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冀教版八年级英语上 Unit1 知识点总结

(2012-08-28 17:19:53)
标签:

知识点

教育

分类: 教育教学

冀教版八年级英语上

Unit1 Me and My Class知识点总结

 

Lesson 1   Li Ming Is Back to School
1. be back 意思是返回,强调状态,get back, come back ,go back等也有返回,但强调动作,be back to +n.(地名), 意思是回到……
e.g. The new term begins, We are back to school.
2.My class has fifty pupils .
我班有50个学生。
也可以说成There’re fifty pupils in my class.
3.have classes
意思是上课。也可以说成have lessons.
I have four classes/lessons every morning.
4.be happy/sorry/glad …to do sth.
意思是很……做某事。
e.g. I’m happy to meet you.
5. It’s fun to get e-mail from China. .
收到中国来的电子邮件很有趣。
it
是形式主语。真正的主语是动词不定式to get e-mail from China.
6. exercise
是名词,意思是练习, 锻炼,做练习讲时,是可数名词。做锻炼讲时是不可数名词;而在表示早操,眼保健操时要用复数形式。
(1).Running is good exercise for many people.
(2).The students have to do a lot of math exercises.
(3).We not only do morning exercises but also do eye exercises every day.

Lesson 2   Many faces, One Picture
 1. wear 动词表示穿着,它有一些近义词,:put on , dress, in 注意它们的区别.put on 意思是穿上强调穿的动作,dress意思是给某人穿或自己穿衣服.in 表示穿着的状态,wear意思相同,但不能单独使用,需要和be一起做谓语,后面常跟表示颜色或服装的词.
①. You are wearing a red coat.
②.You have a red coat on..
③. You are in a red coat.
④. He put on his coat and go out.
⑤.I dress myself every morning.
⑥.Mum is dressing my little sister.
2. like
动词表示喜欢,后面跟v-ing 形式或动词的不定式.
3. I don’t like my picture. 
我不喜欢我的照片.
一般现在时态的否定句,谓语的否定形式由助动词don’t /doesn’t+动词原形构成.
4. look like
看起来像,look 是半系动词表示看起来,like是介词,意思是像.
e.g.  She looks like her mother.
5. take pictures/photos ,take a picture/photo
意思是照相.
6 .wish  n..①
愿望:she has no wish to leave.她不想走。
祝福,祝愿:With best wishes.祝好(信末结束语)
  v.
想要,需要,希望
⑴. wish to do
She wishes to go abroad.她想出国。
⑵.wish sb. to do sth.
What do  you wish me to do?你想让我做什么?
⑶.wish sb. sth.
I wish you a pleasant journey!  祝你旅途愉快!

Lesson 3  Getting to Know You!
1. surprise  可以做可数名词,与不定冠词连用.,意思为惊奇,惊讶.
固定短语:have a  surprise. 有一个惊喜.
2. Everyone is happy , but not Danny.
大家都很高兴,除了Danny.
but
此处是介词,意思是除了,相当于except.
3. I don’t know her , either .  
我也不认识她.
 too,  also
either
  (1).also
是正式用语,通常用于肯定句中,其位置一般放在系动词、助动词、情态动词之后或实义动词之前。如:
    I also went
.我也去了。
    He can also speak English
.他也会说英语。
  (2).too
常与also通用,口语中用得较多,也是用于肯定句中。其位置一般在句末或句中,在句末时,前边常有逗号;在句中时前后均有逗号。如:
    I
toohave been to Beijing.我也去过北京。
    You work hard
and I work hardtoo.你工作努力,我上作也努力。
  (3).either
用于否定句中,而且要放在句尾。如:
    If you don’t go
I won’t goeither.你不去,我也不去了。
4. like …best
意思为最喜欢, like …better意思为较喜欢  , like …very much ,很喜欢;
like …a little
有点喜欢  , don’t like --- at all根本不喜欢.
5.play
后面跟乐器时要加定冠词.后面跟球类时,不加定冠词.
6.hate 
不喜欢,憎恨hate to do sth, hate doing sth. 是固定短语都表示不喜欢或憎恨做某事,dislike 的意思是不喜欢但后面只能跟动名词.
7.enjoy, like
love
   (1). enjoy
表示喜欢,喜爱,相当于动词likelove,后面跟名词、代词或动名词形式。       e.g.  I enjoy swimming.我喜欢游泳。
        They enjoy Chinese food very much
.他们很喜欢中国食物。
  enjoy+
反身代词,表示玩得愉快
    Did you enjoy yourself at the park yesterday?
昨天你在公园玩得高兴吗?
   (2). like
是一般用语,语气较弱,后常接动名词、动词不定式、名词或代词形式。
enjoy
like意思类似,但enjoy后面不能跟不定式。如:
I don’t like to swim this afternoon

我今天下午不想去游泳。(一次性的具体动作)
    I like swimming very much
.我很喜欢游泳。(习惯性的动作)
   (3). love
非常喜欢,感情色彩比like强烈,常用来表示热爱,后跟名词、代词、动名词或动词不定式。如:
    We all love our motherland
.我们都爱我们的祖国。
    She likes him
but doesn’t love him.她喜欢他,但并不爱他
8.
行为动词一般现在时的否定句和疑问句
    
行为动词一般现在时的否定句和疑问句与be动词的句型变化不大一样,前者要用do not(does not)否定动词构成否定句,用do(does)构成疑问句;而后者只需在be动词的各种人称形式(amareis)之后加not构成否定句,把be提到主语之前构成疑问句。如:
 (1).   I like it
()我喜欢它。
 
Do you like it? ()你喜欢它吗?--
  —Yes
I do(NoI don’t)是的,我喜欢。(不,我不喜欢。)
  I don’t like it
()我不喜欢它。
  (2).  I am at work
()我在工作。
 
Are you at work? ()你在工作吗?
 
YesI am(NoI am not)是的。(不。)
  I am not at work
()我没有在工作。

Lesson 4   On a School Day
1.  on the weekend =at the weekend在周末
2.  Something different all year round .
一年到头穿不同的衣服.
形容词放在something , anything , nothing等不定代词的后面作定语.
I saw something interesting yesterday.
3.  blouse
女衫, shirt指男衬衫.
4.  (1).   be made of
……制造的,指的是从成品上能看出原材料。
如:The desk is made of wood.
(2). be made from
……制造的,指的是从成品上很难以看出原材料。
如:Paper is made from wood.

Lesson5  The Best Clothes
1. clothesclothingdress
   (1). clothes
是最常用词,指身上的各种服装,包括上衣、裤子、内衣等,是复数名词,可以用thesemany等词修饰,但不能与具体的数词连用。如:
    She often wears beautiful clothes
.她经常穿漂亮的衣服。
These clothes are new
.这些衣服是新的。
    (2). clothing
是服装的总称,没有复数形式。如:
 This shop sells women’s  clothing
.这家商店出售妇女服装。
 (3). dress
范围较窄,作可数名词时,指一件女服、连衣裙、儿童装;作不可数名词时,指某种特殊服装,尤指在社交场合穿的衣服。如:
 My sister is wearing a red dress
.我妹妹穿一件红色连衣裙。
2. very
muchvery much
(1).  very
能修饰形容词或副词,而muchvery much则不能;
(2).  much
可修饰形容词或副词的比较级,very much有时也可这样用,而very则不能;
(3).  very much
可修饰某些感性的动词,如:wantlikeenjoylovethank等,verymuch不能这样用。如:
    I’m very pleased to meet you
.见到你很高兴。
    She’s very good
friendly to me.她待我很好/很友好。
    He is running very fast
.他正跑得飞快。
    He’s much better now
.他身体现在好多了。
I enjoyed myself very much at her birthday party last Sunday.
上星期天,我在她的生日聚会上玩得很愉快。
Thank you very much
.非常感谢你。
3.  voice
soundnoise
   (1).voice
一般指人的声音、声质、声调。如:
    Her voice is very sweet
.她的声音很甜。
   (2).sound
含义最广,泛指可以听到的自然界中所有的声音。如:
    I can hear the sound of running water
.我能听到流水声。
   (3).noise
噪音、闹声,即不悦耳的、令人讨厌的声音。如:
    Don’t   make so much noises
.不要那样吵
4. I don’t like this pair anymore.
not…any more
意思上是不再,用于否定句中表示动作不再继续。anymore常为any more.:如:
can’t believe you any more.
2. You could paint them.
(1). Could
表示一种委婉或劝告的语气,如:
You could do it for me.
(2). Paint
动词涂(颜料,油漆),名词颜料。如:
She got out her markers and paints and began to paint.
3. What did you do to your runners?
do to
意思是……做了什么如:
What did you do to the bad milk?
4. They look silly.
(1).Silly     adj
.傻的,糊涂的:Don’t be silly!别傻了!
  It’s silly of sb
to do sth.:It’s silly of you to do that!你那样做真傻!
(2). Look
系动词,后面可以跟形容词如:The boy looks excited.
That building looks great.
5. Krista could not think of an answer.
think
意思是。 和不同的介词连用有不同的意思。think about意思是考虑……think of 意思上是想到。如:
She is thinking about how to solve the problem.

Lesson 6   Meet Ms.Liu
1Finish
  v
.完成,结束:Have you finished that book yet?你读完那本书没有?
 
【考点】finish doing sth.干完:I have finished doing my homework.我已经做完家庭
 
作业。finish off做完,结束:He finished the work off yesterday.这活他昨天就干完了。
  2
introduce  v.介绍;  【考点】introduce sb. to sb.把某人介绍给某人:
May I introduce my friend Lucy to you?
让我向你介绍我的朋友露茜。
  3
piano    n.钢琴:play the piano弹钢琴
 
【考点】play后面跟乐器时要加定冠词,如:play the violin, play the guitar, 后面跟球类时,不加定冠词。如:play basketball, play football.
  4
singer  n.歌唱家      v.+er/or→
 read-----reader       write-----writer     invent---inventor
5
married  adj.结婚的:Are you married?你结婚了吗?
He is married to a famous writer
.他娶了一位著名的作家。
a married woman
已婚女子

Lesson 7  Jenny’s  Week
1Brian and I were on one team, and Sandra and Danny were on the other team.布莱恩和我在一个(篮球)队,桑德拉和丹尼在另一个队。
  (1).one
...the other...指“(两个中的)一个……另一个……”。如:
I have two pencils
one is redthe other is green
我有两枝铅笔:一枝是红的,另一枝是绿的。
  (2)on
是介词,表示……中的一个成员……供职。如:
    I’m on our city team
.我是市队里的一个成员。
    I’m on the China Daily
.我在《中国日报》社工作。
2
Last Saturdaymy mother bought a pair of jeans for me
上星期六,我妈妈给我买了一条牛仔裤。
buy sth. for sb.
给某人买某物,也可以说成buy sb. sth.
  e.g.  She bought me a new bike

She bought a new bike for me.
她给我买了一辆新自行车。

 

Lesson 8   Unit Review
1. Likes and Dislikes(Ⅰ)
(1).I like to wear my red coat.
(2).Sandra likes going for walks.
(3).Sandra loves to eat many different foods.
(4).I don’t like my picture.
(5).I dislike Mondays.
(6).I hate rain.
(7).I hate getting out of bed sometimes.
(8).I hate to comb my hair.
2.
一般现在时的用法
 l)
.表示现在的状态、特征、性质。如:
    He is very happy
.他很高兴。
    You look fine today
.你今天看上去不错。
    I have three classes in the morning
.上午我有三节课。
 2)
.表示经常发生的或习惯性的动作。如:
    I usually take a bus to school every morning
.我通常每天早上坐公共汽车去上学。
 3)
.在时间状语从句和条件状语从句中,用一般现在时表示将来。如:
    When he receives the letter
he’ll telI us.他接到信,会告诉我们的。
    If you come this afternoon
we’ll have a party.如果你今天下午来,我们就举行一个宴会。
  4)
.表示状态和感觉的动词,如:belikehatehavethinkrememberwanthope
find
sound等常用于一般现在时。如:
She loves sports
.她喜欢运动。
What do you hate to do?
你讨厌做什么?
   5)
.一般现在时还可以表示一个按规定、计划或安排将要发生的情况(这时都有一个表示未来时间的状语):但限于少数动词,如:begincomeleavegoarrivestartreturnstopclose等。如:
    The meeting begins at seven
7点开会。
    What time is the football match?
足球赛什么时候举行?
   6)
.电影说明或剧情介绍,新闻标题或小说章节题目,动作解说,特别是电视解说词,常用一般现在时。

 

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