第一部分　专业笔试（40分）

一． 名词解释（10分，每题2分）：

1． 康复
2． 平衡反应
3． 作业治疗
4． 言语治疗
5． 日常生活活动

二． 简答题（15分，每题3分）：

1． 简述残疾三级预防的目的及措施。
2． 简述康复治疗的范畴。
3． 简述运动疗法的治疗作用。
4． 简述平衡的维持机制。
5． 简述矫形器的基本功能。

三． 问答题（任选2题回答，其中第1题为必答题。15分，每题7.5分）：

1． 谈谈你对康复的认识。

2． 患者，男，16岁，中学生，踢足球时不慎扭伤右踝，局部肿痛，不能行走。查体：右踝肿胀，右踝前下方压痛明显，主动、被动活动均受限。急诊X光片检查未见骨折征象。诊断为“急性右踝扭伤”。根据软组织损伤的PRICE常规为此患者制定康复方案。

3． 患者，男，65岁，因胸闷，气促入呼吸内科，诊断为COPD。经保守治疗，病情稳定，肺功能检查为小气道通气功能障碍，转来康复科进一步治疗。请根据COPD康复治疗原则，为此患者制定一个长期的康复方案。

第二部分　专业英语　（20分）

Part one: Translate the following passage into Chinese

Dose Brain Exercise Work?

1. 　Ronald L. Graham, a 57-year-old mathematician at AT & T Bell Laboratories in Murray　Hill, N.J., is taking up Japanese and golf. He has learned to speak Chinese, throw a boomerang, play the piano and beat most comers at table tennis. He also juggles and does handstands.
2. 　What possesses him to master one skill after another? Graham says he wants to keep his brain active and capable of solving thorny mat problems. “Learning Chinese”, he says, “stretches your brain in dramatically different directions. ” Juggling four or five balls simultaneously at three different heights “is amazingly tough mentally, ” he adds. It makes him concentrate every second. Graham believes the more he uses his brain, the better it will perform.
3. 　This is the “uses it or lose it” concept applied to the mind. Its proponents include an increasing number of neuroscientists and psychiatrists. They believe that a mind challenged by reading, by an engrossing hobby or by wor--paid or volunteer—is likely to remain vigorous and creative into old age.
4. 　Although the brain does change with age, scientists are not sure what bearing this has on the　ability to think and reason. Dr. Gene Cohen, acting director of the National Institute on Aging, a federal research organization in Bethesda, Md., says it is no longer assumed that people will suffer mental deterioration as they get older. “Many changes once said to be related to aging,” explains Dr. Cohen, “are now though to be due to illness or even medications.”
5. 　Until recently, researchers did not ask whether those elderly people who best retained their　mental acuity did so because they were healthy or because they continually challenged themselves. That is why a study published in 1990 by Dr. John Stirling Meyer and his colleagues at Baylor College of Medicine in Houston was so unusual. It followed a group of healthy older people for four years and tried to determine whether those who allowed themselves to stagnate experienced any decline in their mental abilities.
6. 　The 83 participants were about 65 years old and employed when the study began. Researchers gave them standard Neurological and psychological test and measured blood flow to their brains. All registered normal for their age.
7. 　Subsequently, a third of the participants continued to work. Another third retired but remained　mentally and physically active. The rest became basically inactive after retirement. Four years later, the inactive people showed less blood flow to their brains. They also did significantly worse on I.Q. tests than the other two groups.
8. 　I would definitely say this is cause and effect,” says Dr. Meyer, a 60-year-old neurologist. “The only thing that varied was their level of activity.”
9. 　Researchers have established that when people are mentally engaged, biochemical changes occur in the brain that allow it to function more effectively in cognitive areas such as attention and memory. This is true regardless of age. People will be alert and receptive if they are confronted with information that gets them to think about things they’re interested in. And someone with a history of doing more rather than less will go into old age more cognitively intact than someone who has an activated mind.


Part two: Translate the following sentences into English

1、 我们必须先评估患者，然后再制定治疗方案。
2、 生活的价值不在于生命的长短，而在于我们是怎样度过的。
3、 人类最可怕的疾病就是怀疑自己有病。
4、 医院的患者如果感到痛的特别厉害，可以按铃叫护士。
5、体格检查有助于医生了解患者的躯体功能是否正常，如关节、肌肉有无疼痛、活动是否受到限制。