited
voice 以兴奋的声调
e.g.he told them the news in a mourful voice
11) suppose 假设 v.
Let us suppose that
让我们假设。。。
e.g.Let us suppose that there
is a forest fire
让我们假设森林里有火灾
e.g.I suppose you you want to borrow money from me again?
我猜你又要找我借钱了吧。
Be supposed to do sth。应该做某事
e.g.I am supposed to clean all the rooms.
我应该清理好所有的房间
12)Heavy 交通拥挤
heavy
traffic
e.g.Traffic
is too heavy today。
今天的交通真拥挤．
13)be pleased with 对...满意
be satisfied with
be content with
e.g.My boss
is pleased （satisfied／content）with my work
performance
老板对我的工作表现很满意．
14)Kill(v.)---“杀”，“杀死”。普通用语。指任何一种致死行为。
Assassinate(v.)---“暗杀”。指出于政治目的进行的暗杀行为。
Murder(v.)---“谋杀”，“凶杀”。指非法地有目的的杀害他人。
Slaughter(v.)---“屠杀”。尤指为肉食而屠杀；还指错杀或残酷地杀死很多人。
e.g.Two
people were killed in a car accident.
在一次车祸中有两人丧生。
President Kennedy was assassinated in Dallas in 1963.
肯尼迪总统于1963年在达拉斯被暗杀。
It is said that one person was murdered on the beach.
据说一个人在海滩上被谋杀了。
Tens of thousands were slaughtered on the battlefields of
Macedonia.
成千上万的人在马其顿战场上被杀死了。
语法点：
被动语态是这一课的重要的语法点．英语的语态是通过动词形式的变化表现出来的。英语中有两种语态：主动语态和被动语态。主动语态表示主语是动作的执行者。巧记为：主动、主动、主去动。
被动语态的构成：
１. 被动语态由“助动词be＋及物动词的过去分词”构成。人称、数和时态的变化是通过be的变化表现出来的。现以do为例说明被动语态在各种时态中的构成。
一般现在时：am／is／are＋done
一般过去时：was／were＋done
一般将来时：will／shall be＋done
现在进行时：am／is／are being＋done
过去进行时：have／has been＋done
现在完成时：have／has been＋done
歌诀是：被动语态be字变，过去分词跟后面。
2. 被动语态的特殊结构形式
1)带情态动词的被动结构。其形式为：情态动词＋be＋过去分词。
例The baby should be taken good care of by the
baby-sitter.
2)
有些动词可以有两个宾语，在用于被动结构时，可以把主动结构中的一个宾语变为 主语，另一宾语仍然保留在谓语后面。通常变为主语的是间接宾语。
例His mother gave him a present for his
birthday. 可改为 He was
given a present by his mother for his
birthday.
3）在使役动词have, make, get以及感官动词see, watch,
notice, hear, feel,
observe等后面不定式作宾语补语时，在主动结构中不定式to要省略，但变为 被动结构时，要加to。
例Someone saw a stranger walk into the building.
可改为A stranger was seen to walk into the building.
1.He made the boy work for two hours
yesterday.可改为The boy was made to
work by him for two hours yesterday.
2.Mother never lets me watch TV .I am
never let to watch TV by mother.
4.
在被动语态中还可以用介词+动名词结构。介词（after,before,on）+动名词这 个结构通常相当于一个时间状语从句。如果两个动作中有一个在另一个开始之前已经完 成，则可以用after+动名词的完成式表示第一个动作；如果只表示先后顺序，则可用 after（或before）+动名词结构；on+动名词通常表示两个动作几乎同时发生。
After having been instructed to drive out of the town,I began
to acquire confidence.
在接到把车开出城的指令后，我就开始有信心了。
The man called the police after being robbed.
那人遭抢劫后给警方打了电话
He killed a child before being arrested
他在被捕前杀死了一个孩子
On/After being told that her mother was seriously,she hurried
back to England.
她得知母亲病重后连忙回到英国。
被动语态用于介词+动名词结构一般不用于口语，比较正式。
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