push
n. to lengthen a set; an attack where the player pistons their arm rather than swinging, "pushing" the ball across the net; an illegal lift. 延长比赛，持球。
 
quick
n. a low, fast, inside set. 快速传球。
 
quick/shoot
n. a play that includes both a quick set and a shoot set.有快球和强攻的进攻。
 
quick slide
n. a quick attack that includes a two-footed takeoff and a broad jump along the net. 飞（位置差）。
 
rally
n. One series of play, from the service until the ball is dead. 一个球，一分球，从发球到成死球。
 
read
n. to determine what event will take place before it occurs; a blocking scheme in which the front-row players watch the setter in order to determine where to block; a backcourt defensive scheme based on all players reading their opponents and their teammates. 预判对方的进攻战术，看对方二传的动作来判断球的走向和战术以组织拦网，后场六人防守。
 
ready position
n. the flexed, yet comfortable posture a player assumes before moving to the point of contact.队员接触球前的准备动作。
 
rebound angle
n. angle of the contact surface of the body at the moment of ball contact, commonly refers to forearm passing and hand position in blocking. 球被拦后的反弹角度。
 
reception error
n. a service reception error. 接发球失误。
 
release
n. a high set, usually delivered to the left sideline, that serves as an outlet when the play goes awry; a block pattern in which an outside blocker fronts the quick hitter as the middle double blocks on the sideline; the action of the ball leaving the setter's hands; the action of the setter moving towards the net.四号位高拉开的强攻，四号位队员向对方快球队员移动和三号位的队员组成双人拦网的拦网形式，二传移动的动作。
 
reverse
n. a combination in which the usual quick hitter attacks a play-set and the usual play-set hitter attacks a quick set. 三号位副攻手扣2.5高球而二号位接应二传手掩护扣快球。
 
reverse bump
n. a desperation ball-handling technique sometimes necessary but seldom encouraged. It occurs when a player brings the hands together in front of the face, elbows bent. The ball is contacted in front of the face on the back of the forearms. 一个铤而走险的二传动作，一般很少使用。在队员的双手一起在脸前时，双臂弯曲，在脸前，前臂的后部接触球。
 
right-stack
n. a commit-block scheme in which the right starts behind the middle in order to follow the crossing attacker. 四号位队员向三号位移动跟随对方插上的队员的拦网战术。
 
roll shot
n. a ball cleanly hit with the heel or palm of the hand. 手掌击球。
 
rotate
n. to advance on position in the line-up; a backcourt defense in which the line defender moves near the block and the middle-back moves behind the line defender. 轮次轮转。
 
rotation
n. the players' locations on the court, according to the scorer. 轮次轮转。
 
safety
n. a planned change in the blocking scheme used when the team confronts an attack it cannot cover.安全的拦网（当拦网队员不能触碰对方的扣球）。
 
scoop
n. slang referring to the J stroke. The ball is played with the hands clasped together, the thumbs parallel and pointed up, and the elbows bent.J型传球。
 
seam
n. the mid-point between two players.两个队员的中间空档。
 
serve
n. one of the six basic skills, used to put the ball in play. It is the only skill controlled exclusively by one player.发球。
 
serve receive
n. the tactical skill of directing the opponent's serve to the setter so that he or she can set. Forearm passing is the most common technical skill used to serve receive. 接发球。
 
service ace
n. a serve that hits the floor or causes the serve-receiver to misplay the ball in such a manner that another player cannot make a second contact.发球直接得分（发球直接落入对方场地或对方队员接发球失误）。
 
service error
n. charged when the serve touches the net, fails to clear the net, lands out of bounds, touches the antenna, or the server is called for a line violation, delay of service, or rotational fault.发球失误（发球不过网，或出界，或碰到标志杆等）。
 
service reception error
n. charged when the serve strikes the floor untouched, no teammate is able to make a second hit, or the player is called for an illegal contact.接发球失误（直接把球垫飞或未触及球）。
 
set
n., v. the tactical skill in which a ball is directed to a point where a player can spike it into the opponent's court. Overhead passing is the most common technical skill used to set. 比赛中的一局；二传传球的动作。
 
shag
v. to retrieve balls that have been played, missed, or terminated in a drill and returning them to the leader of the drill.追分（当比赛落后时）。
 
shot
n. any directed individual attack attempt. 单人进攻，强攻（没有队友掩护）。
 
side-out
n. occurs when the receiving team successfully puts the ball to the floor against the serving team, or when the serving team commits an unforced error, and the receiving team thus gains the right to serve.交换发球权，发球得分制。（目前不使用）。
 
skill
n. the coordinated, effective function required by a specific motor task.技术。
 
skip step
n. resembles a hop. The feet are moved simultaneously from one position to a new balanced position. Primarily used to describe a common footwork pattern in ball handling.位置移动（首先用来描述触球时的步伐移动）。
 
specialize
n. to concentrate efforts on one part of the game. 特长，在某一方面特别突出。
 
spike
n., v. to hit the ball forcefully into the opponents' court.扣球。
 
spike coverage
n. players on the attacking team assume low ready positions around their attacker in order to to retrieve rebounds from the opposing blockers.扣球后的自我保护。
 
spiker
n. the attacker. 扣球手。
 
split block
n. a double block that leaves a space between its blockers. 两臂间有空隙的双人拦网。
 
shadow of the block
n. the area behind the block into which the opposing spikers cannot hit the ball hard. 拦网覆盖的范围。
 
shallow
n. near the net.近网的。
 
shank
n. a severely misdirected forearm pass.严重错方向的传球。
 
shoot
n. a low, fast set to an attacker who is away from the setter.平拉开。
 
shuffle
n. a footwork pattern in which the feet do not cross each other, used to cover short distances. 短距离移动的步伐。
 
sidespin
n. the resulting movement of the ball when spin is imparted in the horizontal plane, usually due to striking the ball off-center, causing the ball to follow a somewhat sideways path. 侧旋球。
 
slide
n. an attack approach that includes a last moment move along the net. 扣球手扣球之前移动后的扣球线路。
 
soft block
n. a technique in which the blocker angles his hands backward in order to deflect the ball and slow its speed. 有效拦网（拦网时控制手型使球减力进入本方场地）。
 

stack-man
n. a commit-block scheme in which the follower is assigned to block one attacker only.一对一拦网战术（一名队员只负责拦对方一名队员）。
 
stack-read
n. a commit-block scheme in which the follower determines, by reading the setterm whom he blocks.预判拦网（一名队员根据对方扣球前的动作预判球的线路以控制拦网起跳的时间和手型）。
 
step-around
n. a one-footed slide in which the attacker moves around the setter.扣球手在二传手周围一个身位扣球。
 
step-in
n. a one-footed slide in which the attacker moves toward the setter. 扣球手在二传手前一个身位扣球。
 
step-out
n. a one-footed slide in which the attacker moves away from the setter.扣球手跑动后在离二传手一个身位处扣球。
 
stuff
v. to block the ball to the floor.拦网直接得分。
 
stuff block
n. a ball that has been blocked to the floor. 被直接拦网得分的球。
 
swing
n. to move from one sideline to the other, usually in approaching to attack; a type of offense that uses the swing approach. 穿插跑动（从场地一边到另一边）。
 
switch
n. to change positions on the court. 换位。
 
tandem
n. a combination in which one player attacks immediately behind another.梯次进攻。
 
tape
n. the top of the net. 网的最上端。
 
target
n. the player who is intended to receive the ball in any given play. The target can be the setter who is in the correct court position, an opponent who is designated to receive a serve, or a spiker who is waiting to receive a set. 目标。
 
target area
n. the court position where the target players should be. 控制区域，目标区域。
 
technique
n. the mechanics of a skill. 技术。
 
telegraph
n. to show one's intention to the opponents. 暴露意图。
 
terminal attack
n. a spike or tip that has been successfully executed so that it is unplayable by the defensive team. 成功率把握极高的进攻，对方无法防守。
 
terminal contacts
n. contacts which lead directly to points or side-outs for the contacting team. kills, and ace serves are all terminal contacts. An unforced error such as a net violation is also considered terminal. 一攻进攻成功，直接得分。
 
three
n. a shoot that is attacked between the setter and the left sideline.在二传手和三号位队员之间2.5扣球。
 
throw
n. a lift, usually characterized by a throwing motion. 持球（包括捞球）。
 
tip
n. 1. one-handed placement or redirection of the ball with the fingers -v. 2. to place or redirect the ball with the fingers of one hand.单手调整传球。
 
tomahawk
n. descriptive slang for a reverse bump. 见reverse bump。
 
topspin
n. the resulting movement of the ball when spin is imparted in the vertical plane in a forward direction, usually due to striking the ball and following through by snapping the wrist. A ball with topspin will drop faster than a ball with little or no spin. 上旋球。
 
toss
n. 1. a skill used to initiate the contact of service. 2. a skill used to duplicate the dynamics and trajectory of a pass, serve, or set during a drill. Both hands should be used to impart less spin on the ball.双手用力传出不带旋转的，力量角度恰到好处的球。
 
touch
n. 1. a player contacting the ball. -interj. 2. an exclamation made by a blocker to inform his backcourt defenders that he has contacted the ball.触球。
 
touch block
n. a control block. 有效拦网。
 
trajectory
n. the curve the ball takes on its path from one player to another. 球运行的轨迹。
 
transition
n. the change from defense to offense. 攻防转换。
 
trap
n. 1. a set close to the net that gives the blocker the advantage. -v. 2. to concentrate the block on one hitter, ignoring another.近网的传球，容易导致球被拦，使得拦网集中在一名球员身上。
 
triple-block
n. a block formed by three players.三人集体拦网。
 
two
n. a medium-height set that is usually attacked near the center of the net. See also play-set.三号位2.5扣球。
 
underhand serve
n. a serving technique in which the ball is contacted at about waist height by the serving hand.下手发球（勾手飘球）。
 
unforced error
n. an error committed by a player that is unrelated to the opponent's play. Touching the net, stepping over the center line, and serving into the net are examples of unforced errors. 非受迫性失误。
 
veer
v. to change direction sharply during a spike approach, see also break.进攻线路突然改变。
 
wing
n. the player located on the extreme right or left of the formation. 阵型最旁边的运动员。
 
W
n. a serve-receive formation with three players in the front row, two in the back (in the shape of a "W"). W型接发球战术。
 
X
n. a cross in which the middle attacks a front one and the right attacks a two to the left of the middle.交叉进攻。
 
X series
See 51X. See 51X.
 
zone block
n. when the blockers take away a significant portion of the defensive back court in which the opposing spiker can hit by being in good blocking position relative to the opposing spiker.拦网时最有利的位置。