【世说成语】介绍中国传统文化的英文文章-筷子 Chopsticks



History of Chopsticks



While the precise origins of chopsticks are unknown (the first chopsticks may have been twigs used to spear a roast cooked over an open fire) they were definitely in use by the Shang dynasty (1766 BC - 1122 BC). Their enduring popularity since that time may actually be linked to Chinese cooking methods - before stir-frying the food is cut into tiny pieces, making them easy to manipulate with a chopstick.

Here in the west, where fork eaters are in the majority, it is sometimes easy to forget that the fork has only recently become an essential item at the dinner table. True, the Byzantines used forks in the 10th century, and Catherine de M'edici introduced the pointed tines to the French court in the early 1500s. But in the United States, it wasn't until the eighteenth century that people felt the need for more than a knife and spoon. By contrast, chopsticks have been the utensil of choice throughout all of China since the Han dynasty (approximately 200 BC to 200 AD).

The Difference Between Chinese and Japanese Chopsticks
There are several differences between Chinese and Japanese chopsticks:

• Chinese chopsticks are normally made of unfinished wood or bamboo.
  
• Japanese chopsticks are normally made of lacquered wood or bamboo.
  
• Chinese chopsticks made for adults are normally about 10 ½ inches (shorter chopsticks for young children are available)
  
• Japanese chopsticks are normally about 9 inches
  
• Chinese chopsticks taper to a blunt end.
  
• Japanese chopsticks taper to pointed ends.
  

You can also find chopsticks made with inexpensive plastic, or more expensive materials such as jade or ivory.

Do You Need to Use Chopsticks?
Today, chopsticks are growing in popularity in non-Asian countries. And why not? After all, if you can handle rice with chopsticks, why not linguine? But I have a confession to make. Despite my love of Chinese cuisine, I am a bit of a klutz with chopsticks. Somehow I've never fully mastered that delicate art of holding the bottom stick stationary between my thumb and fourth finger, while using the tip of that same thumb and my index and middle fingers to manipulate the top chopstick, in order to capture a bite-sized morsel and steer it toward my mouth. Being left-handed only complicates the whole process.

Still, I must agree with Asian food aficionados who won't go near a plate of Ginger Beef without their "Kuai zi." (The word "chop" is pidgin English for kuai, which means quick or speedy). Just as coffee loses some of its tangy essence when served in a Styrofoam cup, Chinese cuisine simply tastes better eaten with chopsticks. And there are distinct benefits to having to work a bit harder to obtain your food: for one thing, it forces you to realize exactly how much you are eating.

Chopsticks - A Cultural Phenomenom
Given its prominence in Asian culture, it is not surprising that chopsticks have transcended the boundaries of food. Poems have been written about them, and researchers at the Hong Kong Polytechnic University put the basic concept behind chopsticks to good use when designing the Mars Rock Corer. Studies have been conducted on whether chopstick usage helps improve memory, and whether it can aid children in learning to write Chinese. But whether you wrap your noodles around your fork or pick them up with chopsticks, here are some recipes for you to enjoy (and hopefully use to perfect your chopstick skills!)

本文转载自http://chinesefood.about.com/od/restaurantdining/a/chopsticks.htm

你可能喜欢的其他文章：
1.【世说成语】介绍中国传统文化的英文文章-旗袍
2.【世说成语】网络购物经验总结、团购网站团购注意事项
3.【世说成语】查找外文文献资料的方法之三 准确翻译专业词汇
4.【世说成语】查找外文文献资料的方法之二 访问外网
5.【世说成语】查找外文文献资料的方法之一 网页翻译