Lesson 62  Affer the fire  大火之后

 

First listen and then answer the question.

听录音，然后回答以下问题。

What was the danger to the villages after the fire?

Firemen had been fighting the forest fire for nearly three weeks before they could get it under control. A short time before, great trees had covered the countryside for miles around. Now, smoke still rose up from the warm ground over the desolate hills. Winter was coming 5  on and the hills threatened the surrounding villages with destruction, for heavy rain would not only wash away the soil but would cause serious floods as well. When the fire had at last been put out, the forest authorities ordered several tons of a special type of grassseed which would grow quickly. The seed was sprayed over the ground in huge quantities by aeroplanes. The 10  planes had been planting seed for nearly a month when it began to rain. By then, however,in many places the grass had already taken root. In place of the great trees which had been growing there for centuries, patches of green had begun to appear in the blackened soil.

 

New words and expressions 生词和短语

 

control(1.2)/k+n'tr+(l/n.控制

smoke(1.3) /sm+uk/n.烟

grass－seed(11.8－9)/'gra:s-?si:d/ n.草籽

desolate(1.4)/'des+l+t/ adj. 荒凉的

spray(1.9)/sprei/v.喷撒

threaten(1.5)/'Iretn/ v.威胁

quantity(1.9)/'kw&ntiti/ n.量

surrounding(1.5)/s+'raundiR/ adj.周围的

root(1.11)/ru:t/n.根

destruction(1.5)/di'str)kM+n/n.破环，毁灭

century(1.11)/'sentM+ri/ n.世纪

flood(1.7)/fl)d/n. 洪水，水灾

patch(1.11)/p$tM/n.小片

authority (1.8)/&:'I&riti/ n.(常用复数)当局

blacken(1.12)/'bl$k+n/v.变黑，发暗

 

Notes on the text 课文注释

 

1  had been fighting是过去完成进行时，表示过去某一时刻之前一直进行的动作。

2   before they could get it under control, 他们才能控制住火势。

under control, 受到控制。

3  for miles around, 方圆数英里。

4  Winter was coming on，冬季即将来临，come on这里作“开始”、“来临”讲，用于指时间、季节等自然条件情况的出现。

5  for heavy rain would not only wash away the soil but would cause serious floods as well，因为大雨不仅会冲走土壤，而且还会引起严重的水灾。 for是一个并列连词，用于陈述原因； wash away是“冲刷”的意思。

6  in huge quantities，大量地。

7  take root，生根。

8   in place of，代替。

 

参考译文

 

消防队员们同那场森林大火搏斗了将近3个星期才最后把火势控制住。就在不久之前，参天大树还覆盖着方圆数英里的土地。而现在，发热的地面上仍然升腾着烟雾，弥漫在荒凉的山丘上。冬季即将来临，这些山丘对周围的村庄具有毁灭性的威胁，因为大雨不仅会冲走土壤，而且还会引起严重的水灾。在大火最后被扑灭后，森林管理当局订购了好几吨一种生长迅速的特殊类型的草籽。飞机把这种草籽大量地撒播在地上。飞机撒播近一个月后，开始下起雨来。然而到那时，很多地方的草已经生了根。一片片的绿草开始出现在这片烧焦的土地上，代替了多少世纪以来一直生长在那里的参天大树。

 

Summary writing 摘要写作

 

Answer these questions in not more than75  words.

回答下列问题，将答案组成一个段落，不要超过75个单词。

1  How long did it take the firemen to get the forest fire under control?

2  Had all the great trees been burnt or not? Was there danger that heavy rain would cause serious floods or not? Would the floods destroy the surrounding villages or not?(Now that… which)

3  Did the forest authorities order grass-seed to prevent this or not ? For how long was it sprayed over the ground by planes?(To prevent this…which…)

4  Did it begin to rain or not? Where had the grass taken root? (By the time that…)

 

Composition 作文

 

Rewrite the following sentences using tne joining words in parentheses:

用括号中的连词改写以下句子：

1  The firemen cut down trees. They prevented the fire from spreading. (in order to)

2  The fire raged for two weeks.  It caused millions of pounds' worth of damage. (which)

3  Forest workers planted young trees quickly. The whole area would become a desert. (so that… not)

 

Letter writing 书信写作

 

Write six sentences beginning with each of the following phrases:

完成用以下短语开头的句子：

I am sorry…; Forgive me for…; I was so glad…; I have not heard…; What a surprise…; It was very kind….

 

Key structures 关键句型

 

The planes had been planting seed for nearly a month when it began to rain. 过去

完成时和过去完成进行时

a  Do you remember these sentences? (KS38)

你还记得以下句子吗？(参见第38课关键型)

He lived in Scotland fifteen years ago. He had lived in Scotland for fifteen years bofore he came to England.

b  Now compare these pairs of sentences:

对比以下句子：

He had already finished work before I arrived. 我到达之前他已经完成了工作。

He had been working in a factory for years before he got this job. 在得到这个工作前，他已在一个厂干了多年。

I asked him what he had lost. 我问他丢了什么。

I asked him what he had been doing all afternoon. 我问他整个下午在干什么。

 

Exercises 练习

 

A  Underline the verbs in the passage which tell us what had happened and what had been happening.

划出课文中过去完成时和过去完成进行时的句子。

B  Give the correct form of the verbs in parentheses. Do not refer to the passage until you finish the exercise:

用正确的时态填空，完成练习后再对照课文核对你的答案：

1  Firemen_______(fight)the forest fire for nearly three weeks before they could get it under control. A short time before, great trees_______(cover)the countryside for miles around.

2  The planes_______(plant) seed for nearly a month when it began to rain. By then, however, in many places the grass already________(take)root. In place of the great trees which________(grow) the for centuries, patches of green__________(begin) to appear in the blackened soil.

C  What happened? What had happened? What had been happening?

Give the correct form of the verbs in parentheses:

用正确的时态填空：

After Howard Carter________(discover) Tutankhamen's tomb, strange reports_________(appear) in the newspapers. Three of the people who______(take) part in the discovery______(die) soon afterwards. Though nothing_______(happen)to Cater himself, newspapers________(claim)that these people________(die) because of the‘curse of the Pharaohs’. These absurd stories have been forgotten, but Carter's great discovery remains. Archaeologists________(search)the Valley of Kings for years, but until 1922  nothing________(find).

 

Special difficulties 难点

 

Words often confused 经常容易混淆的词

Study these examples:

细读以下例子：

a  Control(1.2) and Check.

He controls a large business company. 他掌握着一个很大的商业公司。

A mechanic checked my car engine. 一位机械师检查了我汽车的发动机。

b  Great(1.2) and Big.

The Parthenon is a great building. (An important building.)巴台农神殿是一座重要的建筑。Skyscrapers are big buildings. 摩天大楼是高大的楼房。

c  Soil(1.6) and Ground(1.4).

Olive trees can grow in poor soil. 橄榄树能在贫瘠的土壤里生长。

The ball fell to the ground.球落到地面上。

 

Exercise练习

 

Choose the correct words in the following sentences:

选择正确的词：

1  The inspector(checked) (controlled) my ticket.

2  Nothing can grow in this poor(soil) (ground).3  Have you (checked) (controlled) those figures?4  Beethoven was a(big) (great) composer.

 

Multiple choice questions 多项选择题

 

Comprehension理解

1  Grass－seed had to be planted quickly ________.

a． to prevent flooding

b． because it was late in the season

c． to save the trees

d． because the trees had been growing for centuries

2  Planes were used because _______.

a． there had been a fire

b． the hills were bare

c． there weren't any trees

d． this was the quickest way to plant huge quantities of seed

Structure 句型

3  _______had they been fighting the forest fire? For nearly three weeks.

a． How much                b． How often

c． What time                 d． How long

4  The hills threatened the surrounding villages with destruction. The villages _______.

a． were destroyed          b． had destroyed

c． might be destroyed     d． could destroy

5  If it rained heavily there_______ floods.

a． will be                       b． can be

c． had been                   d． would be

6  The planes _______nearly a month to plant the seed.

a． did                            b． made

c．took                           d． had

7  The trees had been there _______.

a． since centuries           b． before centuries

c． for centuries              d． centuries long

Vocabulary 词汇

8  Heavy rain would wash away the soil. It would ________.

a． clean it                      b． carry it away

c． wash it                     d． wet it

9  Large ________of seed were used.

a． weights                     b． measures

c． tons                          d． amounts

10  The seed had already taken root. It had begun to________.

a． grow                        b． root

c． grow up                    d． increase

11  Patches of green had begun to appear. There was green grass ________.

a． every where              b． only in one or two places

c． in one place               d． here and there

12  The grass had begun to appear in the soil. It had begun to_______.

a． point                         b．show

c． seem                        d． point out