|Fantin-Latour油画 / 静物|

标签:
绘画国外油画杂谈 |
分类: 美术馆 |
原文地址:法国画家亨利·方丹-拉图尔(下)作者:梅州人
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方丹-拉图尔非常擅长人物画,我们曾提到他的名作《巴迪侬画室》,在这幅的群像画里,出色地将自己的好友——印象派的马奈,及雷诺阿、莫奈、左拉等有机地组合在一起。他的人物画含有古典学院派严谨的写实手法与印象派的综合技法。方丹-拉图尔并不像印象派画家那样痴迷于户外的瞬间光色印象,他不去户外作画,画室才是他的家。所以,他也擅长静物画。
19世纪末,有位经常在巴黎美术学院听课,并多次参加法国官方沙龙展出活动的肖像画家、版画家和插图画家方丹-拉图尔,在法国的绘画史上是几乎没有什么 地位的。但他个人的作品风格却是地道的法国学院派式的。是什么原因使他不能在沙龙中脱颖而出呢?其一是,沙龙的评审委员会在当时已相当专制,排斥异已的事 经常发生。他们可以在3000个画家约5000幅作品中,刷掉将近3000幅。落选的画家中,有一些曾经是受勋的、可以免审的画家。年轻的方丹-拉图尔尽 管勤奋艺事,未能跻身沙龙就更不在话下了;其二,方丹-拉图尔最初是以版画崭露头角的,他能画一手优美的静物,在群像性肖像画上最有成就。但沙龙不仅排挤 象库尔贝、多比尼等一些写实的有成就的画家,也更会拒绝方丹-拉图尔。他的一幅《仙境》,竟以对经典画法具有破坏性意义为理由被拒之于门外,后来他不得不 以石版画创作为其主要活动。