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possible, probable, likely的用法精讲(1)

(2007-12-08 20:55:16)
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知识/探索

 possible, probable, likely的用法精讲(1)

第一人讲

. possible表示客观上潜在的可能性,也许实际发生的可能性并不大。possible一般不用表示人的词做主语,但若真的要用表示人的词做主语,possible后接不定式,这个不定式动作的逻辑宾语应是句子的主语,但此时的possible已经转意为容易的。常用结构有:
 1. It is possiblefor sbto do sth.
 2. It is possible that从句。
It is possible for us to get from Beijing to Tianjin in less than an hour.
我们有可能用不到1小时的时间就可从北京到达天津。
It is possible that I might be of some use in that part of work.
在做工作的那一部分时,我可能帮得上忙。
. probable表示有几分根据的推测,比possible表示的可能性大。换句话说,probable有可能,是指有实际的依据或逻辑上合乎情理。一般不用表人的词做主语。常用结构有:
 1. Sth. is probable.
 2. It is probable that从句。
It is possible that it will rain, but with such a blue sky it doesn’t seem probable.
下雨的可能是有的,但天空一片蔚蓝,可能性似乎不大。
His success is not impossible but hardly probable.
他的成功并非是不可能的,但是希望极小。
. likely强调表面上看来有可能,与probable意思接近,有时可以互换,但likely常暗示从表面迹象来判断;probable则经过权衡正反两方面的理由后而相信某事是真实的或大概会发生。常用结构有:
  1. 主语(人或物)is likely to do sth.
  2. It is likely that从句。
I’m hardly likely to finish it within a week.
     我不可能在一周内把它干完。
It is very likely that he will not agree.
他很 可能不同意。

第二人讲

It is possible but not probable that it will rain. 句中possibleprobable的位置能否调换,为什么?如果调换意思会发生什么变化?
[解答]possible表示客观上潜在的可能性,但常带有可能性很小的暗示;probable是有几分根据的推测,语气比possible强;句意为可能下雨,但不见得会下。如果二者互换,不合逻辑。

Tomorrow is Sunday and he has a day off, so he is ______to attend our party.

A. probable         B. possible

C. likely              D. possibility

答案:C

[解答]:这几个词都有“可能”的意思,我们可以说:

it’s probable / possible / likely that,

但只能说:

sb. be likely to do sth,

it’s possible for sb. to do sth.

Its quite possible for us to finish the work before dark

不能说:

it’s likely <> for sb. to do sth. (X)

sb. be probable to do sth,

sb. be possible to do sth.

likely

(1) adj.有可能的;可能发生的适当的;正合要求的 e.g.
Can you tell me the likely result?
你能告诉我可能的结果吗?
This looks a likely place to take a bath.
这地方适合洗个澡。
常用结构:
sb/ sth +be + likely + to do sth
it +be + likely + that-clause
e.g.
He’s likely to ring me tonight.= It’s likely that he will ring me tonight.
他可能今晚给我打电话。
Susan isn’t likely to win.
苏珊不可能赢
It’s likely that she will pass the exam= She is likely to pass the exam.
她有可能通过这次考试。
It isn’t likely to rain.
不太像要下雨。
(2) adv.
通常与very, most, quite连用,very/most/quite likely很可能; as likely as not可能;十之八九
e.g.
Most likely he will lose his way.
很可能他会迷路。

第三人讲

①三个词均表示可能的,但likelyprobable所表示的可能性大,possible表示的可能性小。
②三个词均可用于It is … that…结构。
e.g.
It is possible/ likely/ probable that they will win.
他们可能会赢。
③只有likely可以用人当主语。
e.g.
They are likely to win.
他们可能会赢。(此处不能用possibleprobable
possiblelikely后可接不定式,而probable不与不定式连用:It is possible/ likely to happen.事情可能要发生。(不能用probable
Practice
1. My brother is not____ to attend your birthday party.
A. possible B. probable C. perhaps D. likely
2. It is ____ for you to persuade him.
A. possible B. likely C. probable D. possibly
Key for reference  1. D 2. A

第四人讲

一般说来,possible表示有可能的意味;probable则表示可能发生的意味。因此,前者可译作可能的可为的;后者则译作大概的或然的
试对比下列的例句:
The doctors are trying in every way possibleevery possible wayto save the terminal patient
医生们正在用一切可能的方法去挽救那临终病人。
It's possible to prevent AIDS
艾滋病是可以预防的。
(注意:此句不可改为: AIDS is possible to prevent.)
Is it possible for us to get to the airport before five
五点钟之前可否赶到机场?
possible与另一形容词同时修饰一个名词时,它经常放在该名词之后。例如to try in every way possible (见第一个例句) in the shortest time possibleby all means possible
下面是probable的例子:
It is probable that it will rain this afternoon.今日下午大约会下雨。
I think it probable.我想或许会的。
It is probable that Mr. Liang will not come.梁先生大概不会来了。
注意: It is probable之后只能接 that 引导的从句,不能接动词不定式。例如:
It is probable to happen.(错)

It is probable that it will happen.(对)
此事大概会发生。
为了加强语气,可以在probable之前加个most,如:
It is most probable that it will happen ;这时候,most probable 等于 very likely(很有可能)之意。
现将possibleprobable用于一句,以便区别:
Such accidents are not only possible but also probable.这类意外不但可能,而目还会发生。
从此句可看出,possible的词义比probable弱。
possible只表示有此可能,而probable则表示可能性很大或很可能会发生。

People are encouraged to speak openly, but careless remarks are ______ to hurt others’ feelings.  < C >
A. possible      B. probable      C. likely      D. perhaps

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