1.Adverbial Clauses of Time:（时间状语从句）

   when, while, as, before, after, since, until,

   as soon as, every time, each time, the

   moment,   by the time…

I.when

 

1)When he comes here tomorrow,I will call

   you. (at the time that)

 

2)Henry is in charge of the office when

   Mr.Smith   is away.  (during the time that)

II.while

 1)While he was walking in the street,

     he met  Tim.  (分词短语）

While walking in the street,he met Tim.

 Walking in the street ,he met Tom.

2)He learned to speak English while he was                    

    here.

 

 3)I like tea while she likes coffee.

III.  as  (一边...一边,随着）

 1)As they were picking tea,the girls were

     singing happily.

 2) She sang as she worked.

 

IV. Before

 

1)It won’t be long before he finishes his writing.

 

V.  After

1)After he (had) finished his work,he left there.

He (had) finished his work before he left here

After finishing his work,he left here.

Having finished his work,he left here.

VI. since  (from the time that)

  1)I have known him ever since he was a boy.

  2)I have worked here since I graduated from

     the university.

*         3)It is (has been)two years since he came  here.

VII.  until (till)  (up to the time that)

1)He will not go to bed until(till) his

   mother comes.

 

2)Until she told me, I had no idea of what 

   they   had said.

 

3)It is not until his mother comes home

   that   he will go to bed.(强调结构）

VIII .as soon as

1)As soon as she got home,she began to cook.

 

On getting home,she began to cook.

*IX. every time,each time,the moment

 1)Every time/each time I catch a cold,I

    have pain   in my back.

 2)There was an applause the moment (as

    soon as)  she appeared on the stage.

Exercises:

1.They walked out of the room ___the

  meeting  was over.

 

2.They must stay in school ____they are

   sixteen.

 

3.Take the medicine ____you go to bed.

 

4.I knew nothing about it _______he told me.

 

5.It is more than five years ____we started to

   learn English.

 

6._____he talked on,he got more and more

   excited.

 

7.We should strike ____the iron is hot.

2.Adverbial Clauses of Reason(原因状语从句）

   

      because,  since,  as,

      now that,  for

I. because

1)The ship changed its course because there

   was   a storm.

 

The ship changed its course because of

 the storm.

2)Because he was ill,he didn’t go to school.

  

He was ill ,so he didn’t go to school.

Being ill, he didn’t go to school.

II.since

    1)Since you  are ill,you’d better go to see

        the doctor.

    2)Since you do not understand ,I will

        explain again.

 

  III.as

    1)As she was late for class,she had to say

       sorry.

    2)As Jane was the oldest in this family,

       she had to look after the others.

IV.  now that

 1)Now that class is over,let’s go to play

    football.

 

V.for

   He must be ill, for he is absent today.

 

 

Exercises:

 

1.The teacher must be strict with you ____

   they want you to make great progress.

2.____your father is well again,you no longer

   have anything to worry about.

3.The day breaks,_____the birds are singing.

 

3.Adverbial Clauses of Condition

   (条件状语从句）

I.if

1)If he had worked harder,he would have passed

   the exam.

2)If you work harder,you will succeed.

Work harder, and you will succeed

Work harder,or you won’t succeed.

Working harder,you will succeed.

II.unless

1)We can’t write to Mary unless she tells us

    her address.

 

We can’t write to Mary if she doesn’t tell us

 her address.

III.as long as(只要 )

 1)I will never give up learning as long as I live.

 2)You may borrow the book as long as you

    keep it clean.

*IV.on condition that（条件是）

  We’ll let you use the room on condition that

  you keep it tidy.

*V.in case(万一）

You’d better take your raincoat with you in case

 it rains.

4.Adverbial Clauses of Place (地点状语从句）

  You may find him where his parents live.

5.Adverbial Clauses of Purpose (目的状语从句）

      so  that /in order that

 They set out early so that (in order that) they

  might arrive  there in time.

They set out early in order to( so as to)

arrive there in time.

6.Adverbial Clauses of Result（结果状语从句）

   so…that…,such…that…

1) It is so good a story that I’ll never forget it.

   It is such a good story that I’ll never forget it.

 

2)such+adj.+名词  +that clause

 

3)so +adj./adv. +that clause

 

4)so + many/few + 复数名词     +that clause

           much/little+不可数名词

 

7.Adverbial Clauses of Comparison（比较状语从句）

 as…as,not as(so)…as,

 more/-er…than,less…than

1)He doesn’t work so hard as you do.

2)There is as much ink  in bottle A as in bottle B.

3)The more you worry,the less you’ll succeed.

4) Gold is much heavier than any other metal.

 8.Adverbial Clauses of Concession(让步状语从句）

 1)Although(Though) he is old ,he works hard.

    He is old,but he works hard.

 *2)Even though (even if)you say so,I don’t

      believe  it.   (即使 )

*3. Difficult as the work is,we’ll finish it on time.

    Though the work is difficult,we’ll finish it

    on time.

 

4.Whenever(No matter when) you come to

   our country,you will be warmly welcomed.

 

5.Wherever(No matter where) he goes,he always

   brings two bodyguards with him.

 

9.Adverb Clauses of Manner(方式状语从句  )

 

 1)  You must try to do as I did.

 

*          2)Let’s do as Mrs. Li teaches us.

 

*3)He talks as if he knew all about it. (好象  )

Exercises:Fill in the blank with a conjunction.

  (where, unless, if, as, such…that, even though , as if,   now that)

1.A driver should  slow down ___the

   roads   are narrow.

2.___you mail the letter today, it won’t arrive

   there.

3.___he has time,he will come and see us  later.

4.Tom made __great progress ___his headmaster  praised him at the school meeting.

 

5.___his father knew what he had done, the boy   was going to be in trouble.

 

6.We will stay a little longer ___it is very late.

7.She pretended to laugh loudly ___the story

   were  very funny.

 

8.Poor ___his English was,yet Mr.Li made

   himself understood in England.

 

9.You should do ___your parents ask you to do.